TRANSFORMATION MINISTRY BUILDING SZW THE HAGUE SKILL CITY
Apr 03, 2016
TRANSFORMATION MINISTRY BUILDING SZW THE HAGUE
SKILL CITY
3
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
Due to the lengthy period of preparation, lasting over 11 years, the building
housing the Ministry of Social Affairs in The Hague was one of the last
designs by the architect Herman Hertzberger that was still representative
of the school of structuralism in architecture. As such, it is very much in
line with the concept expounded by Aldo van Eyck: “Treat every house
like a small city and every city like a big house. ”Man is the measure of
all things here, and the focus is always on the human dimension. Sixteen
octagonal towers, with space for 32 workstations on each floor, provide
a total of 60,000 m² of space for approximately 1800 government
employees. The towers are connected by long high atria that form the
backbone of the building and contain lifts, escalators, and glass overhead
bridges. The design encourages the building’s occupants to relate and
connect with each other and facilitates a multifunctional use of the
building. It’s therefore only logical that we aim to ensure that the building
is again used in the manner originally envisioned by the architect, namely
as a multifunctional “small city.” It’s time for SZW 2.0!
EVERY HOUSE A SMALL CITY EVERY CITY A BIG HOUSE
In May 2015, the Ministry will move to its new quarters in “De Resident”.
Its present location near the Laan van NOI train station will then
become available for new uses. How can such a large-scale project be
implemented smoothly and efficiently? Finding new uses for empty office
buildings in a sustainable and multifunctional manner and managing
them effectively has developed into a new field of activity in which a
variety of organizations are active. At OeverZaaijer, we are presently
involved in various such transformation projects and have already
acquired a great deal of experience in this field. In our vision, the present
owner of the building, the Government Buildings Agency (GBA), will
gradually transfer ownership to new investors and stakeholders. For
the project to be successful, the Municipality of The Hague will have
to provide its cooperation in connection with the required procedures,
and the public space around the building will also have to be taken into
account within the overall project framework.
THE BUILDING WILL BECOME AVAILABLE FOR NEW USES
185 m
90 m
TRANSFORMATION MINISTRY BUILDING SZWTHE HAGUE
initiators:
OeverZaaijer architecure and urbanismPedro de Medinalaan 7a1086 XK AmsterdamT +31 (0) 20 31 41 1 1 1F +31 (0) 20 31 41 199E [email protected] www.oeverzaaijer.nl
FaktonWTC Beursplein 373011 AA RotterdamT +31 (0) 10 300 6000 F +31 (0) 10 205 5373E [email protected] www.fakton.nl
consultant / knowledge platform:
RefillJan Evertsenstraat 725Gebouw ‘de Huygens’1061 XZ AmsterdamT +31 (0) 20 504 0000E [email protected] www.refillnow.nl
Deerns Nederland B.V.Fleminglaan 102289 CP RijswijkT +31 (0) 88 374 0461F +31 (0) 88 374 0016E [email protected] www.deerns.nl
ACCOMMODATION
TRAINING
WORK
FUTURE PERSPECTIVE
The number of unemployed young people between the age of 18 and 27 who are looking for work and are registered with
the UWV (Employee Insurance Agency) increased markedly over the past year. The number of unemployed young people
without a starter diploma looking for work actually doubled in 2013. A starter diploma is defined as a completed educational
background of at least MBO (intermediate vocational training) level 2 and includes HAVO (senior general secondary
education) and VWO (college-preparatory high school education) educational programmes. Young people without a starter
diploma are more likely to become unemployed than those with such a diploma. The same is true of young people with
a VMBO (pre-vocational secondary education) or MBO educational background compared to those with an HBO (higher
professional education) or WO (university) background.
TARGET GROUP: YOUNG PEOPLE WITH A PRACTICAL BENT18 - 30 YEARS
54
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
IMPRESSION ATRIUM
Various initiatives are presently underway in The Hague and the surrounding
area that aim to encourage the entry of these unemployed groups of
young people into the workforce and to keep them there. These include the
‘Actieplan Aanpak Jeugdwerkloosheid’ (Youth Unemployment Action Plan), the
‘Haagse Leerwerkcheque’ (Hague Trainee Subsidy Programme), the ‘Buzinezz
Club’ and the ‘Klant op Koers’ (training/educational initiatives for welfare
recipients) days organized by the municipality. The SZW project can benefit
from and contribute to these positive initiatives. Young people with a VMBO
or MBO educational background as well as school dropouts must be given an
opportunity to develop themselves further instead of simply being left behind
by the rest of society. We aim to provide this group of young people with a
platform that offers them all the facilities they need. In our vision, the building
can serve as a ‘seedbed’ for the further development of these young people.
7
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
IMPRESSION ATRIUM ”PIXEL CITY”
Structural alterations or renovations that involve significant costs
will have to wait until prospective tenants with special wishes and an
adequate budget come knocking. The division of the building into 16
towers makes it easy to dedicate separate units to individual tenants,
vertically as well as horizontally.
FLEXIBLE LAYOUT AND IMPLEMENTATION
As the structural skeleton consists of concrete columns and beams
without the use of any supporting walls, all kinds of structural
alterations and modifications are possible. This has already been amply
demonstrated in the course of various structural alterations carried
out over the past years. A wide range of activities and functions could
be carried out inside the building envelope, as long as they have a
relationship with the specific group of users targeted by the overall
project plan, namely young people with a practical bent up to the
age of about 30. The list of possible functions and tenants includes:
home improvement stores that also rent out equipment, restaurants,
furniture making workshops, repair shops, general shops, educational/
training facilities with various types of classrooms, adult education/
night schools, secondhand markets/shops, professional skills workshops,
startup companies by individuals with a VMBO or MBO background,
temp agencies, recycled goods shops, rehearsal studios for musicians,
individual and shared accommodation for students and young people,
apartments, yoga studios, wellness centres, hostels, trendy bars, vintage
clothing shops, and conference rooms etc.
ROUTING
The upper floors of the four towers alongside the park are suitable for
small apartments. The existing lifts can be accessed from the side facing
the park and can be replaced by larger ones if necessary. In addition to
the existing escalators, new lifts can be installed to provide access to the
educational facilities on the first and second floors. The accommodation
for students and young people on the upper floors can be accessed via
the existing lift shafts.
9
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
SITUATION WITH CROSSING TO PARK
A new route passing right through the building will make it possible to
walk directly from the train station to the park and to access the building
from more than one side. The area around the building will also become
part of the public space and can, for example, be used to host regular
events such as a “Swan Market”. This will also create a link between the
park on the north side and the building itself.
MAKING THE GROUND FLOOR MORE ACCESSIBLE
For reasons of security, the building, which now houses the Ministry
of Social Affairs, has only one main entrance directly opposite the exit
from the Laan van NOI train station. As a result, the building has a
rather introverted look and feel about it. The list of required structural
alterations includes modifications aimed at making the ground floor
more accessible and welcoming. Spaces of various sizes will be made
available on the ground floor to serve the needs of the public. The
building as a whole will therefore play a significant role in the life of the
neighbourhood.
“SWAN MARKET”
Organizing regular public events that attract large numbers of visitors
such as the “swan market” in Rotterdam or the “neigHBOur food market”
in Amsterdam can quickly transform an empty building into a magnet for
all kinds of activities. This can also jumpstart a successful new life for an
existing but unoccupied building.
INTEGRATION INTO THE SURROUNDINGS
REUSE
Existing areas that are suitable for new tenants will be retained whenever
possible. The restaurant and the conference rooms are examples of such
areas.
DYNAMIC BALANCE
The process of finding new tenants and uses for the building will be an
ongoing and dynamic process. New users, enterprises, and organizations
will be continuously added into the existing mix in an organic and
integrated fashion.
URBAN FARMING
The large surface area available in the form of horizontal roofs and
terraces provides excellent opportunities for creating vegetable and herb
gardens. The harvest can be sold to external parties or used by in-house
restaurants.
Another possibility is the production of electricity via “plant power” from
green roofs. The innovative PLANT-e company has already developed
such a system.
SOLAR PANELS / SOLAR COLLECTORS
Blind façade panels on the south and west side can be fitted with solar
panels for the production of electricity. The ultra-efficient solar collectors
supplied by HONE Surface Power can also be installed on the east and
west sides.
INSTALLATION TECHNOLOGY
The installation consulting firm Deerns was involved in the original
design activities for the building and is now again involved in the present
project. The repetitive existing pattern of identical ducts and shafts for
cables etc. ensures that the installations can be used in a flexible and
multifunctional manner.
WASTE RECYCLING
An innovative company such as The Waste Transformers uses technology
to convert waste into sustainable energy. The recycling units available are
about the size of a sea container, are robust, and have a high efficiency
for waste amounts of 1000 kg or more.
THE “TERMITE HILL”
11
IMPRESSION ATRIUM
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
• A building without tenants is practically impossible to sell in the current economic climate, especially a
building of this size.
• The goal is to ensure that the building again becomes an attractive object for tenants and to gradually
generate a flow of rental income based on the various uses found for the building.
• The programmes and activities initiated by the institutions and businesses that use the building and give it
a new ‘image’ are essential in this regard.
• The initial target is to ensure that the rental income generated by the first users at least covers the
maintenance and management costs.
• The next step is to generate real added value from managing the building by further increasing the flow
of rental income. Entrepreneurship is needed to realize this. An incentive will be created to encourage such
entrepreneurship by setting up a share-based structure with (preferred) shares and depositary receipts.
• GBA will own a majority of the (preferred) shares, which will give it the first rights to dividends from the
improved exploitation of the building.
• Initial participants will receive shares in exchange for making investments in the building. These investments
can be in the form of cash or materials or time and effort.
• Entrepreneurs can obtain depositary receipts by purchasing them or in exchange for their investments in the
building.
• The entrepreneurs and initial participants will then be entitled to a share of the dividend and will also benefit
from the increase in value of the building made possible by their efforts.
• The introduction of a share structure also ensures that the GBA has the option of exiting the project by
selling its shares.
FINANCIAL CONCEPT There is also a different option, namely a gradual transfer of ownership to businesses and users
First the maintenance and management costs will be covered:
Selling a vacant building in the current market
• No rental income;• (Much) too big to rent as office space;• Maintenance and management costs continue for the time being;• Value will continue to decrease as the building will not be maintained or not sufficiently maintained;• ‘Going rate’ of 150 to 250 euros per m2 GFA• IF a buyer can be found.........
Empty building
Empty building
New initiatives and activities
13
SKILL CITY © Fakton
RGD
Initiators
Users/entrepreneurs
Cash flow sufficient for basic maintenance and management activities
Users/entrepreneurs joining the project at an early stage
60% preferred shares
Start-up rental (based on turnover)
20% ordinary shares
20% depositary receipts
After initial period of growth, cash flow exceeds the dividend hurdle for payouts to GBA
Value created by the crowd and value captured by the crowd!
Growth phase
Mature phase
After a second period of growth, we pass the dividend hurdle for payouts to all shareholders
Growth phase
As soon as maximum turnover/rental potential has been realized, or even sooner if deemed desirable or necessary, the parties can sell their shares. Gradual transfer of ownership of building from GBA to initial participants / users
Mature phase
15
SKILL CITY © Fakton
Cash flow sufficient for basic maintenance and management activities
Cash flow sufficient for dividend payouts to GBA
Cash flow sufficient for dividend payouts to GBA
Cash flow sufficient for basic maintenance and management activities
Cash flow sufficient for basic maintenance and management activities
Business case makes it clear that, via this gradual transfer of ownership approach, GBA can receive approximately 500 to 750 per m2 of GFA for the building.
Cash flow sufficient for dividend payouts to GBA
Cash flow sufficient for dividend payouts to all shareholders
Cash flow sufficient for dividend payouts to all shareholders
Maximum potential realized based on targeted concept
Number of users increases
Number of users stabilizes
Number of users increases
Rental income increases
Stable rental income
Rental income increases
RGD
Initiators
Users/entrepreneurs
0% preferred shares
50% ordinary shares
50% depositary receipts
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
1918 14-298 TRANSFORMATIE MINISTERIE SZW / © OeverZaaijer
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47,9 m²
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18,4 m²
21,9 m²
8,1 m²
30,5 m²
14,5 m²
21,3 m²
14,7 m²
11,2 m²
11,2 m²
16,6 m²16,6 m²
13,2 m²
3,2 m² 3,2 m² 3,2 m²
13,0 m²
2,2 m²
1,3 m²1,0 m²
12,1 m²
4,5 m²
50,1 m²54,7 m²
468,8 m²
1.223,4 m²
12,0 m² 12,0 m²14,4 m²
1.194,2 m²
11,3 m²14,5 m² 14,5 m² 10,6 m²
28,1 m²
35,7 m²
23,8 m²
10,3 m²
10,8 m²
27,2 m²
15,2 m²
10,8 m²
10,6 m²
23,8 m²
12,7 m²
23,8 m² 23,8 m²
10,6 m²
10,6 m²
23,8 m²
10,6 m²
65,5 m²
37,0 m²
70,3 m²
29,0 m²
20,0 m² 55,6 m²54,0 m²
41,5 m²12,6 m²
78,1 m²
20,8 m²
13,6 m²
5,4 m²
24,1 m²
42,4 m²
33,0 m²25,2 m²
258,3 m²12,3 m²
230,5 m²
23,8 m²
20,4 m²
3,6 m²
12,5 m²
32,7 m²
18,0 m²
94,7 m²
11,6 m²
11,7 m²
9,3 m²
8,4 m²
10,6 m²
19,0 m²
14,7 m²
21,8 m²
21,6 m²
19,7 m²
30,7 m²
14,6 m²
14,7 m²
21,8 m²
30,5 m²
7,1 m²
14,6 m²
22,5 m²
22,2 m²
33,2 m²
14,6 m²3,7 m²
21,9 m²51,1 m²
82,3 m²
11,2 m²
15,5 m²
10,7 m²
26,4 m²
11,2 m²
11,2 m²
11,2 m²
3,2 m² 3,2 m²
1038,7 m²
931,7 m²
12,7 m² 12,7 m²
14,5 m²14,5 m²
47,5 m²
81,8 m²
81,8 m²
27,2 m²
34,6 m²
34,9 m²
30,6 m²
11,8 m²
23,8 m²
10,6 m²
34,9 m²
272,5 m²
35,7 m²
10,6 m²
72,4 m²
37,0 m²
23,8 m²
10,6 m²
10,8 m²
22,1 m² 253,5 m²
64,1 m²
9,7 m²
150,6 m²
12,4 m²
35,8 m²
90,2 m²
11,9 m²
78,3 m²
25,4 m²
15,8 m²62,5 m²
69,9 m²
53,7 m²
13,3 m²
7,5 m²
4,7 m²
3,1 m²
7,4 m²7,4 m²7,4 m²7,4 m²
7,4 m²
1,3 m²
1,4 m²
1,1 m²
1,3 m²
21,8 m²
23,2 m²
1,6 m²
1,2 m²
16,5 m²
9,5 m²
9,5 m²
1,6 m²
1,2 m²
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Centrumvierkant
Gang
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Centrumvierkant
Gang
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Trappenhuis
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TrappenhuisTrappenhuis
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Lift Lift Lift
Kleedruimte
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ToiletToilet
Voorruimte wasbakken
Toilet
GangCentrumvierkant
Gang
Garage
Kern KernKern
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Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Telefonisten
Magazijn bouwkundig
Papieropslag
Opslag StofzuiginstallatieStadsverwarming
VergaderruimteSpreekruimte
Magazijn schoonmaak
Magazijn IB
Magazijn kunst
Berging schoonmaak
Spreekruimte
Kantoor
KantoorKantoor
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Magazijn algemeen
Kantoor
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Opslag
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Centrumvierkant
Gang
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Centrumvierkant
Gang
Gang
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Centrumvierkant
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Trappenhuis
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Kern Kern
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Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
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Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
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Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
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Testruimte Computerruimte
Instructiezaal
Sprinklerinstallatie
Oranjezaal
Opslag IB
Opslag ICT
Testruimte
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Telefooncentrale
UPS ruimte
TechniekInstallatieruimte
Kantoor
Opslag IB
Techniek
Sluis
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Voorruimte kleedkamers
ToiletToiletToiletKleedruimte
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Kleedruimte
Voorruimte
Toilet
Behandelruimte
Doucheruimte
Doucheruimte
Voorruimte
Toilet
Boiler
LAAG -1
UIT IN
LEVEL -1
BUSINESSES, EQUIPMENT RENTAL, FURNITURE MAKING WORKSHOP, REPAIR WORKSHOP, STARTUP COMPANIES BY INDIVIDUALS WITH VMBO OR MBO BACKGROUND, PRACTICE SPACES, RESTAURANTS, SECONDHAND MARKET/SHOP, BUSINESSES, REHEARSAL STUDIOS FOR MUSICIANS, PROFESSIONAL SKILLS WORKSHOPS
SQUARE FORSWAN MARKET
PARKINGAPPROX. 5.550 M2 GFA
BUSINESSES, PRACTICE SPACES, CAFÉS & RESTAURANTS, HOME IMPROVEMENT STORE
APPROX. 5.540 M2 GFA
EXAMPLE OF INTERIOR LAYOUT
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
2120 14-298 TRANSFORMATIE MINISTERIE SZW / © OeverZaaijer
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15,2 m²
71,3 m²
55,5 m²
31,4 m²
17,3 m²
6,2 m²
20,2 m²
11,8 m²
234,7 m²
4,8 m² 4,8 m² 4,8 m² 4,8 m² 5,8 m²
15,2 m²
13,0 m²
13,0 m²
29,1 m²
27,2 m²
15,3 m²
13,8 m²
13,8 m²
38,3 m²
15,3 m² 15,3 m²
13,8 m²
10,8 m²
15,3 m²
12,8 m²
23,8 m²
23,8 m²
9,1 m²
69,4 m²
62,3 m²
28,2 m²
19,6 m²
16,9 m²
25,7 m²
13,1 m²
912,0 m²
10,8 m²
15,3 m²
11,6 m²
26,4 m²
29,4 m²
11,6 m²
15,3 m²
13,0 m²
13,0 m²
15,3 m²
15,3 m²
13,8 m²
13,8 m²
15,3 m²
27,2 m²
43,4 m²
27,2 m²
15,2 m²
13,8 m²
10,5 m²
35,7 m²23,7 m²
10,6 m²
10,5 m²
23,7 m²
23,6 m²
10,5 m²
10,6 m²
23,8 m² 34,8 m²
34,8 m²
23,7 m²
12,4 m²
20,0 m²
12,6 m²
36,1 m²
32,7 m²
24,7 m²
11,7 m²
12,6 m²
9,7 m²
27m²
75m²
27m²
53,6 m²
87,0 m²
54,4 m²
54,9 m²
12m²
12m²
12m²
44m²
9,4 m²
11,6 m²
22,7 m²
3,0 m²
76,0 m² 64,3 m²
35,5 m²
18,1 m²
15,4 m²
175,6 m²
126,3 m²
28,6 m²12,3 m² 12,3 m²
27m²
28,2 m²
341,1 m²
16,2 m²
78,6 m²
2,6 m²
3,9 m²
3,4 m²
27,2 m²
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Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Opslag
Spreekruimte
Archief
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Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
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Kantoor
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Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Spreekruimte
Kantoor
Kantoor
VIP-ruimte
Bewakingsloge
Receptiebalie
Archief/magazijn
Behandelkamer
Kantoor
Behandelkamer
Bedrijfsarts
Bedrijfsarts
Behandelkamer
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
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Kantoor
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Spreekruimte
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Kantoor
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Kantoor
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Kantoor
Kantoor
Kantoor
Spreekkamer
Spreekkamer
Spreekkamer
Kantoor
Kantoor
Spreekkamer
Kantoor keuken
Werkkast/chemie
Opslag Circulatieruimte
Spoelkeuken
Magazijn
Afval en lege fust
Keuken
Centrumvierkant
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Kantoor
Voorruimte toiletten
Koffie corner
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1800
1900
1000
LAAG 0
LEVEL 0
TRENDY BARS, SECONDHAND GOODS SHOP, TEMP AGENCY, VINTAGE CLOTHING SHOP, CAFÉS AND RESTAURANTS, BUSINESSES, REPAIR WORKSHOP, FURNITURE MAKING WORKSHOP, SECOND HAND MARKET, STARTUP COMPANIES, EDUCATION/TRAINING, HOME IMPROVEMENT STORE, RESTAURANTS, START-UPS VAN VMBO-ERS EN MBO-
POSSIBILITY FOR SECONDHAND MARKET
IN THE HALL
BUSINESSES, CAFÉS & RESTAURANTS, HOME IMPROVEMENT STORE
APPROX. 9.450 M2 GFA
EXAMPLE OF INTERIOR LAYOUT
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
2322 14-298 TRANSFORMATIE MINISTERIE SZW / © OeverZaaijer
Kamerscherm5x 750(x2) h 2250mm
geluidabsorberend
Buffet / werkpl.4500x850mm
Achterdoekendecor
h 3500mm
LAAG 1
LEVEL 1
SKILLS WORKSHOPS, CONFERENCE HALLS, THEATRE, MEETING ROOMS, EDUCATIONAL/TRAINING FACILITIES WITH ALL KINDS OF CLASSROOMS, ADULT EDUCATION/NIGHT SCHOOLS, URBAN FARMING, TERRACE, APARTEMENTS, CONFERENCE HALLS, THEATRE, MEETING ROOMS, EDUCATIONAL/TRAINING FACILITIESSOORTEN
MEETING ROOMS, THEATRE, CONFERENCE HALLS
APPROX. 3.650 M2 GFA
EDUCATIONAL/TRAINING FACILITIESAPPROX. 3.650 M2 GFA
URBAN FARMINGAPPROX. 450 M2
TERRAS
APARTEMENTSAPPROX. 1.560 M2 GFA / 20 APP.
FROM 38 M2 TO 75 M2 GFA
EXAMPLE OF INTERIOR LAYOUT
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
2524 14-298 TRANSFORMATIE MINISTERIE SZW / © OeverZaaijer
950
175
bove
nlic
ht
bovenlicht
bove
nlic
ht
bovenlicht
bovenlicht
bovenlicht
bove
nlic
ht
bove
nlic
ht
LAAG 3
LEVEL 3
F
F
T T
T T
F
F
E
E
B
E
E
B
E
E
TT TT
E
F
F
TT
TT
F
F
E
E
E B
E
E
B
E
E
T TT T
E
afschot
hwa
afschot
90
4398
90
7090
LAAG 5
LEVEL 5
WORPSHOP, BUSINESSES, STARTUP COMPANIES, TRAINING/EDUCATION, WELLNESS, YOGA STUDIO, FITNESS, STUDY AREAS, APARTEMENTS, URBAN FARMING, ACCOMMODATION FOR STUDENTS AND YOUNG PEOPLE, BUSINESSES, STARTUP COMPANIES, TRAINING/EDUCATION, STUDY AREAS, APARTEMENTS, URBAN
BUSINESSESAPPROX. 5.820 M2 GFA
JONGERENHUISVESTINGAPPROX. 5.460 M2 GFA
102 UNITS
APARTEMENTSAPPROX. 1.630 M2 GFA / 18 APP.
FROM 45 M2 TO 70 M2 GFA
URBAN FARMINGAPPROX. 1.300 M2
EXAMPLE OF INTERIOR EXAMPLE OF INTERIOR
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
26
T T
F
F
TT
TT
TT
T T
F
F
T T TT
F
F
T T
T T
T T
TT
F
F
TT
U U
1445
200225
LAAG 6
STUDENTENUNITS / HOSTELSTUDENTENUNITS / HOSTEL
LEVEL 6
STUDY AREAS, APARTEMENTS, STUDENT ACCOMMODATION, HOSTEL, STUDENT HOTEL, APARTMENTS, STUDENT ACCOMMODATION, HOSTEL, STUDENT HOTEL
STUDENT ACCOMMODATION,
HOSTELAPPROX. 5.180 M2 GFA
184 ROOMS
EXAMPLE OF INTERIOR
SKILL CITY © OeverZaaijer
EXPERTGEBIEDSONTWIKKELING
EXPERTNIEUWBOUWFOUNDING PARTNER