Transcript about Tenerife disaster

Investigation about Tenerife Disaster and TWA Flight 847 Incident

AMIDEE AZIZANKPMC102217

In this PRESENTATION I will describe about air crash fatal accident between 2 aircraft in two different situations that is runway incursion(aircraft collision) and aircraft hijacking. The issues are:

Fact, Chronology , Comparison and Assumption of Fatal.

Crash of Century

TENERIFE DISASTER FACTDestination : Las Palmas Airport , Canary IslandPlace of Accident : Tenerife Airport (Regional airport)Date : March 27th 1977Aircraft : Pan Am B747 and KLM B747Fatalities : 583Survivors : 61Incident type : Runway Incursion-Aircraft collision during take offReason divert : Bomb threat at Las Palmas

Chronology

• 12 00 pm

• 1230

• 0138

Pan Am on cruising level 2 hours to destination Las Palmas

Pan Am received urgent message from Las Palmas ATC about Bomb Threat at Las Palmas airport and instruct to divert to Tenerife Airport

KLM already on ground

Tenerife is a small airport.Only have 1 airstrip.Its Sunday and only 2 ATC staff on duty.Tarmac condition already pack with a/c,getting bumper to bumper.Taxiway block with aircraft.ATC have to clear aircraft out of gate as soon as possible.

• 0215• 0230• 0456• 0502• 0506

• 0507

• 0508

Pan Am touch down at Tenerife Airport Las Palmas airport reopen KLM request permission to taxiing to depart Pan Am taxiing behind KLM Pan Am saw KLM jumbo heading towards them

on same runway Pan Am trying to pull out of the runway as

soon as possible Both aircraft collide each other

ASSUMPTION OF DISASTER ERROR

Human Error Haste to take off because afraid closed to

minimum visibility to take-off (Fogging situation)

Not follow ATC clearance on take off & exit Take-off during Pan Am still taxiing Stress to catching departure slot to avoid

exceeding flight hour expenses Didn’t follow order to exit on C3 continue

manoeuvre to C4 therefore aircraft shouldn’t be on the runway during event occur.

Communication Failure Pilot misunderstand instruction Lack of communication Bad English accent

Human Error Communication Failure ATC Airport Requirement Weather Conditions Aircraft Refuelling

Weather Condition

Fogging around airportVisibility down from 500 meter to few Dozen

meter before event occurATC

Propose to use the main runway as a taxiway instead(Back track Method)- a/c take turn taxing to

runway-end ,turn around, and take off continuously at the same runway, Next a/c exit and hold before taking turn take-off

Airport Requirement

Limited facilityNo radar to monitor surface movementLack of equipment- runway center light out of service

Aircraft RefuelingPilot judgment on carry extra fuel to fly to Las Palmas

plus back to Amsterdam to avoid queue.Refuelling block Pan Am to taxiing on behindCarry extra fuel take more time to refuelCausing delayToo heavy to liftDelay causing fogging getting thicker

SPECIAL THANKS TO NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC AIRCRAFT INVESTIGATIONQ&A