Trends in British Emigration: What do the official data show? Pamela Dent and Joanna Wroe Migration Statistics Unit Population Statistics Division
Trends in British Emigration : What do the official data show?
Feb 25, 2016
Trends in British Emigration : What do the official data show?. Pamela Dent and Joanna Wroe Migration Statistics Unit Population Statistics Division. Presentation Outline. Who is an emigrant, according to which official data? What are the latest trends in British emigration? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Trends in British Emigration: What do the official data show?Pamela Dent and Joanna WroeMigration Statistics UnitPopulation Statistics Division
Presentation Outline
• Who is an emigrant, according to which official data?
• What are the latest trends in British emigration?• Who is emigrating?• Why are they emigrating?• Where are they emigrating to?
• What about Brits coming (back) to the UK?• Summary and questions
Who is an emigrant – the UN Definition
‘A person who moves to a country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least a year (12 months), so that the country of destination effectively becomes his or her new country of usual residence. From the perspective of the country of departure the person will be a long-term emigrant and from that of the country of arrival the person will be a long-term immigrant.’
United Nations (1998)
Which official data?
• International Passenger Survey (IPS)• Long-Term International Migration (LTIM) estimates;
around 90% IPS data but with additional data for:• Asylum Seekers (Home Office)• Cross border flows into and out of Northern Ireland
(Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency, NISRA)• Those who change their intentions
• Other sources of official emigration data include:• Eurostat• OECD
Trends in emigration over the decades
http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/interactive/theme-pages-1-1/index.html
What are the latest trends in British emigration?
Long-term international migration estimates of British citizens, UK, 2003–2012
Source: Long-term International Migration – Office for National Statistics Please note that LTIM data for 2012 are provisional
Comparing British and Non-British Citizens
Source: Long-term International Migration – Office for National Statistics Please note that LTIM data for 2012 are provisional
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Long-Term International Migration Estimates of Emigra-tion from the UK, by Citizenship 1991 to 2012.
British Non-British
Emig
ratio
n (th
ousa
nds)
Emigration of British citizens from the UK by age group, 2001 to 2011
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110
20
40
60
80
100
120Under 15 15 - 24 25 - 44 45 - 59/64 60/65 and over
Out
flow
(tho
usan
ds)
Source: International Passenger Survey – Office for National Statistics
Reasons for Emigration
• Work-related reasons (including ‘definite job’ and ‘looking for work’)
• Accompany/join• Formal study• Other• No reason stated
Main reason for emigration, British citizens, 2002 to 2012
Source: International Passenger Survey – Office for National Statistics
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 (p)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
DEFINITE JOB LOOKING FOR WORK ACCOMPANY / JOINFORMAL STUDY OTHER NO REASON STATED
Emigration (thousands)
Where are British emigrants going to?
05
1015202530354045
Emigration to most common destinations of next res-idence for British citizens, 2007-2011
20072008200920102011
Emig
ratio
n (th
ousa
nds)
Source: International Passenger Survey – Office for National Statistics
Where do emigrants leave from?
Source: International Passenger Survey – Office for National Statistics
Lond
on
Sou
th E
ast
Nor
th W
est
Sou
th W
est
Eas
t
Sco
tland
Yor
kshi
re ..
.
Eas
t Mid
land
s
Wes
t Mid
l...
Wal
es
Nor
th E
ast0
5
10
15
20
25
30
352007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Emigration (thousands)
British emigrants by area of origin within the UK, 2007-2011
British nationals coming to the UK
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Long-Term International Migration Estimates of Immigration to the UK, by Citizenship 1991 to 2012
British Non-British
Imm
igra
tion
(thou
sand
s)
Source: Long-term International Migration – Office for National Statistics Please note that LTIM data for 2012 are provisional
British nationals coming to the UK by age group
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Inflow of British citizens to the UK by age group, 2001 to 2011
Under 15 15 - 24 25 - 44 45 - 59/64 60/65 and over
Inflo
w (t
hous
ands
)
Source: International Passenger Survey – Office for National Statistics
Where have British nationals come to the UK from?
Australia Germany Spain France USA02468
1012141618
Immigration from most common countries of last res-idence for British citizens, 2007-2011
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Imm
igra
tion
(thou
sand
s)
Source: International Passenger Survey – Office for National Statistics
In summary, the official data show:
• 144,000 Brits emigrated from the UK in 2012• Emigration of Brits has decreased since
peaking at 207,000 in 2006• Most common age to emigrate is 25-44• Most common reason to emigrate is having a
definite job to go to• Australia is the most popular country to
emigrate to – and has been since 1985
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