Training Report METRO-LINK EXPRESS FOR GANDHINAGAR AND AHMEDABAD (MEGA)
Training Report METRO-LINK EXPRESS FOR GANDHINAGAR AND AHMEDABAD (MEGA)
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Training Detail:
Duration: 24 Days
From: 8th Dec 2016
To: 31st Dec 2016
Training Schedule:
Safety Training: 8th Dec 2016 to 10th Dec 2016
Piling: 11th Dec 2016 to 12th Dec 2016
Section-1 : 13th Dec 2016 to 16th Dec 2016
Casting Yard: 17th Dec 2016 to 20th Dec 2016
Launching: 21th Dec 2016 to 24th Dec 2016
Section-2 : 25th Dec 2016 to 28th Dec 2016
Quality Control: 29th Dec 2016 to 31st Dec 2016
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Student Details:
Student Name Enrollment
Parth H. Pandya 140070106064
Vivek D. Savaliya 140070106097
Jayesh H. Tada 140070106109
Hiren R. Thakkar 140070106115
College : Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidhyalaya,
Vallabh Vidhyanagar, Gujarat
Branch: Civil Engineering Department
Semester: 5th Semester (3rd Year)
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Content:
1. Introduction
2. About J Kumar Infraprojects Ltd.
3. About Metro-Link Express For Gandhinagar and
Ahmedabad (MEGA)
4. Safety Training
5. Piling
6. Pile Cap
7. Pier
8. Pier Cap
9. Crash Barrier
10. Casting Yard
11. Launching
12. Parapet
13. Portal Frame
14. Box Culvert
15. Quality Control
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INTRODUCTION
This is a report of our Training at J Kumar Infraprojects Ltd. In the
construction of Metro Rail at Ahmedabad i.e. MEGA. We have
undergone training for 24 days and has taken training successfully.
During the training we have learned various things about construction,
technology, methodology, planning, designing, etc.
This report gives the brief summary of what we have learnt during this
internship in section wise.
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ABOUT J KUMAR INFRAPROJECTS LTD.
J Kumar Infraprojects Ltd. origin dates back to the year 1980. From the
modest beginning, the company, in a span of 28yrs has grown into a
full-fledged Infraprojects company of the country. Competing brick by
brick, stroke by stroke with all the leading Infraprojects giants of the
region. One has to see to believe the rate of growth. Or have our eyes
closed and let dreams do the talking.
J. Kumar Infraprojects Ltd. has got experience of various road works in
busy city area, both in concrete pavement and flexible pavements. We
have successfully completed work of swimming pool of international
standard along with allied sports complex involving complicated long
span structural buildings with latest modern specification at Goregaon
Sport Club. We are having experience of earthen dam with gorge
filling, Tail channel, Spillways, Canal work, Aqueducts in Irrigation
Department. We are having experience of Multi-storied Building
Construction, Mass Housing etc. We have successfully completed the
New Terminus Building at Bandra for Western Railway. We have also
executed Commercial Building “Goldline Business Center” at Malad
Mumbai. Now we have concentrated on bridge work, flyover and sub-
ways.
Company have Secured orders for Construction of 19 Skywalks in
Mumbai costing Rs.567.00 crores from MMRDA and MSRDC. Out of
this, seven skywalks are completed and opened for public, 4 Nos of
Skywalks have been dropped by Client and work on remaining
skywalks are at various stages of completion. We have secured order
for one major Skywalk (Partly cable stayed) at Kharghar from CIDCO
and the work is also nearing completion.
Company have now entered in the work of Metro Railway project.
Recently we have secured orders for one metro project for CIDCO at
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Navi Mumbai and another Metro project at New Delhi CC-02 for Delhi
Metro Railway Corporation and both the works are in progress.
The Company has executed a number of Buildings and Flyover works
and other Infrastructure Projects with Pile Foundation since its
inception. From 2007 the Company has created one separate piling
division under the overall control of one of the Directors.
J Kumar Infraprojects Limited is having now more than 175 Engineers
in its Roll. All these Engineers are well qualified with Post Graduation,
Engineering Degree Diploma holders with experience of 2 to 30 years
in Infrastructural projects
The Main strength of the company is our dedicated and well
experienced Engineers, Technicians and other staff members and the
availability of a large fleet of most modern plants, equipments and
machineries under the guidance of expert management.
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ABOUT METRO-LINK EXPRESS FOR
GANDHINAGAR AND AHMEDABAD (MEGA)
Metro-Link Express for Gandhinagar and Ahmedabad (MEGA)
Company Ltd
Ahmedabad – Gandhinagar Metro rail project is being promoted with the objective of providing safe, fast and eco-friendly transportation services to the public at affordable rates while simultaneously reducing the congestion on the roads. The metro rail project will promote integration with AMTS, BRTS, Railways and other modes of public transit system.
Very responsive State Government and progressive leadership Relatively flat terrain Use of state of the art technology Minimum land acquisition Majority elevated track
MEGA is committed to deliver World Class state-of-art technology most cost efficient metro within the shortest time span possible in the country.
The proposed metro will have majorly elevated structure, ballast-less tracks, air-conditioned coaches, GPS based rail tracking system, train destination indicators & stations with support infrastructure like automated fare collection, parking facilities, etc.
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SAFETY TRAINING Safety is defines as the condition of being protected from or
unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury.
Safety is first for our self, then our family, later our colleague and
lastly of equipments.
Safety equipments are as follow-
o Helmet
o reflective jacket
o Safety shoes.
Safety belt is required when you work at height of 1.8mtr or
higher
Helmet protects our head from any falling objects or hanging
object at site.
Reflective jacket protects us by giving the machine operator the
idea of our presence.
Safety shoes protect our feet by falling objects, bars, sharp
objects, etc.
Before using any machine for work, it is checked properly from
all different aspects for avoiding any accident.
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PILING Pile is the member of structure which is below the ground level
which provides proper stabilization to the structure and
distributes the load of structure into the ground.
Piling work is carried out by piling machine.
First piling point is obtained and marked by surveying.
Then auger boring is carried out up to the depth of 3m to 4m
and diameter of 1.3m.
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Then casing is inserted which is a cylinder of depth 4m and
internal diameter of 1.22m.
Centering of casing is carried out by 2 point method.
Then further the excavation is carried out by soil bucket.
During excavation work, water mixed with polymer (780 gm in
1000 ltr) is filled inside hole to stop surrounding ground surface
from collapsing.
Properties required for polymer are as follow:
o Density- 1.01 to 1.04
o Viscosity- 55 to 65 sec for fresh water and 65 to 140 sec for
retained water
o PH value- 9 to 11.
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After excavating up to 30m from cut off level, steel cage is
inserted.
Sonic pipe is also tied to pile cage for sounding test to determine
or cross check the depth of pile.
Later on concreting is carried out with the help of hopper.
Concreting is done up to 1.2m upwards from the cut off level.
Concrete of grade m35 is used in piling work.
Concrete is then allowed to get settle.
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PILE CAP
A pile cap is a thick concrete mat that rests on concrete or
timber piles that have been driven into soft or unstable ground
to provide a suitable stable foundation. It usually forms part of
the foundation of a building, typically a multi-story building,
structure or support base for heavy equipment.
Pile cap mainly transfers the load of structure uniformly into n
nos. of piles.
Around 5 to 7 piles are tied with the help of pile cap depending
on the design.
Pile cap is attached to piles below and pier on upward side.
It divides the load coming from pier equally into piles.
Earthing coming from pier is also connected to the earthing into
pile.
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For making pile cap, earth is excavated up to the cut off level and
extra concrete is also removed from that of pile.
Then a layer of 100mm of ppc is made at the cut off level.
Then steel framing is carried out from reinfoecment bars as per
the given design and shape.
This is tied up with the reinforcement bars of piles which are
coming out upto 1.2m and also with the bars of piers and crash
barrier.
This cage takes around min of 14 days to get prepared for
concreting.
Then concreting is carried out in pile cap.
Concrete is then watered and allowed to settle up to 3 to 4 days.
Ht and other dimensions.
Pile cap has height near about 1.8m
Curing time of pile cap near about within 28 days
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PIER
Pier is a vertical structure in a bridge which transfers all load
from superstructure to the pile cap which in turn to piles.
Piers are places at various distance based on site condition
various as 22m, 25m, 28m, 31m.
Piers have different height which is 15 to 25m.
For removal of the rain water from the top of the bridge to the
ground level so there is provide drainage pipe in center of the
pier
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This is directly connected to pier cap at up and provide open
hole at 13.27cm
Which have diameter of 220cm.
Casting of pier is done at the site which is done in 2-3 parts as
per height of pier.
Pier is basically two type which are oblong pier and circular pier.
Oblong pier have dimension around 2.7m maximum length and
1.3m minimum length.
Reinforcement of oblong pier extra reinforcement is provided by
16mm dia bars in square pattern inside the 32mm dia bars.
At drainage pipe location of 16mm dia bars is used at outer layer
of pier and other location it is of 32mm dia.
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PIER CAP
The upper or bearing part of a bridge pier; usually made of
concrete or hard stone; designed to distribute concentrated
loads evenly over the area of the pier which is called pier cap.
First of all around pier collar is attached to pier at top of the pier
Pier cap is divided in to two type
Simply supported pier cap
Cantilever pier cap
In cantilever pier cap reinforcement of pier is done on field
(post process)
In simply supported pier cap reinforcement is done in steel yard
(pre process)
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Cantilever pier cap is used when the some area is not allowed to
construct the pier.
Center alignment of span is maintained due to the cantilever pier
cap.
When reinforcement is completed put the shutter of pier cap on
the top of the pier.
There is two type of shutter
SPD- Shutter placed as dimensional drawing
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SPR- Shutter placed as reinforcement drawing
Simply supported pier cap has design of hongs which is have
shape of curve at both end side of pier cap.
For better aesthetic view of bridge there is provide on the
bottom of the pier cap is hongs.
When shuttering is completed then concreting by concrete
machine which have large concrete pump.
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CRASH BARRIER
To keep property and pedestrians safe, various types of vehicle
crash barriers are required for many types of locations. The
materials and applications can vary greatly, with a wide range of
designs and configurations depending on the requirements of
the installation space.
There are several types
of traffic post
functions available to
meet the needs of a
specific application,
including fixed,
removable, and
collapsible designs that
depend on the level of security and accessibility required.
However, choosing the right post for your application may not
be the simplest task, but consulting experts in the industry will
help your property meet the industry’s safety standards.
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CASTING YARD
Any object that has been cast in a mold. The object may be made
of iron,steel, plaster, concrete, plastic, or any other
castable material
Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is
usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the
desired shape, and then allowed to solidify. The solidified part is
also known as a casting, which is ejected or broken out of the
mold to complete the process.
There are two types of casting segement:
Long bed segment
short bed segment
Steps of casting segment
1.Reinforcement
2.Profiling
3.Earthing
4.Final concreting
http://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/mold.htmlhttp://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/iron.htmlhttp://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/steel.htmlhttp://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/plaster.htmlhttp://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/concrete.htmlhttp://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/plastic.htmlhttp://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/material.htmlhttp://www.dictionaryofconstruction.com/definition/material.htmlhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufacturinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mold_(manufacturing)
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There two types of bridge construction segments
1.Box girder(height > 1.2m)
2.I girder(height < 1.2m)
In casting yard the box girder is constructed
I gurder is constructed in site at section 2
There are two types of box girder at site
1.pier end segment(S1)
2.intermediate segment(S2,S3,S4---)
Cost of one segment of casting is around 5-5.5 lakh
Weight of pier end segment is 50 tonne and intermediate
segment 40-45 tonne
Total Concrete used in constructing in one segment is depends
on volume of cage
The number of tendon is vary as per length of span to 3-5
The grade of concrete used in constructing in the segment is
M50
Alignment of segment between two pier is
S1 - S2 – S3 – S4 – S5 – S4A – S3A –S2A – S1A
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LAUNCHING
Auto launcher is machine which is used to lift the segment and
placed on the pier to prepare whole span between two pier.
There are two types of launching
o Segment launching (auto launcher)
o Parapet launching (U launcher)
Process of launching
o Construction of trussel
o Lifting of auto launcher using trussel
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o Lifting of segment using auto launcher
o Dry matching
o Gluing
o Post tensing of cabel
o Grouting
Auto launcher is used in process of launching
Auto launcher is divided in 8 boxes which have total 72 meter
length
It have total 4 supports
o Front support
o Middle support
o Rear support
o Rear trolley support
Segment is lifted with the help of
maclloyed bar.auto launching
movement is done with the help
of power pact. hydralic pressure is
used in power pact.
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PARAPET
A parapet is a barrier which is an extension of the wall at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony, walkway or other structure. Where extending above a roof, a parapet may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a fire wall or party wall.
Parapets were originally used to defend buildings from military attack, but today they are primarily used as guard rails and to prevent the spread of fires.
Parapets may be plain, embattled, perforated or panelled, which are not mutually exclusive terms.
Plain parapets are upward extensions of the wall, sometimes with a coping at the top and corbel below.
Embattled parapets may be panelled, but are pierced, if not purely as stylistic device, for the discharge of defensive projectiles.
Perforated parapets are pierced in various designs such as circles, trefoils, or quatrefoils.
Panelled parapets are ornamented by a series of panels, either oblong or square, and more or less enriched, but not perforated. These are common in theDecorated and Perpendicular periods.
Parapets on bridges and other highway structures (such as retaining walls) prevent users from falling off where there is a drop.[3] They may also be meant to restrict views, to prevent rubbish passing below, and to act as noise barriers.
Bridge parapets may be made from any material, but structural steel, aluminium, timber and reinforced concrete are common. They may be of solid or framed construction.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battlementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coping_(architecture)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corbelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trefoilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quatrefoilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornament_(architecture)https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/oblonghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Gothic_architecturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Gothic_architecture#Perpendicular_Gothichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapet#cite_note-flickr-3
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PORTAL FRAME
Portal frame construction is a method of building and designing
structures, primarily using steel or steel-reinforced
precast concrete although they can also be constructed using
laminated timber such as glulam.
The connections between the columns and the rafters are
designed to be moment-resistant, i.e. they can carry bending
forces.
Portal frames are designed for the following loads:
roof load
wind load
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While designing, care should be taken for proper
joints
foundation
bracing
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If the joints at B, C, and D are not rigid, they will "open up" and the frame will be unstable when subjected to loads. This is the pack of cards effect.
Vertical loading results in A and E pushed outwards. If the foundation cannot resist horizontal push, outward movement will occur and the frame will lose strength.
Wind subjects the frame to uplift forces. Overturning forces on the sides and ends of the building. Drag forces on the roof and sides.
These destabilizing forces are resisted essentially by the weight of the building and in this regard, the foundations contribute significantly to this weight. The foundations are regarded as the building's anchors.
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BOX CULVERT
Box culverts are the ideal solution for most forms of culvert or road underpass. The proven strength and durability of our precast concrete box culverts ensure the long term service life requirements are easily met without the complex maintenance issues associated with steel culverts.
They are quick and easy to install thereby ensuring that there is a minimum of disruption caused to the users of the road.
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QUALITY CONTROL
Standard Penetration Tests
o This is a field test to determine “penetration resistance of
stratum at the test depth”. This was conducted in the
boreholes at 1.5 to 3.0 m intervals generally up to refusal or
up to termination depth (at locations where refusal
stratum was not encountered) using procedures described
in IS: 2131.
o Sampler of length 60cm is driven by dropping 63.5 kg
hammer on top of driving collar with free fall of 75 cm.
o Sampler was first driven through 15 cm as ”Seating drive”.
It was further driven through 30 cm.
o Number of blows required to drive the sampler for 30 cm
beyond seating drive was termed as “Penetration
Resistance, “N”. Where full penetration of 30cm was not
possible (refusal conditions), blows and corresponding
penetration was recorded.
Grain Size Analysis
o The Grain Size Analysis of different samples collected from
boreholes were done as per IS: 2720(part IV).
Atterberg’s Limits
o The liquid limit and plastic limit were conducted as per IS:
2720(part V) on soil samples.
Field Density and Moisture Content
o The Undisturbed Soil Samples were tested for field density
and moisture content as per IS: 2720(part II).
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Specific Gravity
o The soil samples were tested for specific gravity as per IS:
2720(part III).
Direct Shear Test
o The undisturbed soil samples were tested for direct shear
tests.
Chemical Analysis of Soil
o Chemical analysis of soil samples were conducted for PH,
Sulphates (ppm) and for Chloride (ppm).
Chemical Analysis of Water
o Chemical analysis of soil samples were conducted for PH,
Sulphates (ppm) and for Chloride (ppm).
Rock Test Analysis
o Rock samples were collected from the bore holes and
tested for water absorption, porosity and dry density.