Training structure 20.05.2015 Safety and good quality work Module 1: Knowledge about Ebola Virus Disease Support from the community Support from the hospital.

Training structure

20.05.2015

Safety and good quality work

Module 1: Knowledge about Ebola Virus Disease

Support from the communitySupport from the hospital administrationSupport from the population

Module 3:

Standard pre-cautions

Module 2:

Community response

Module 6:

Water, disinfection and cleaning

Module 5:

Personal protective equipment

Module 4:

Triage & isolation

EFFO Ebola

Standard precautions Module 3

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Learning objectives module 3

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General objectiveTo be able to apply the standard precautions: they are the foundation for the prevention of hospital-acquired infections

Specific objectives1. To be able to implement good practices for hand-washing2. To be able to put on and remove gloves without the risk of

contamination3. To know how and when to clean surfaces4. To know how to practice respiratory hygiene5. To know how to handle pointed and sharp-edged objects

Discussion about good practices

• Dangerous germs are prevalent in health facilities• Germs can easily be spread by hand contact• How to avoid contamination ?

Ebola and many other infections are transmitted by contact. Good practices are the foundation for the prevention of hospital-acquired infections.

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How to avoid contamination

Wear gloves.

Wash and disinfect your hands.

Standard precautions

Touch as few objects as possible.

Clean surfaces.

Avoid accidents.

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Carry out respiratory hygiene.

General behaviour – Touch as few objects as possible

RKI

R. Ellwanger

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General behaviour – Examples

Behaviour in a hospital:• Avoid touching your face with your hands.• Do not share a bottle.• Put your name on your bottle.• Wash your hands before meals (do not dry them on

a towel which has already been used).• Check your clothes (wear closed-toe shoes, change

your clothes if necessary).

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Make sure your hands are clean

Gloves and clean hands are essential- To protect yourself ;- To protect your colleagues ;- To protect your patients ;- To protect other people.

Keep your hands clean by: - Washing them with soap and water ;- Using standard disinfectants ;- Wearing gloves.

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How to wash hands

Source: OMS

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Hand care

The frequent use of soap and disinfectants may irritate the skin and make hands dry :

→ Hands need to be cared for regularly.→ Use hand cream.

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Skin which is in good condition is a very important natural barrier.

Practical exercise : hand washing

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MI

Now let’s put this into practice !

Wearing gloves to protect your hands

• If available, use gloves :- They act as an additional barrier- They protect the skin of your hands

• Practise putting on and removing gloves to improve protection and avoid contamination

• Gloves should be changed regularly !

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How to put on gloves

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Source: OMS

How to remove gloves

Aim : be aware of the soiled parts and avoid contamination ! Do not touch the skin with the soiled parts (red).

Practise this technique.

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Source: RKI/IBBS

Removing gloves

After removing your gloves, disinfect or wash your hands !

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RKI

Practical exercise : Using gloves

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MI

RKI

Now let’s put this into practice !

RKI

RKI

What to do if there are not enough gloves

• In general, do not use the same gloves for different activities.

• When you cannot change gloves after treating a patient, disinfect the gloves (for example, with 0.5 % bleach).

• Watch out ! Gloves may become porous depending on the disinfectant used, the number of times the gloves have been disinfected, and what the gloves are made of.

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What to do if there are no gloves

Try to avoid direct patient contact. If this is not possible :→Wash your hands by rubbing them

together with a standard hand disinfectant or wash them with soap and water before and after contact with each patient.

→Care for the skin of your hands in order to protect the natural barrier (avoid the development of small lesions).

→Avoid touching dirty surfaces.

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Cleaning surfaces

• Clean and disinfect as quickly as possible (everyone !) : any surface or object contaminated with blood,

body fluids, secretions or excretions• At least once a day, clean with water and

detergent : Floors and horizontal work surfaces Let the surfaces dry naturally before using them

again• Use the appropriate disinfectant.• Be meticulous, critical and alert !

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Cleaning – Attention !

• First clean ; then disinfect • Always start cleaning in the ‘cleanest’ places

and ending with the ‘dirtiest’ places

• Never sweep or clean without using liquids or dampened materials

• Cloths containing dust must not be shaken

• Change the cleaning solutions frequently throughout the day

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Respiratory hygiene

People who present with respiratory problems should take the following precautions :

• When you cough or sneeze, cover your nose and mouth with a paper tissue or a mask.

• Spit into a disposable tissue.• Throw away used tissues and masks.• If there are no paper tissues, cough or sneeze into your elbow or

upper arm.• Wash or disinfect your hands after touching respiratory

secretions.• Examine patients in a well-ventilated room (with good air

circulation).

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Prevention of accidents

• Accidents associated with pointed objects are a major problem.

Risks are greatest if barbed or sharp objects are used :

• when a patient is agitated.• when the barbed or sharp object is not

correctly packaged.

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Prevention of accidents

HOW TO AVOID ACCIDENTS

• Wear closed-toe shoes.• Make as few venipunctures and laboratory

tests as possible.• Ask for help when a patient is agitated and

intervention is absolutely necessary.• Never forget that your own protection is the

most important !

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Management of pointed or sharp objects

• Be very careful when using pointed or sharp objects :

• Never put the cap back on a used needle• Never point the tip of a used needle towards a

part of the body or your assistant• Avoid twisting, breaking or manipulating used

needles in any way

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Management of pointed or sharp objects

• Disposal of pointed or sharp objects such as syringes, needles, scalpel blades, etc.

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• Throw these objects into suitable, puncture-proof waste containers.

• Place these containers as close as possible to where these objects are being used.

• Never carry these objects in your hands.

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Standard precautions : key messages I

Wear gloves. They are additional protection and are a natural barrier to germs. Where there is a risk of Ebola, they are compulsory !

Touch as little as possible to avoid the spread of germs and contamination.Wash or disinfect your hands. Clean hands are the foundation of good practices and are the most important means of protection.

Clean surfaces.

Avoid accidents.Needles are especially dangerous.

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Carry out respiratory hygiene.

Standard precautions : key messages II

Standard precautions should be applied

• To all patients, regardless of their infection status

• At all times • By all hospital staff.

They are vital to protect the health of patients, hospital staff and the community.

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Thank you for your attention !

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