1 TREE PLANTING OPERATIONS TREE PLANTING OPERATIONS Ralph D. Nyland Department of Forest and Natural Resources Management SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse, NY 13210 Nyland - 2010 All rights reserved Use of all or parts of this permission prohibited without express consent of Ralph D. Nyland Background reading: Chapter 7, in Nyland, R.D. 2002. Silviculture: Concepts and Applications. Waveland Press. Long Grove, IL. 2ed. Sources cited: Savill, P.S., and J. Evans 1966. Plantation Silviculture in Temporate Regions With Special Reference to the British Isles. Clarendon Press, Oxford. Stone, E.L., R. Feuer, and H.W. Wilson. 1970. Judging land for forest plantations in New York. Cornell Univ., NYS Cooll. Agric., Ext. Bull 1075. Wenger, K.F., Ed. 1984. Silviculture. Pp. 413-456, Sect. 8, in Forestry Handbook. John Wiley & Sons. NY.
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TREE PLANTING OPERATIONSTREE PLANTING OPERATIONS
Ralph D. NylandDepartment of Forest and Natural Resources Management
SUNY College of Environmental Scienceand Forestry
Syracuse, NY 13210
Nyland - 2010All rights reserved
Use of all or parts of this permission prohibitedwithout express consent of Ralph D. Nyland
Background reading:
Chapter 7, in Nyland, R.D. 2002. Silviculture: Concepts and Applications.Waveland Press. Long Grove, IL. 2ed.
Sources cited:
Savill, P.S., and J. Evans 1966. Plantation Silviculture in Temporate Regions With Special Reference to the British Isles. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Stone, E.L., R. Feuer, and H.W. Wilson. 1970. Judging land for forest plantations in New York. Cornell Univ., NYS Cooll. Agric., Ext. Bull 1075.
Wenger, K.F., Ed. 1984. Silviculture. Pp. 413-456, Sect. 8, in Forestry Handbook. John Wiley & Sons. NY.
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… biologically suitable and serving the need
Two critical requirements …
… done correctly
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Evaluate and makedecisions about all the pertinent ones …
And remember to deliberate all the elements …
As a review …
… first think about site assessment
… and species selection
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Remember this …
… lets review some critical site and planting stock factors
… notice the low areas
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… and what happens to red pine at those areas
… with appreciably less than24 inches of soil to signs ofimpeded drainage
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… tufted foliage on thebranches
… a key symptom
… and early mortality in the most poorly-drained soils
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… you identify limiting site conditions by checking the soilNissen 2010
… note the mottles
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… a sign of impeded drainage
… so check the depth
… usually close to the surface in concave slopes
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BLACK = GOOD
SPECKLED = NO(Poorly suited)
... just ONE factor
We have guides to aid in site assessment …
From Stone et al. 1970
CONCAVE = POOR DRAINAGE
CONVEX = GOOD DRAINAGE
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… and read the landscape for signs of potential problems and opportunities
… typical seedlings should look like this (inverted)… with a good balance between tops and roots
… now think about the planting stock
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… they require properpackaging and storageto prevent desiccationand heating
… look for a 50/50 top-root ratio… and a dense and fibrous root system
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… good color, no damage,not desiccated, no mold
… and then let’s plant them
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… and then let’s plant them
How to plant a tree …
1 – Upright in position2 - Inserted to the root collar3 - Roots spread to a natural
arrangement4 - Soil firmly pressed around
the roots
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2
3 4
A well-planted tree :
After Wenger 1984
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… first dig a hole
… hold it open
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… insert the tree seedling and press the soil around the roots
Plant to the root collar …
… hold upright
… press soil around the roots
After Wenger 1984
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… with good supervision to insure a good result
… here operationally on a recently cut and prepared site