Transport System: Plants and Animals
Transport System: Plants and Animals. Recall….Plant Adaptations to Life on Land.
Jan 14, 2016
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Transport System: Plants and Animals
Recall….Plant Adaptations to Life on Land
Other ChallengesWhy do plants have roots and shoots?
Additional Adaptations
1.
2.
3.
A Big Split: The Two Classes
Water Transport: Xylem
How does water from the roots, make it all the way to the very
tops of leaves?
Cohesion-Tension Hypothesis
• Transpiration• Root Pressure• Capillary Action
Transpiration ….Inside the Cell!!!
Nutrient Transport: Phloem
Where are nutrients of the plant produced?
How do nutrients get from the leaves to other places the needed?
Pressure-Flow Hypothesis
Xylem Vs. Phloem
Xylem and Phloem
Animal Transport
What needs to be transported?
Is One Structure for Transport Adequate for ALL Organisms?
What determines the system design of Animals?
Demands of Environment!!!!
1. Water vs. Land2. Size3. Activity Level
Two Types of Circulatory Systems
Open• No separation between
blood and other fluid.• Fluids bathe organs• Blood transport=slow• Small organisms/insects
Closed• Blood is in vessels• Major vessels branch to
smaller vessels• Blood transport=Quick
Vertebrate CirculationA.K.A….The Cardiovascular System
-3 Main Components1. Heart2. Blood Vessels3. Blood
The HeartAtria
• Receive blood returning to heart
Ventricles• Pump blood out of the
heart
2 Major Chambers
Blood Vessels
Arteries
Carry blood away from heart to other organs.– Aorta– pulmonary
Veins
Return blood to the heart
-Has Valves
Capillaries
Network of microscopic vessels that permeate every tissue.
Evolution of Circulation
Fish Amphibians/Reptiles Birds/Mammals
The Human Heart
The Cardiac CycleHeartbeat= Sequence of muscle contraction
(systole) and relaxation (diastole).
Blood enters the atria, which contract, forcing blood into the ventricles.
The atria relax and fill.
The ventricles contract, forcing blood into the pulmonary artery and the aorta. Then, the ventricles relax and the atria contract, repeating the cycle.
*Atria contract=ventricle relax**Atria relax=ventricle contract*
Muscle Structure
• Contractions are caused by two main proteins– Actin – Myosin
Types of Muscle
Blood Pressure
Blood vessels differ in amounts of muscle and elastic tissue.
Blood Pressure Measurement
Peak of ventricle release=systolic blood pressure
Just prior to ventricle release=diastolic blood pressure
Systolic/Diastolic=120/80
Blood
• Composition– Erythrocytes– Leukocytes– Plasma– Platelets
Erythrocytes
• Transport Oxygen• Hemoglobin
Why is Iron so important in our
diet?
Leukocytes• Second line of defense against invaders• Macrophages
Plasma
• Fluid Portion of Blood• Transports material – CO2 – Hormones– Ions– Digested food
Lymphatic System
• Lymph- fluid of system– Specialized cells– Water– Protein– Salts
What would happen if the lymphatic system did
not function/exist?
Platelets
Coagulation
Homeostasis
Skin• Why do you sweat?
Gas-Exchange• Why do you breath heavy
when you are exercising?
• Why after holding your breath do you breath heavy?
Related Documents
