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Abstract—These instructions give youguidelines for preparing papers for IEEETransactions and Journals. Use this document asa template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0or later. Otherwise, use this document as aninstruction set. The electronic file of yourpaper will be formatted further at IEEE. Papertitles should be written in uppercase andlowercase letters, not all uppercase. Avoidwriting long formulas with subscripts in thetitle; short formulas that identify theelements are fine (e.g., "Nd–Fe–B"). Do notwrite “(Invited)” in the title. Full names ofauthors are preferred in the author field, butare not required. Put a space between authors’initials. Define all symbols used in theabstract. Do not cite references in theabstract. Do not delete the blank lineimmediately above the abstract; it sets thefootnote at the bottom of this column.

This paragraph of the first footnote will containthe date on which you submitted your paper forreview. It will also contain support information,including sponsor and financial supportacknowledgment. For example, “This work wassupported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerceunder Grant BS123456”.

The next few paragraphs should contain theauthors’ current affiliations, including currentaddress and e-mail. For example, F. A. Author iswith the National Institute of Standards andTechnology, Boulder, CO 80305 USA (e-mail: [email protected]).

S. B. Author, Jr., was with Rice University,Houston, TX 77005 USA. He is now with the Departmentof Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,CO 80523 USA (e-mail: [email protected]).

T. C. Author is with the Electrical EngineeringDepartment, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO80309 USA, on leave from the National ResearchInstitute for Metals, Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail:[email protected]).

Index Terms—Enter key words or phrases inalphabetical order, separated by commas. For alist of suggested keywords, send a blank e-mail to [email protected] or visithttp://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/ani_prod/keywrd98.txt

I. INTRODUCTIONHIS document is a template forMicrosoft Word versions 6.0 or later.

If you are reading a paper or PDF versionof this document, please download theelectronic file,TRANS-JOUR.DOC, from the IEEE Web site athttp://www.ieee.org/web/publications/authors/transjnl/index.html so you can use it toprepare your manuscript. If you wouldprefer to use LATEX, download IEEE’s LATEXstyle and sample files from the same Webpage. Use these LATEX files forformatting, but please follow theinstructions in TRANS-JOUR.DOC or TRANS-JOUR.PDF.

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If your paper is intended for aconference, please contact your conferenceeditor concerning acceptable wordprocessor formats for your particularconference.

II. GUIDELINES FOR MANUSCRIPT PREPARATIONWhen you open TRANS-JOUR.DOC, select

“Page Layout” from the “View” menu in themenu bar (View | Page Layout), (theseinstructions assume MS 6.0. Some versionsmay have alternate ways to access the samefunctionalities noted here). Then, typeover sections of TRANS-JOUR.DOC or cut and

Preparation of Papers for IEEETRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS (December

2013)First A. Author, Fellow, IEEE, Second B. Author, and Third C. Author, Jr.,

Member, IEEE

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paste from another document and use markupstyles. The pull-down style menu is at theleft of the Formatting Toolbar at the topof your Word window (for example, thestyle at this point in the document is“Text”). Highlight a section that you wantto designate with a certain style, thenselect the appropriate name on the stylemenu. The style will adjust your fonts andline spacing. Do not change the font sizesor line spacing to squeeze more text intoa limited number of pages. Use italics foremphasis; do not underline. To insert images in Word, position the

cursor at the insertion point and eitheruse Insert | Picture | From File or copythe image to the Windows clipboard andthen Edit | Paste Special | Picture (with“float over text” unchecked). IEEE will do the final formatting of

your paper. If your paper is intended fora conference, please observe theconference page limits.

A. Abbreviations and AcronymsDefine abbreviations and acronyms the

first time they are used in the text, evenafter they have already been defined inthe abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE,SI, ac, and dc do not have to be defined.Abbreviations that incorporate periodsshould not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,”not “C. N. R. S.” Do not use abbreviationsin the title unless they are unavoidable(for example, “IEEE” in the title of thisarticle).

B. Other RecommendationsUse one space after periods and colons.

Hyphenate complex modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.” Avoid danglingparticiples, such as, “Using (1), thepotential was calculated.” [It is notclear who or what used (1).] Writeinstead, “The potential was calculated byusing (1),” or “Using (1), we calculatedthe potential.”

Use a zero before decimal points:“0.25,” not “.25.” Use “cm3,” not “cc.”Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm 0.2 cm,” not “0.1 0.2 cm2.” Theabbreviation for “seconds” is “s,” not“sec.” Use “Wb/m2” or “webers per squaremeter,” not “webers/m2.” When expressing arange of values, write “7 to 9” or “7-9,”not “7~9.”A parenthetical statement at the end of

a sentence is punctuated outside of theclosing parenthesis (like this). (Aparenthetical sentence is punctuatedwithin the parentheses.) In AmericanEnglish, periods and commas are withinquotation marks, like “this period.” Otherpunctuation is “outside”! Avoidcontractions; for example, write “do not”instead of “don’t.” The serial comma ispreferred: “A, B, and C” instead of “A, Band C.”If you wish, you may write in the first

person singular or plural and use theactive voice (“I observed that ...” or “Weobserved that ...” instead of “It wasobserved that ...”). Remember to checkspelling. If your native language is notEnglish, please get a native English-speaking colleague to carefully proofreadyour paper.

C. How to Create a PostScript File First, download a PostScript printer

driver fromhttp://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/pdrvwin.htm (for Windows) or fromhttp://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/pdrvmac.htm (for Macintosh) and installthe “Generic PostScript Printer”definition. In Word, paste your figureinto a new document. Print to a file usingthe PostScript printer driver. File namesshould be of the form “fig5.ps.” Use OpenType fonts when creating your figures, ifpossible. A listing of the acceptablefonts are as follows: Open Type Fonts:

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Times Roman, Helvetica, Helvetica Narrow,Courier, Symbol, Palatino, Avant Garde,Bookman, Zapf Chancery, Zapf Dingbats, andNew Century Schoolbook.

III. MATHIf you are using Word, use either the

Microsoft Equation Editor or the MathTypeadd-on (http://www.mathtype.com) forequations in your paper (Insert | Object |Create New | Microsoft Equation orMathType Equation). “Float over text”should not be selected.

A. EquationsNumber equations consecutively with

equation numbers in parentheses flush withthe right margin, as in (1). First use theequation editor to create the equation.Then select the “Equation” markup style.Press the tab key and write the equationnumber in parentheses. To make yourequations more compact, you may use thesolidus ( / ), the exp function, orappropriate exponents. Use parentheses toavoid ambiguities in denominators.Punctuate equations when they are part ofa sentence, as in

∫0r2 F(r,ϕ) dr dϕ=[σr2¿ (2μ0) ]

⋅∫0∞ exp(−λ|zj−zi| ) λ−1 J1(λ r2 ) J0(λ ri) dλ . (1)

Be sure that the symbols in yourequation have been defined before theequation appears or immediately following.Italicize symbols (T might refer totemperature, but T is the unit tesla).Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or “equation(1),” except at the beginning of asentence: “Equation (1) is ... .”

IV. UNITSUse either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary

units. (SI units are strongly encouraged.)English units may be used as secondaryunits (in parentheses). This applies to

papers in data storage. For example, write“15 Gb/cm2 (100 Gb/in2).” An exception iswhen English units are used as identifiersin trade, such as “3½-in disk drive.”Avoid combining SI and CGS units, such ascurrent in amperes and magnetic field inoersteds. This often leads to confusionbecause equations do not balancedimensionally. If you must use mixedunits, clearly state the units for eachquantity in an equation.The SI unit for magnetic field strength

H is A/m. However, if you wish to useunits of T, either refer to magnetic fluxdensity B or magnetic field strengthsymbolized as µ0H. Use the center dot toseparate compound units, e.g., “A·m2.”

V. SOME COMMON MISTAKESThe word “data” is plural, not singular.

The subscript for the permeability ofvacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter“o.” The term for residual magnetizationis “remanence”; the adjective is“remanent”; do not write “remnance” or“remnant.” Use the word “micrometer”instead of “micron.” A graph within agraph is an “inset,” not an “insert.” Theword “alternatively” is preferred to theword “alternately” (unless you really meansomething that alternates). Use the word“whereas” instead of “while” (unless youare referring to simultaneous events). Donot use the word “essentially” to mean“approximately” or “effectively.” Do notuse the word “issue” as a euphemism for“problem.” When compositions are notspecified, separate chemical symbols byen-dashes; for example, “NiMn” indicatesthe intermetallic compound Ni0.5Mn0.5

whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of somecomposition NixMn1-x.Be aware of the different meanings of

the homophones “affect” (usually a verb)and “effect” (usually a noun),“complement” and “compliment,” “discreet”and “discrete,” “principal” (e.g.,

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“principal investigator”) and “principle”(e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do notconfuse “imply” and “infer.” Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,”

“multi,” and “ultra” are not independentwords; they should be joined to the wordsthey modify, usually without a hyphen.There is no period after the “et” in theLatin abbreviation “et al.” (it is alsoitalicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,”means “that is,” and the abbreviation“e.g.,” means “for example” (theseabbreviations are not italicized).A general IEEE styleguide is available

athttp://www.ieee.org/web/publications/authors/transjnl/index.html

VI. GUIDELINES FOR GRAPHICS PREPARATION AND SUBMISSION

A. Types of GraphicsThe following list outlines the

different types of graphics published inIEEE journals. They are categorized basedon their construction, and use of color /shades of gray:

1) Color/Grayscale figures Figures that are meant to appear incolor, or shades of black/gray. Suchfigures may include photographs, illustrations, multicolor graphs, andflowcharts.

2) Lineart figuresFigures that are composed of only blacklines and shapes. These figures shouldhave no shades or half-tones of gray.Only black and white.

3) Author photosHead and shoulders shots of authorswhich appear at the end of our papers.

4) TablesData charts which are typically black andwhite, but sometimes include color.B. Multipart figuresFigures compiled of more than one sub-

figure presented side-by-side, or stacked.If a multipart figure is made up ofmultiple figure types (one part islineart, and another is grayscale orcolor) the figure should meet the stricterguidelines.

TABLE IUNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES

Symbol Quantity

Conversion from Gaussianand

CGS EMU to SI a

magnetic flux 1 Mx 108 Wb = 108 V·sB magnetic flux

density, magnetic induction

1 G 104 T = 104 Wb/m2

H magnetic field strength

1 Oe 103/(4) A/m

m magnetic moment 1 erg/G = 1 emu 103 A·m2 = 103 J/T

M magnetization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3

103 A/m4M magnetization 1 G 103/(4) A/m specific

magnetization1 erg/(G·g) = 1 emu/g 1 A·m2/kg

j magnetic dipole moment

1 erg/G = 1 emu 4 1010 Wb·m

J magnetic polarization

1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3

4 104 T, susceptibility 1 4 mass

susceptibility1 cm3/g 4 103 m3/kg

permeability 1 4 107 H/m = 4 107 Wb/(A·m)

r relative r

Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of appliedfield. Note that “Fig.” is abbreviated. There is aperiod after the figure number, followed by twospaces. It is good practice to explain thesignificance of the figure in the caption.

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C. File Formats For GraphicsFormat and save your graphics using a

suitable graphics processing program thatwill allow you to create the images asPostScript (PS), Encapsulated PostScript(.EPS), Tagged Image File Format (.TIFF),Portable Document Format (.PDF), orPortable Network Graphics (.PNG) sizesthem, and adjusts the resolution settings.If you created your source files in one ofthe following programs you will be able tosubmit the graphics without converting toa PS, EPS, TIFF, PDF, or PNG file:Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, orMicrosoft Excel. Though it is notrequired, it is recommended that thesefiles be saved in PDF format rather thanDOC, XLS, or PPT. Doing so will protectyour figures from common font and arrowstroke issues that occur when working onthe files across multiple platforms. Whensubmitting your final paper, your graphicsshould all be submitted individually inone of these formats along with themanuscript.D.Sizing of GraphicsMost charts, graphs, and tables are one

column wide (3.5 inches / 88 millimeters /21 picas) or page wide (7.16 inches / 181millimeters / 43 picas). The maximum deptha graphic can be is 8.5 inches (216millimeters / 54 picas). When choosing thedepth of a graphic, please allow space fora caption. Figures can be sized betweencolumn and page widths if the authorchooses, however it is recommended thatfigures are not sized less than columnwidth unless when necessary. There is currently one publication with

column measurements that don’t coincidewith those listed above. PROCEEDINGS OF THEIEEE has a column measurement of 3.25inches (82.5 millimeters / 19.5 picas). The final printed size of author

photographs is exactly 1 inch wide by 1.25 inches tall (25.4millimeters x 31.75 millimeters / 6 picasx 7.5 picas). Author photos printed in

editorials measure 1.59 inches wide by 2inches tall (40 millimeters x 50millimeters / 9.5 picas x 12 picas).E. Resolution The proper resolution of your figures

will depend on the type of figure it is asdefined in the “Types of Figures” section.Author photographs, color, and grayscalefigures should be at least 300dpi.Lineart, including tables should be aminimum of 600dpi.F. Vector ArtWhile IEEE does accept, and even

recommends that authors submit artwork invector format, it is our policy is torasterize all figures for publication.This is done in order to preserve thefigures’ integrity across multiplecomputer platforms.

G. Color SpaceThe term color space refers to the

entire sum of colors that can berepresented within the said medium. Forour purposes, the three main color spacesare Grayscale, RGB (red/green/blue) andCMYK (cyan/magenta/yellow/black). RGB isgenerally used with on-screen graphics,whereas CMYK is used for printingpurposes.All color figures should be generated in

RGB or CMYK color space. Grayscale imagesshould be submitted in Grayscale colorspace. Line art may be provided ingrayscale OR bitmap colorspace. Note that“bitmap colorspace” and “bitmap fileformat” are not the same thing. Whenbitmap color space is selected, .TIF/.TIFFis the recommended file format.

H.Accepted Fonts Within FiguresWhen preparing your graphics IEEE

suggests that you use of one of the following Open Type fonts: Times New Roman, Helvetica, Arial, Cambria, and Symbol. If you are supplying EPS, PS, or PDF files all fonts must be embedded. Some

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fonts may only be native to your operatingsystem; without the fonts embedded, parts of the graphic may be distorted or missing.A safe option when finalizing your

figures is to strip out the fonts before you save the files, creating “outline” type. This converts fonts to artwork what will appear uniformly on any screen.

I. Using Labels Within Figures1) Figure Axis labels Figure axis labels are often a source of

confusion. Use words rather than symbols.As an example, write the quantity“Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,”not just “M.” Put units in parentheses.Do not label axes only with units. As inFig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization(A/m)” or “Magnetization (A ¿ m1),” not just“A/m.” Do not label axes with a ratio ofquantities and units. For example, write“Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.” Multipliers can be especially confusing.

Write “Magnetization (kA/m)” or“Magnetization (103 A/m).” Do not write“Magnetization (A/m) 1000” because thereader would not know whether the top axislabel in Fig. 1 meant 16000 A/m or 0.016A/m. Figure labels should be legible,approximately 8 to 10 point type.

2) Subfigure Labels in Multipart Figures and TablesMultipart figures should be combined and

labeled before final submission. Labelsshould appear centered below eachsubfigure in 8 point Times New Roman fontin the format of (a) (b) (c).

J. File NamingFigures (line artwork or photographs)

should be named starting with the first 5letters of the author’s last name. Thenext characters in the filename should bethe number that represents the sequentiallocation of this image in your article.For example, in author “Anderson’s” paper,the first three figures would be namedander1.tif, ander2.tif, and ander3.ps.Tables should contain only the body of

the table (not the caption) and should benamed similarly to figures, except that‘.t’ is inserted in-between the author’sname and the table number. For example,author Anderson’s first three tables wouldbe named ander.t1.tif, ander.t2.ps,ander.t3.eps.Author photographs should be named using

the first five characters of the picturedauthor’s last name. For example, fourauthor photographs for a paper may benamed: oppen.ps, moshc.tif, chen.eps, andduran.pdf. If two authors or more have the same

last name, their first initial(s) can besubstituted for the fifth, fourth,third... letters of their surname untilthe degree where there is differentiation.For example, two authors Michael andMonica Oppenheimer’s photos would be namedoppmi.tif, and oppmo.eps.

K. Referencing a Figure or Table Within Your PaperWhen referencing your figures and tables

within your paper, use the abbreviation“Fig.” even at the beginning of asentence. Do not abbreviate “Table.”Tables should be numbered with RomanNumerals.L. Checking Your Figures: The IEEE Graphics CheckerThe IEEE Graphics Checker Tool enables

authors to pre-screen their graphics forcompliance with IEEE Transactions andJournals standards before submission. Theonline tool, located athttp://graphicsqc.ieee.org/, allowsauthors to upload their graphics in order

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to check that each file is the correctfile format, resolution, size andcolorspace; that no fonts are missing orcorrupt; that figures are not compiled inlayers or have transparency, and that theyare named according to the IEEETransactions and Journals namingconvention. At the end of this automatedprocess, authors are provided with adetailed report on each graphic within theweb applet, as well as by email.For more information on using the

Graphics Checker Tool or any other graphics related topic,contact the IEEE Graphics Help Desk by e-mail at [email protected].

M. Submitting Your GraphicsBecause IEEE will do the final

formatting of your paper, you do not need to position figures andtables at the top and bottom of eachcolumn. In fact, all figures, figurecaptions, and tables can be placed at theend of your paper. In addition to, or evenin lieu of submitting figures within yourfinal manuscript, figures should besubmitted individually, separate from themanuscript in one of the file formatslisted above in section VI-J. Place figurecaptions below the figures; place tabletitles above the tables. Please do notinclude captions as part of the figures,or put them in “text boxes” linked to thefigures. Also, do not place borders aroundthe outside of your figures.

N. Color Processing / Printing in IEEE JournalsAll IEEE Transactions, Journals, and

Letters allow an author to publish colorfigures on IEEE Xplore® at no charge, andautomatically convert them to grayscalefor print versions. In most journals,figures and tables may alternatively beprinted in color if an author chooses todo so. Please note that this service comesat an extra expense to the author. If youintend to have print color graphics,

include a note with your final paperindicating which figures or tables youwould like to be handled that way, andstating that you are willing to pay theadditional fee.

VII. CONCLUSIONA conclusion section is not required. Although a conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest applications and extensions.

APPENDIXAppendixes, if needed, appear before the

acknowledgment.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe preferred spelling of the word

“acknowledgment” in American English iswithout an “e” after the “g.” Use thesingular heading even if you have manyacknowledgments. Avoid expressions such as“One of us (S.B.A.) would like tothank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Authorthanks ... .” In most cases, sponsor andfinancial support acknowledgments areplaced in the unnumbered footnote on thefirst page, not here.

REFERENCES AND FOOTNOTESA. ReferencesReferences need not be cited in text.

When they are, number citations on theline, in square brackets inside thepunctuation. Multiple references are eachnumbered with separate brackets. Whenciting a section in a book, please givethe relevant page numbers. In text, refersimply to the reference number. Do not use“Ref.” or “reference” except at thebeginning of a sentence: “Reference [3]shows ... .” Please do not use automaticendnotes in Word, rather, type the

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reference list at the end of the paperusing the “References” style.Reference numbers are set flush left and

form a column of their own, hanging outbeyond the body of the reference. Thereference numbers are on the line,enclosed in square brackets. In allreferences, the given name of the authoror editor is abbreviated to the initialonly and precedes the last name. Use themall; use et al. only if names are notgiven. Use commas around Jr., Sr., and IIIin names. Abbreviate conference titles.When citing IEEE transactions, provide theissue number, page range, volume number,year, and/or month if available. Whenreferencing a patent, provide the day andthe month of issue, or application.References may not include allinformation; please obtain and includerelevant information. Do not combinereferences. There must be only onereference with each number. If there is aURL included with the print reference, itcan be included at the end of thereference. Other than books, capitalize only the

first word in a paper title, except forproper nouns and element symbols. Forpapers published in translation journals,please give the English citation first,followed by the original foreign-languagecitation See the end of this document forformats and examples of common references.For a complete discussion of referencesand their formats, see “The IEEE StyleManual,” available as a PDF link off theAuthor Digital Toolbox main page.

A. FootnotesNumber footnotes separately in

superscripts (Insert | Footnote).1 Placethe actual footnote at the bottom of thecolumn in which it is cited; do not put

1It is recommended that footnotes be avoided(except for the unnumbered footnote with the receiptdate on the first page). Instead, try to integratethe footnote information into the text.

footnotes in the reference list(endnotes). Use letters for tablefootnotes (see Table I).

VIII.SUBMITTING YOUR PAPER FOR REVIEWA. Review Stage Using Word 6.0 or HigherIf you want to submit your file with one

column electronically, please do thefollowing:

--First, click on the View menu andchoose Print Layout.

--Second, place your cursor in thefirst paragraph. Go to the Format menu,choose Columns, choose one column Layout,and choose “apply to whole document” fromthe dropdown menu.

--Third, click and drag the rightmargin bar to just over 4 inches in width.The graphics will stay in the “second”

column, but you can drag them to the firstcolumn. Make the graphic wider to push outany text that may try to fill in next tothe graphic.

B. Final Stage Using Word 6.0When you submit your final version

(after your paper has been accepted),print it in two-column format, includingfigures and tables. You must also sendyour final manuscript on a disk, via e-mail, or through a Web manuscriptsubmission system as directed by thesociety contact. You may use Zip for largefiles, or compress files using Compress,Pkzip, Stuffit, or Gzip. Also, send a sheet of paper or PDF with

complete contact information for allauthors. Include full mailing addresses,telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mailaddresses. This information will be usedto send each author a complimentary copyof the journal in which the paper appears.In addition, designate one author as the“corresponding author.” This is the authorto whom proofs of the paper will be sent.Proofs are sent to the corresponding

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author only.

C. Review Stage Using ScholarOne® ManuscriptsContributions to the Transactions,

Journals, and Letters may be submittedelectronically on IEEE’s on-linemanuscript submission and peer-reviewsystem, ScholarOne® Manuscripts. You canget a listing of the publications thatparticipate in ScholarOne athttp://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/authors/authors_submission.html First check if you have an existingaccount. If there is none, please create anew account. After logging in, go to yourAuthor Center and click “Submit FirstDraft of a New Manuscript.”

Along with other information, you willbe asked to select the subject from apull-down list. Depending on the journal,there are various steps to the submissionprocess; you must complete all steps for acomplete submission. At the end of eachstep you must click “Save and Continue”;just uploading the paper is notsufficient. After the last step, youshould see a confirmation that thesubmission is complete. You should alsoreceive an e-mail confirmation. Forinquiries regarding the submission of yourpaper on ScholarOne Manuscripts, pleasecontact [email protected] or call +1732 465 5861.

ScholarOne Manuscripts will acceptfiles for review in various formats.Please check the guidelines of thespecific journal for which you plan tosubmit.

You will be asked to file an electroniccopyright form immediately upon completingthe submission process (authors areresponsible for obtaining any securityclearances). Failure to submit theelectronic copyright could result inpublishing delays later. You will alsohave the opportunity to designate yourarticle as “open access” if you agree topay the IEEE open access fee.

D.Final Stage Using ScholarOne ManuscriptsUpon acceptance, you will receive an

email with specific instructions regardingthe submission of your final files. Toavoid any delays in publication, please besure to follow these instructions. Mostjournals require that final submissions beuploaded through ScholarOne Manuscripts,although some may still accept finalsubmissions via email. Final submissionsshould include source files of youraccepted manuscript, high quality graphicfiles, and a formatted pdf file. If youhave any questions regarding the finalsubmission process, please contact theadministrative contact for the journal.

In addition to this, upload a filewith complete contact information for allauthors. Include full mailing addresses,telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mailaddresses. Designate the author whosubmitted the manuscript on ScholarOneManuscripts as the “corresponding author.”This is the only author to whom proofs ofthe paper will be sent.

E. Copyright FormAn IEEE copyright form should accompany

your final submission. You can get a .pdf,.html, or .doc version athttp://www.ieee.org/copyright. Authors areresponsible for obtaining any securityclearances.

IX. EDITORIAL POLICYSubmission of a manuscript is not

required for participation in aconference. Do not submit a reworkedversion of a paper you have submitted orpublished elsewhere. Do not publish“preliminary” data or results. Thesubmitting author is responsible forobtaining agreement of all coauthors andany consent required from sponsors beforesubmitting a paper. The IEEE Transactionsand Journals Department strongly

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discourages courtesy authorship. It is theobligation of the authors to cite relevantprior work.The IEEE Transactions and Journals

Department does not publish conferencerecords or proceedings. The departmentdoes publish papers related to conferencesthat have been recommended for publicationon the basis of peer review. As a matterof convenience and service to thetechnical community, these topical papersare typically collected and published inone special issue of most transactionspublications.At least two reviews are required for

every paper submitted. For conference-related papers, the decision to accept orreject a paper is made by the conferenceeditors and publications committee; therecommendations of the referees areadvisory only. Indecipherable English is avalid reason for rejection. There is aservice available that will help youimprove your English for a fee, and thelink to that service can be found athttp://www.ieee.org/web/publications/authors/transjnl/index.html . Authors of rejectedpapers may revise and resubmit them asregular papers, whereupon they will bereviewed by two new referees.

X. PUBLICATION PRINCIPLESThe two types of contents of that are

published are; 1) peer-reviewed and 2)archival. The Transactions and JournalsDepartment publishes scholarly articles ofarchival value as well as tutorialexpositions and critical reviews ofclassical subjects and topics of currentinterest. Authors should consider the following

points:1) Technical papers submitted for

publication must advance the state ofknowledge and must cite relevant priorwork.

2) The length of a submitted paper shouldbe commensurate with the importance, orappropriate to the complexity, of thework. For example, an obvious extensionof previously published work might notbe appropriate for publication or mightbe adequately treated in just a fewpages.

3) Authors must convince both peerreviewers and the editors of thescientific and technical merit of apaper; the standards of proof arehigher when extraordinary or unexpectedresults are reported.

4) Because replication is required forscientific progress, papers submittedfor publication must provide sufficientinformation to allow readers to performsimilar experiments or calculations anduse the reported results. Although noteverything need be disclosed, a papermust contain new, useable, and fullydescribed information. For example, aspecimen’s chemical composition neednot be reported if the main purpose ofa paper is to introduce a newmeasurement technique. Authors shouldexpect to be challenged by reviewers ifthe results are not supported byadequate data and critical details.

5) Papers that describe ongoing work orannounce the latest technicalachievement, which are suitable forpresentation at a professionalconference, may not be appropriate forpublication.

REFERENCESBasic format for books:[1] J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in

Title of His Published Book, xth ed. City of Publisher,Country if not

[2] USA: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, ch. x, sec. x,pp. xxx–xxx.

Examples:[3] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial

plastics,” in Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J.

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Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp.15–64.

[4] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont,CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.

Basic format for periodicals:[5] J. K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of

Periodical, vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx-xxx, Abbrev. Month,year.

Examples:[6] J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An

assessment of feasibility,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED-11, no. 1, pp. 34–39, Jan. 1959.

[7] E. P. Wigner, “Theory of traveling-wave opticallaser,” Phys. Rev., vol. 134, pp. A635–A646, Dec. 1965.

[8] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays,” IEEETrans. Antennas Propagat., to be published.

Basic format for reports:[9] J. K. Author, “Title of report,” Abbrev. Name of

Co., City of Co., Abbrev. State, Rep. xxx, year.Examples:[10]E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter,

“Oxygen absorption in the earth’s atmosphere,”Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1988.

[11]J. H. Davis and J. R. Cogdell, “Calibrationprogram for the 16-foot antenna,” Elect. Eng.Res. Lab., Univ. Texas, Austin, Tech. Memo. NGL-006-69-3, Nov. 15, 1987.

Basic format for handbooks:[12] Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of

Co., City of Co., Abbrev. State, year, pp. xxx-xxx.

Examples:[13]Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed.,

Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985,pp. 44–60.

[14]Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, MotorolaSemiconductor Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989.

Basic format for books (when available online): [15]Author. (year, month day). Title. (edition) [Type

of medium]. volume (issue). Available: site/path/fileExample:[16]J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks. (2nd ed.)

[Online]. Available: http://www.atm.com

Basic format for journals (when available online):[17]Author. (year, month). Title. Journal. [Type of

medium]. volume (issue), pages. Available:site/path/file

Example:[18]R. J. Vidmar. (1992, Aug.). On the use of

atmospheric plasmas as electromagneticreflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3),

pp. 876–880. Available:http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03-vidmar

Basic format for papers presented at conferences (whenavailable online): [19]Author. (year, month). Title. Presented at

Conference title. [Type of Medium].Available: site/path/file

Example:[20]PROCESS Corp., MA. Intranets: Internet

technologies deployed behind the firewall forcorporate productivity. Presented at INET96 Annual Meeting. [Online]. Available:htt p ://ho m e.p r ocess. c o m /Int r anets/ w p 2 .h t p

Basic format for reports and handbooks (whenavailable online): [21] Author. (year, month). Title. Comp an y .

C ity, State or Country. [Type of Medium].Available: site/path/file

Example:[22] S. L. Tall een. (1996 , Apr . ).

The In t r an et Archi -tecture: M anagi ng i n f o rm at i on i n t h e ne wparadigm. Amdahl Corp., CA. [Online]. Available:http://www.amdahl.com/doc/products/bsg/intra/infra/html

Basic format for computer programs and electronic documents (when available online): ISO recommends that capitalization follow the accepted practice for the language or script in which the information is given.

Example:[23] A. Harriman. (1993, June). Compendium of

genealogical software. Humanist. [Online].Available e-mail: [email protected] Message: getGENEALOGY REPORT

Basic format for patents (when available online):[24]Name of the invention, by inventor’s name.

(year, month day). Patent Number [Type of medium].Available: site/path/file

Example:[25] Musical toothbrush with adjustable neck and

mirror, by L.M.R. Brooks. (1992, May 19). Patent D326 189[Online]. Available: NEXIS Library: LEXPAT File:DESIGN

Basic format for conference proceedings (published):[26] J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name

of Conf., City of Conf., Abbrev. State (if given),year, pp. xxxxxx.

Example:[27]D. B. Payne and J. R. Stern, “Wavelength-

switched pas- sively coupled single-mode optical

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network,” in Proc. IOOC-ECOC, 1985, pp. 585–590.

Example for papers presented at conferences (unpublished):[28]D. Ebehard and E. Voges, “Digital single

sideband detection for interferometric sensors,”presented at the 2nd Int. Conf. Optical FiberSensors, Stuttgart, Germany, Jan. 2-5, 1984.

Basic format for patents:[29]J. K. Author, “Title of patent,” U.S. Patent x

xxx xxx, Abbrev. Month, day, year.Example:[30]G. Brandli and M. Dick, “Alternating current fed

power supply,” U.S. Patent 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978.

Basic format for theses (M.S.) and dissertations (Ph.D.):[31]J. K. Author, “Title of thesis,” M.S. thesis,

Abbrev. Dept., Abbrev. Univ., City of Univ.,Abbrev. State, year.

[32]J. K. Author, “Title of dissertation,” Ph.D.dissertation, Abbrev. Dept., Abbrev. Univ., Cityof Univ., Abbrev. State, year.

Examples:[33]J. O. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer,” Ph.D.

dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ.,Cambridge, MA, 1993.

[34]N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal andchemical nonequilibrium nozzle flow,” M.S.thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka Univ.,Osaka, Japan, 1993.

Basic format for the most common types of unpublished references:[35]J. K. Author, private communication, Abbrev.

Month, year.[36]J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” unpublished.[37]J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” to be published.Examples:[38]A. Harrison, private communication, May 1995.[39]B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear

forms,” unpublished.[40]A. Brahms, “Representation error for real

numbers in binary computer arithmetic,” IEEEComputer Group Repository, Paper R-67-85.

Basic format for standards:[41]Title of Standard, Standard number, date.Examples:[42]IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems,

IEEE Standard 308, 1969.[43]Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard

Y10.5-1968.

First A. Author (M’76–SM’81–F’87) and the other authors

may include biographies at the end ofregular papers. Biographies are often notincluded in conference-related papers.This author became a Member (M) of IEEE in1976, a Senior Member (SM) in 1981, and aFellow (F) in 1987. The first paragraphmay contain a place and/or date of birth(list place, then date). Next, theauthor’s educational background is listed.The degrees should be listed with type ofdegree in what field, which institution,city, state, and country, and year thedegree was earned. The author’s majorfield of study should be lower-cased. The second paragraph uses the pronoun of

the person (he or she) and not theauthor’s last name. It lists military andwork experience, including summer andfellowship jobs. Job titles arecapitalized. The current job must have alocation; previous positions may be listedwithout one. Information concerningprevious publications may be included. Trynot to list more than three books orpublished articles. The format for listingpublishers of a book within the biographyis: title of book (city, state: publishername, year) similar to a reference.Current and previous research interestsend the paragraph.The third paragraph begins with the

author’s title and last name (e.g., Dr.Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms.Hunter). List any memberships inprofessional societies other than theIEEE. Finally, list any awards and workfor IEEE committees and publications. Ifa photograph is provided, the biographywill be indented around it. The photographis placed at the top left of thebiography, and should be of good quality,professional-looking, and black and white(see above example). Personal hobbies willbe deleted from the biography. Followingare two examples of an author’s biography.

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Second B. Author was born inGreenwich Village, New YorkCity, in 1977. He receivedthe B.S. and M.S. degrees inaerospace engineering fromthe University of Virginia,Charlottesville, in 2001 and

the Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineeringfrom Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA,in 2008. From 2001 to 2004, he was a ResearchAssistant with the Princeton PlasmaPhysics Laboratory. Since 2009, he hasbeen an Assistant Professor with theMechanical Engineering Department, TexasA&M University, College Station. He is theauthor of three books, more than 150articles, and more than 70 inventions. Hisresearch interests include high-pressureand high-density nonthermal plasmadischarge processes and applications,microscale plasma discharges, dischargesin liquids, spectroscopic diagnostics,plasma propulsion, and innovation plasmaapplications. He is an Associate Editor ofthe journal Earth, Moon, Planets, and holdstwo patents. Mr. Author was a recipient of theInternational Association of Geomagnetismand Aeronomy Young Scientist Award forExcellence in 2008, the IEEEElectromagnetic Compatibility Society BestSymposium Paper Award in 2011, and theAmerican Geophysical Union OutstandingStudent Paper Award in Fall 2005.

Third C. Author, Jr. (M’87) received theB.S. degree in mechanical engineering fromNational Chung Cheng University, Chiayi,Taiwan, in 2004 and the M.S. degree inmechanical engineering from National TsingHua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, in 2006.He is currently pursuing the Ph.D. degreein mechanical engineering at Texas A&MUniversity, College Station. From 2008 to 2009, he was a ResearchAssistant with the Institute of Physics,Academia Sinica, Tapei, Taiwan. Hisresearch interest includes the developmentof surface processing andbiological/medical treatment techniquesusing nonthermal atmospheric pressureplasmas, fundamental study of plasmasources, and fabrication of micro- ornanostructured surfaces. Mr. Author’s awards and honors includethe Frew Fellowship (Australian Academy ofScience), the I. I. Rabi Prize (APS), theEuropean Frequency and Time Forum Award,the Carl Zeiss Research Award, the WilliamF. Meggers Award and the Adolph Lomb Medal(OSA).

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