Transformation Index BTI Human Rights, Development and Economic Growth – Metrics, New Ways of Thinking and New Strategies Washington, D.C. - April 7-8, 2011 Sabine Donner
Dec 17, 2015
Transformation Index BTI
Human Rights, Development and Economic Growth –
Metrics, New Ways of Thinking and New Strategies
Washington, D.C. - April 7-8, 2011
Sabine Donner
Transformation Index BTI
Dimensions of Analysis
Status Index Management Index
State of democracy 2009
State of market economy 2009
Trend indicator
Political management performance (2007 to 2009) allowing for the
degree of difficulty
Criteria of Status and Management Evaluation
Criteria Economic Transformation
Socioeconomic Development
Organization of Market and Competition
Currency and Price Stability
Private Property
Welfare Regime
Economic Performance
Sustainability
Criteria Political Transformation
Stateness
Political Participation
Rule of Law
Stability of Democratic Institutions
Political and Social Integration
Criteria Management Performance
Steering Capability
Resource Efficiency
Consensus-Building
International Cooperation
Holistic ApproachDemocracy | Economy | Governance
Independent and expert-based study
Expert Assessments: Translating Context into Scores
expert poll, 6500 words-length country reports
coding manual with four response options per item
52 item ratings, evaluated by text (country report) and score (ranking) based on a standardized codebook
double review
two independent base ratings
intra- and interregional calibration of ratings
Holistic ApproachDemocracy | Economy | Governance
Democracy under the Rule of Law
Stateness Political Participation Rule of Law
Stability of Democratic Institutions
- Monopoly on the use of force
- State identity- No interference of
religious dogmas - Basic administration
- General, free and fair elections
- Effective power to govern
- Association / assembly rights
- Freedom of expression
- Separation of powers - Independent judiciary- Prosecution of office
abuse - Civil rights
- Performance of and commitment to democratic institutions
Political and Social Integration
- Party system - Interest groups- Consent to democratic
norms- Associational activities
Holistic ApproachDemocracy | Economy | Governance
Democracy under the Rule of Law
Stateness Political Participation Rule of Law
Stability of Democratic Institutions
- Monopoly on the use of force
- State identity- No interference of
religious dogmas - Basic administration
- General, free and fair elections
- Effective power to govern
- Association / assembly rights
- Freedom of expression
- Separation of powers - Independent judiciary- Prosecution of office
abuse - Civil rights
- Performance of and commitment to democratic institutions
Political and Social Integration
- Party system - Interest groups- Consent to democratic
norms- Associational activities
Status of Democracy
Overview of Political Systems
Democracies
Defective and highly defective democracies
Moderate autocracies, autocracies and failing states
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Stateness Political Participation
Rule of Law Stability of Democratic Institutions
Political and Social Integration
Quality of Democracy - BTI 2010 Findings
Detailed Quality Assessment of Political Transformation
Stateness Monopoly on the use of forceState identity No religious dogmasBasic administration
Political Participation Free and fair electionsEffective power to govern Association / assembly rights Freedom of expression
Rule of Law Separations of powers Independent judiciary Prosecution of office abuse Civil rights ensured Stability of Demo. Institutions Democracy performs Democracy accepted
Political and Social Integration Party systemInterest groupsConsent to democratic norms Social capital
Defective democracies Democracies Autocracies
Erosion of the rule of law and lack of political and social integration constitute major weaknesses in defective democracies.
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Stateness Political Participation
Rule of Law Stability of Democratic Institutions
Political and Social Integration
Quality of Democracy - BTI 2010 Findings
Stateness Monopoly on the use of forceState identity No religious dogmasBasic administration
Political Participation Free and fair electionsEffective power to govern Association / assembly rights Freedom of expression
Rule of Law Separations of powers Independent judiciary Prosecution of office abuse Civil rights ensured Stability of Demo. Institutions Democracy performs Democracy accepted
Political and Social Integration Party systemInterest groupsConsent to democratic norms Social capital
Defective democracies Democracies Autocracies
The largest decrease in average indicator scores in consolidated and defective democracies during the last four years is notable in the field of political participation, with regard to association and assembly rights as well as concerning the freedom of expression.
Detailed Quality Assessment of Political Transformation
Quality of Democracy – BTI 2010 Findings
Growing Restrictions on Freedom of Expression…
Freedom of expression
East-Central and Southeast Europe:BOSNIA HERZEGOVINA | CROATIA | LITHUANIAMACEDONIA | SERBIA | SLOVAKIA
Latin America and the Caribbean:ECUADOR | EL SALVADOR | NICARAGUAVENEZUELA
Subsahara Africa:BENIN | BOTSWANA | BURUNDI | CENTRAL AFRICAN REP | CONGO DR | CONGO REPGHANA | KENYA | MADAGASCAR | MALIMAURITANIA | MOZAMBIQUE | NAMIBIA | NIGER NIGERA | SOMALIA | SOUTH AFRICA | TANZANIAUGANDA
Asia and Oceania:SRI LANKA | MALAYSIA | PHILIPPINESSOUTH KOREA
Former Soviet Union and Mongolia:AZERBAIJAN | GEORGIA | KYRGYZSTANMOLDOVA | TAJIKISTAN
Middle East and North AfricaBAHRAIN | EGYPT | JORDAN | LEBANON
Quality of Democracy – BTI 2010 Findings
…and on Assembly / Association Rights
Freedom of expression Association/assembly rights
Holistic ApproachDemocracy | Economy | Governance
Market Economy Flanked by Sociopolitical Safeguards
Level of SocioeconomicDevelopment
Organization of the Market and Competition
Currency and Price Stability
Private Property
Welfare Regime Economic Performance Sustainability
- Prevention of fundamental social exclusion due to poverty, gender, ethnicity or religion
- Market-based competition
- Anti-monopoly policy- Liberalization of foreign
Trade - Banking system
- Anti-inflation / forex policy
- Macrostability (fiscal and debt policy)
- Property rights - Private enterprise
- Social safety nets - Equal opportunity
- Output strength of the economy (GDP, employment, price stability, budget deficit, balance of trade)
- Environmental Policy - Education Policy,
Investment in Research and Development
Holistic ApproachDemocracy | Economy | Governance
Market Economy Flanked by Sociopolitical Safeguards
Level of SocioeconomicDevelopment
Organization of the Market and Competition
Currency and Price Stability
Private Property
Welfare Regime Economic Performance Sustainability
- Prevention of fundamental social exclusion due to poverty, gender, ethnicity or religion
- Market-based competition
- Anti-monopoly policy- Liberalization of foreign
Trade - Banking system
- Anti-inflation / forex policy
- Macrostability (fiscal and debt policy)
- Property rights - Private enterprise
- Social safety nets - Equal opportunity
- Output strength of the economy (GDP, employment, price stability, budget deficit, balance of trade)
- Environmental Policy - Education Policy,
Investment in Research and Development
Economic Performance and Social Inclusion
Distribution of Countries and Scores for each Economic Transformation Criterion
Organization of the Market
Socioeconomic Development
Currency and Price Stability
Private Property
Welfare Regime
Economic Performance
Sustainability
Economic Performance and Social Inclusion
8
12
18
16
7
15
4
10 – 9 (very good)
Organization of the Market
Socioeconomic Development
Currency and Price Stability
Private Property
Welfare Regime
Economic Performance
Sustainability
Distribution of Countries and Scores for each Economic Transformation Criterion
Economic Performance and Social Inclusion
8
12
18
16
7
15
4
33
58
83
63
39
86
29
10 – 9 (very good) 8 – 6 (good)
Organization of the Market
Socioeconomic Development
Currency and Price Stability
Private Property
Welfare Regime
Economic Performance
Sustainability
Distribution of Countries and Scores for each Economic Transformation Criterion
Economic Performance and Social Inclusion
8
12
18
16
7
15
4
33
58
83
63
39
86
29
56
47
23
42
69
24
82
10 – 9 (very good) 8 – 6 (good)
5 – 3 (weak)
Organization of the Market
Socioeconomic Development
Currency and Price Stability
Private Property
Welfare Regime
Economic Performance
Sustainability
Distribution of Countries and Scores for each Economic Transformation Criterion
Economic Performance and Social Inclusion
8
12
18
16
7
15
4
33
58
83
63
39
86
29
56
47
23
42
69
24
82
31
11
4
7
13
3
13
10 – 9 (very good) 8 – 6 (good)
5 – 3 (weak)
2 – 1 (very weak)
Organization of the Market
Socioeconomic Development
Currency and Price Stability
Private Property
Welfare Regime
Economic Performance
Sustainability
Distribution of Countries and Scores for each Economic Transformation Criterion
Economic Performance and Social Inclusion
Favorable Conditions at the Outset of the Global Financial and Economic Crisis
Economic Performance high low
31 %
56 %
13 %
moderate
Economic Performance and Social Inclusion
Level of Socioeconomic Development, Equality of Opportunity and Social Safety Nets
27 %
35 %
38 %
Level of Social Inclusion high moderate low
Holistic ApproachDemocracy | Economy | Governance
Political Management Performance, allowing for the Degree of Difficulty
Steering Capability Resource Efficiency Consensus-Building International Cooperation
- Strategic priority setting - Implementation- Policy learning
- Efficient use of economic and human resources
- Policy coordination - Anti-corruption policy
- Consensus on goals- Exclusion / integration
of veto actors- Conflict management - Civil society
participation - Reconciliation
- Effective use of support- Credibility - Regional cooperation
- Structural Constraints i.e. extreme poverty, low educational level, infrastructural deficiencies, natural disasters etc.
- Civil Society Traditions- Level of Ethnic,
Religious or Social Conflicts
- Per Capita GNI PPP
- UN Education Index- Stateness and Rule
of Law (Average of BTI Criteria Scores)
Level of Difficulty
BTI 2010 Management Index
Political Management in International Comparison
successful with weaknessesmoderateweak
failed or non-existent
successful
Political leadership toward democracy and a market economy
Transparency and Accessibility
Ranking Table (Online, BTI-Book)
Overview on results including the 17 criteria scores per country
In addition: All 52 indicator scores per country accessible via CD-Rom (in BTI-Book) and on
www.bertelsmann-transformation-index.de
Country Reports (Online, BTI-Book)
Detailed analysis and information on all 17 criteria, in addition: Executive Summary, History and Characteristics, Strategic Outlook
Also: 7 regional reports (BTI-Book)
Transformation Atlas (Online)
Interactive application to visualize 6,656 individual scores by world maps (global views), radars (country views), data comparison (cross-checks)
and explanatory texts
Transformation Index 2010 Political Management in International Comparison
1
Review-Process
Standardized codebook (52 Indicators)
Assessment Procedure
2
3
4
Detailed written country assessment with scores
Commentary and scores by local reviewer
Regional and interregional check by coordinators
Final decision by BTI-Board
Detailed written country assessment with scores1
Review-Process
Standardized codebook (52 Indicators)
Assessment Procedure
Detailed written country assessment with scores
128 Country Experts
Commentary and scores by local reviewer
2Regional and interregional check by coordinators
3
Final decision by BTI-Board4
1
1
Review-Process
Standardized codebook (52 Indicators)
Assessment Procedure
Detailed written country assessment with scores
128 Country Experts
2
3
4
1
Commentary and scores by local reviewer
128 Reviewers from the respective countries2
Detailed written country assessment with scores
Commentary and scores by local reviewer
Regional and interregional check by coordinators
Final decision by BTI-Board
1
Review-Process
Standardized codebook (52 Indicators)
Assessment Procedure
Detailed written country assessment with scores
128 Country Experts
2
3
4
1
Commentary and scores by local reviewer
128 Reviewers from the respective countries2
Regional and interregional check by coordinators
Regional Coordinators3
Detailed written country assessment with scores
Commentary and scores by local reviewer
Regional and interregional check by coordinators
Final decision by BTI-Board
1
Review-Process
Standardized codebook (52 Indicators)
Assessment Procedure
Detailed written country assessment with scores
128 Country Experts
2
3
4
1
Commentary and scores by local reviewer
128 Reviewers from the respective countries2
Regional and interregional check by coordinators
Regional Coordinators3
Final decision by BTI-Board
BTI-Board4
Detailed written country assessment with scores
Commentary and scores by local reviewer
Regional and interregional check by coordinators
Final decision by BTI-Board