Treatments of Disorders – Psychotherapies • Psychoanalysis • Humanistic • Behavioral – Sci Amer Frontiers Video -- Systematic desensitization for arachnophobia – Operant conditioning – e.g., treatment of autism, behavior modification • Cognitive – Beck’s approaches to altering “dark glasses” • Group and family • What do psychotherapies offer to demoralized people? – Hope, a fresh perspective, empathy…. – What else?
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Treatments of Disorders –Psychotherapies Psychoanalysis Humanistic Behavioral –Sci Amer Frontiers Video -- Systematic desensitization for arachnophobia.
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Treatments of Disorders– Psychotherapies
• Psychoanalysis• Humanistic• Behavioral
– Sci Amer Frontiers Video -- Systematic desensitization for arachnophobia
– Operant conditioning – e.g., treatment of autism, behavior modification
• Cognitive– Beck’s approaches to altering “dark glasses”
• Group and family• What do psychotherapies offer to demoralized people?
– Hope, a fresh perspective, empathy…. – What else?
– areas (e.g., Area 25) associated with depression may be overactive in certain people. Sending electrical impulses to these areas may "reset" them to normal functioning
• Neurofeedback• Transcranial magnetic stimulation
– magnet placed above right or left eyebrow to stimulate right or left prefrontal cortex
• Outcome studies– evaluate whether a particular treatment works– treatment and control conditions– Empirically validated therapies (Segment 41 of Psychology: The
Human Experience)
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Therapy’s effectiveness
• Either psychotherapy or medication appear to be more effective than placebo
• Some research (on social phobia) shows that effective psychotherapy or medication affect the same brain areas
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14.4 Which Treatments Work
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14.4 Which Treatments Work
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Dangers of Treatment
• Some treatments cause unintended harm
• Side effects, potential drug interactions, dependence, complications
• Iatrogenic illness
• Client in therapy is vulnerable
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Ethics in treatment
• Set of ethical standards– strive to benefit client and do no harm– establish relationship of trust– promote accuracy, honesty, & truthfulness– seek fairness in treatment and take precaution to avoid