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September 1st 2008 Hans Schneider Transition and design How energy & climate change demand a differently designed world
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Transition and Design

Nov 14, 2014

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Design

Hans Schneider

Dutch/English: invited lecture on energy transition and design on the Design Academy Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Page 1: Transition and Design

September 1st 2008

Hans Schneider

Transition and designHow energy & climate change demand a differently designed world

Page 2: Transition and Design

September 1st 2008

Hans Schneider

Transitie en ontwerpHoe energie & klimaatverandering om een anders vormgegeven wereld vragen

Page 3: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider3 September 1st 2008

Outline

What do I do?

Crisis? What Crisis?

3 concepts: Evolution

Revolution

Transition / directed change

Some design challenges…

Why is energy saving so hard to achieve?

My design principles for energietransition

Wat doe ik zoal?

Crisis? Welke crisis?

3 begrippen: Evolutie

Revolutie / omwenteling

Transitie / gerichte overgang

Twee ontwerp uitdagingen

Waarom is energiebesparing zo moeilijk te realiseren?

Mijn ontwerpprincipes voor energietransitie

Page 4: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider4 September 1st 2008

Who am I?

Study: psychology Work: researcher (Leiden University), consultant (BuildDesk) Energy use:

5 person household (200 liters hot water each day) Bike, train, car, plain 4 computers, 2 tv-sets, 4 game computers, 2 routers, … Fridge, freezer, washing machine, dryer, 70+ lights bulbs

Page 5: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider6 September 1st 2008

What do I do for a living?

Research / advice on:

Energy saving in existing houses

Uptake of energy innovations

National & international policies

Impacts of climate change

Onderzoek en advies over…

Energiebesparing in bestaande woningen

Acceptatie van innovaties

Landelijk & internationaal beleid

Gevolgen van klimaatverandering

Page 6: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider7 September 1st 2008

Crisis? What Crisis?

Page 7: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider8 September 1st 2008

Crisis? Energy Crisis!

Climate change

Pollution

Damage

Cheap oil is running out

Klimaatverandering

Vervuiling

Schade

Goedkope olie raakt op

Page 8: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider9 September 1st 2008

Energy crisis climate change impacts

“French” climate in Holland

More heat waves

No more skating

Page 9: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider11 September 1st 2008

Energy crisis climate change impacts

More rain

More extreme weather

Sea level rise

Increased flooding risk

Page 10: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider13 September 1st 2008

Energy crisis climate change Hurricane Katrina

Page 11: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider14 September 1st 2008

Energy crisis climate change Katrina damage

Page 12: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider15 September 1st 2008

Energy crisis damage oil spills

Page 13: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider16 September 1st 2008

Energy crisis damage open mining

Page 14: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider17 September 1st 2008

Energy crisis End of cheap oil

Growing demand, shrinking supply

No short time alternative for traffic

Groeiende vraag, dalend aanbod

Voor vervoer op korte termijn geen alternatieven

$ 100-150?

Page 15: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider18 September 1st 2008

Energy crisis End of cheap oil

Page 16: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider19 September 1st 2008

So how can we change things?

Page 17: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider20 September 1st 2008

How change comes about

Change can come in several ways

Gradually, step by step

or

As a big sudden change

Undirected

or

Aimed

Verandering komt in soorten

Geleidelijke, stap voor stap

of

Als een grote plotselinge verandering

Zonder doel

of

Doelgericht

Page 18: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider21 September 1st 2008

Evolution:Step by step undirected change

Page 19: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider22 September 1st 2008

Evolution: a biological concept

Step by step change Undirected Survival of the fittest Specialisation

Stap voor stap verandering Zonder richting De beste overleeft Specialisatie

Page 20: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider23 September 1st 2008

Evolution: a industrial concept

Gradual changes Aimed on consumer demand Survival of the best selling Differentiation

Geleidelijke veranderingen Gericht op de consument De best verkopende overleeft Differentiatie

Page 21: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider24 September 1st 2008

industrial evolution guided by consumer tastes, gives us what we want, but not always what we need…

Page 22: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider25 September 1st 2008

Change by revolution: the digital revolution

Complete new solution

“invention” Needs different

infrastructure Makes the old

obsolete

Complete nieuwe oplossing

“uitvinding” Heeft nieuwe

infrastructuur nodig Maakt het oude

overbodig

Page 23: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider26 September 1st 2008

Technological revolutions give us completely new opportunities

…and consequences

Page 24: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider27 September 1st 2008

(R/E)volution of transportation More travelling

Longer distances

More commuting

Products from all over the world, allways available

Digital Revolution Information always available

24/7 services

Electrical revolution No more darkness

New possibilities… & consequences

Page 25: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider28 September 1st 2008

Most changes askfor MORE energy

Page 26: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider29 September 1st 2008

Let’s ask each other some questions

Page 27: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider30 September 1st 2008What is your favourite product?

Is it wired?Is it energy producing or consuming?

Can it do without energy?Or can it produce (more) energy?

How?

Wat is je favoriete product?

Zit er een stekker aan?Kost het of levert het energie?

Kan het zonder energie?Of kan het (meer) energie produceren?

Hoe?

Page 28: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider31 September 1st 2008 How do you cope with heat?

What do you do?What do you use?

Think of some improvements…

Is there a way to use or re-usethe heat that is bothering you?

Hoe ga je om met hitte?

Wat doe je?Wat gebruik je?

Bedenk een paar verbeteringen…

Kan je iets bedenken om die hitte te (her)gebruiken?

Page 29: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider32 September 1st 2008

Energy transition:enough, fair & clean in 2050?

Page 30: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider33 September 1st 2008

Transition management = directed change

If we don’t give change direction it will be “bigger, faster, further, longer” but probably not “cleaner” or “more sustainable”

Transition management

Where do we want to be in 50 or 100 years?

How can we avoid unwanted and help wanted outcomes?

How can we give direction to change?

Als we de verandering niet sturen, wordt het “groter, sneller, verder, langer”, maar waarschijnlijk niet “schoner” of “duurzamer”

Transitiemanagement

Waar willen we over 50 of 100 jaar zijn?

Hoe kunnen we ongewenste uitkomsten voorkomen en gewenste stimuleren?

Hoe kunnen we verandering richting geven?

Page 31: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider34 September 1st 2008

Transition problems

Some difficulties with transition

What will 2050 be like?We can’t predict the future!

What about existing cars, pipes, buildings ?We’re stuck with old stuff!

Who’s in power?Change is not in everyone's interest!

Problemen rond transitie

Hoe ziet 2050 er uit?Je kan de toekomst niet voorspellen!

Wat doen we met bestaande auto’s, pijpleidingen & gebouwen?We zitten opscheept met oud spul!

Wie is er de baas?Sommigen hebben geen belang bij veranderingen!

Page 32: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider35 September 1st 2008

Multiple futures, multiple solutions, multiple designs

Leave open different directions

Develop competing technologies & designs

Skip dead ends

Sta uiteenlopende oplossingen toe

Ontwikkel concurrerende technieken en ontwerpen

Verlaat doodlopende wegen

Possibility:Passive house

Possibility:renewable

energy house

Dead end:Deforestation for biomass energy

Page 33: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider36 September 1st 2008

Technology lock in: what about the old stuff?

But we have such nice…

Cars, roads, gas stations

Natural gas pipes & installations

refineries, oil tankers

Maar we hebben van die fijne..

Auto’s, wegen en pompstations

Gasleidingen & installaties

Raffinaderijen en olietankers

distribution Transport infrastructure Central heating pipes

Page 34: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider37 September 1st 2008

Who is in charge?

Existing oil industries are not likely to change

Already large investments made

Existing market position

Know how and money to maintain business as usual

Oil sands Coal-to-liquids

Oil industry preferences or electric alternatives?

Page 35: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider38 September 1st 2008

How to manage an energy transition?

Multiple solutions More efficiency AND green

power AND no-energy-solutions

Avoid technology lock in prepare for local energy

solution

avoid one-fuel pipes

Electric transport

Rearrange power Who is in charge?

Redirect money to new technologies and solutions

Meerdere oplossingen Efficiëntie EN groene energie EN

nul-energie-oplossingen

Voorkom techniek ‘lock in’ richt je op lokale energie

voorziening

voorkom pijpen waar maar één brandstof door kan

Elektrisch transport

Andere machtsverhoudingen Wie is de baas?

Laat geld naar nieuwe techniek & oplossingen stromen

Page 36: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider39 September 1st 2008

Why is energy saving so hard to achieve?

Page 37: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider40 September 1st 2008

Globalised expectations…

Always & everywhere 21 °C

Iceland, India, Netherlands

Car, offices, shops, houses

Global dress code

We forget how to protect ourselves against heat & cold…

Altijd en overal 21 °C

IJsland, India, Nederland

Auto, kantoor, winkel, thuis

Wereldwijde kledingvoorschriften

We vergeten hoe we ons tegen hitte en koude moeten beschermen…

Page 38: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider41 September 1st 2008

Modern city lifestyle asks for a lot of energy…

24/7 economy: shops, food, fun, work, transportation

Fresh food from all over the world

Fast connections

Anything you want…

Full time economie: winkels, eten, fun, werk, vervoer

Verse producten van overalter wereld

Snelle verbindingen

Alles wat je wilt…

Page 39: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider42 September 1st 2008

Some examples of solutions

Page 40: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider43 September 1st 2008

Solutions…

De kas als bron van energie en schoon water

Greenhouses as source of heat & clean water

Page 41: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider44 September 1st 2008

Solutions…

Train, car & living room will merge Trein, auto & woonkamer in één

Page 42: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider45 September 1st 2008

Solutions…

LED & daylight

LED energy use halves every 2 years

Long lasting

LED & daglicht

LED-verbruik halveert elke 2 jaar

Zeer duurzaam

Page 43: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider46 September 1st 2008

Solutions…

Low or no-energy design Weinig of geen-energie ontwerpen

Page 44: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider47 September 1st 2008

Can we design for a sustainable energy future?

Page 45: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider48 September 1st 2008

My guess for some design principles…

Seek parallel solutions

Add quality instead of quantity

Do not depend on complex or expensive infrastructure

Question existing powers & interests

Honour local solutions instead of global conformity

Use what is at hand: (waste)heat, daylight, gravity, wind, biomass, building materials, etc.

Verken parallelle oplossingen

Voer kwaliteit toe in plaats van kwantiteit

Wees onafhankelijk van ingewikkelde en dure infrastructuur

Wees kritisch tegenover bestaande machten en belangen

Respecteer lokale oplossingen in plaats van wereldwijde uniformiteit

Gebruik wat voorhanden is: (rest)warmte, daglicht, zwaartekracht, wind, biomassa, bouwmaterialen, etc.

Page 46: Transition and Design

Hans Schneider49 September 1st 2008

Thank youfor your attention