Traffic Administration and Law Enforcement Presentation

TRAFFIC ADMINISTRATION

AND LAW ENFORCEMENT

PI EDGARDO V LIM

TRAFFIC- is the movement of pedestrians and vehicles on the roadway from their points of destination.

ADMINISTRATION- stands for:• Planning• Organizing• Staffing• Directing

• Coordinating• Reporting• Budgeting

TRAFFIC ADMINISTRATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT

5’Es of Traffic1. Education- Plan, direct, conduct and evaluate

safety education and public information campaign.


2. Engineering - takes charge all traffic problems with a view to facilitate smooth flow of traffic.

3. Enforcement - action taken by the police to compel the obedience to traffic laws and ordinances.4. Enactment - legislation of laws, rules, regulations and ordinances related to transport and traffic.5. Environment - implement and enforce RA 8749 the Clean and Air Act of 1999.

Why do people violate traffic?Some of the reasons why people violate

traffic laws are:


•Physical disabilities or infirmities;•Ignorance of traffic laws;•Mental disorders;•Lack of training and experience;•Wrong attitudes towards driving, risk taking, enforcement and traffic laws;•Closeness to power which causes them to be habitual violator; and•Drivers of PUV’s for increase compensation or commission.

Why is Philippine Traffic like this?


1. Undisciplined drivers;2. Lack of discipline of pedestrians and

commuters using the roads and public transportation system;

3. The lack of knowledge of road rules and regulations due to laxity and efficiency of the information/education process;

4. Question of volume and space;5. Ineffective and corruption-ridden traffic law

enforcement;6. Badly planned, designed and constructed

roads and streets with no provisions whatsoever for future expansion;

7. No provisions in our laws for compulsory banning the operation and phasing out of old, unroadworthy vehicles.

Traffic Administration in the Philippines is being under taken by a number of agencies of the government sector both

civilian and the military organization. The major agencies that work in concert to bring about safety and orderly movement of

people and goods of our highways are as follows:


1.Department of Transportation and Communication (DOTC)

This department is the primary policy, planning, programming, coordinating, implementing, regulating and administrative entity of the executive branch of the government in the promotion, development, regulation of a dependable and coordinated network of transportation and communication.





2. Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)

This department is charged with the responsibility of management of roads to include the construction, maintenance and repair roads.





3. Land Transportation Office (LTO)

This agency is responsible for drivers and conductors licensing, motor vehicle registration, including the enforcement of vehicle standards, rules of driving the enforcement of traffic laws, rules and regulations.





4. Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board (LTFRB)

This agency created under DOTC has a quasi-judicial powers and functions, and connection with its authority to grant franchise and regulations of all public utility motor vehicle including enforcement of the Public Service Law (CA 146).





5. Local Government Units (LGU’s)

Some Local Government Units create Traffic Management Authority an office which is designated and authorized to perform traffic engineering, education and enforcement activities.

Future Directions: LGU and Devolution


•Power to appoint/remove officials•Power to broaden sources of revenue•Right to proceeds, from national wealth•Right to group, consolidate, coordinate commonly beneficial efforts and resources. Other benefits….•Improved coordination of national policies and programs•Technical and material assistance from national government

More Powers, authority, resources and responsibility

REGULATORY FUNCTIONS OF LGU’S (MUNICIPALITY) IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL

TRAFFIC


Par vi. Sub-sec. 3, Sec. 458, Art. Three, Chap. 3 of RA 7160: The Local Government Code of 1991 provides.

“ Regulate the use of streets, avenues, alleys, sidewalks, bridges, parks and other public places and approve the construction, improvement, repair and maintenance of the same, establish bus and vehicle stops and terminals or regulate the use of the same by privately-owned vehicles which serve the public; regulate garages and the operation of conveyances for hire; designate stands to be occupied by public vehicles when no is used regulate the putting up of signs, signposts, awning posts on the streets and provide for the lighting, cleaning and sprinkling of streets and public places.”

REGULATORY FUNCTIONS OF LGU’S (MUNICIPALITY) IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL

TRAFFIC


Par. Vi, Sub-sec. 5, Sec. 458, Art. Three, Chap. 3 of RA 7160: The Local Government Code of 1991 provides,

“Regulate traffic on all streets and bridges, prohibit the putting up of encroachments or obstacles thereon. And, when necessary in the interest of public welfare, authorize the removal of encroachments and illegal construction in public places.

REGULATORY FUNCTIONS OF LGU’S (CITY) IN THE ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL TRAFFIC


Par vi, Sub-sec. 3, Sec. 558. Art. Three, Chap. 3 of RA 7160: The Local Government Code of 1991 provides,

“Subject to the guidelines prescribed by the Department of Transportation and Communications, regulate the operation of tricycles and grant franchises for the operation thereof within the territorial jurisdiction of the city”.



Par vi, Sub-sec. 5, Sec. 558. Art. Three, Chap. 3 of RA 7160: The Local Government Code of 1991 provides,

“ Regulate the use of streets, avenues, alleys, sidewalks, bridges, parks and other public places and approve the construction, improvement, repair and maintenance of the same, establish bus and vehicle stops and terminals or regulate the use of the same by privately-owned vehicles which serve the public; regulate garages and the operation of conveyances for hire; designate stands to be occupied by public vehicles when no is used regulate the putting up of signs, signposts, awning posts on the streets and provide for the lighting, cleaning and sprinkling of streets and public places.”



Par. Vi, Sub-sec. 5, Sec. 458, Art. Three, Chap. 3 of RA 7160: The Local Government Code of 1991 provides,

“Regulate traffic on all streets and bridges, prohibit the putting up of encroachments or obstacles thereon. And, when necessary in the interest of public welfare, authorize the removal of encroachments and illegal construction in public places”.

Future Direction: Local Development Council


City Mayor

Transport Committee

Sectoral Committees Others

All district headsChair-Committee on

AppropriationsCongressman or RepresentativeNon Government Organizations

Secretariat

Executive Committee

Future Direction: Transport Management Unit


Traffic Management & Control Board

Traffic Management &

Operations Section

Transport Planning &

Mgmt. Section

Engineering Section

Law Enforcement

Section

Administrative Section

Traffic Management Center

TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY


Refers to the office designated and authorized to perform traffic engineering, education and enforcement activities.

TRAFFIC LAW ENFORCEMENT LINE CHART

Chief

Assistant Chief

Traffic Supervisor

Traffic Detailee

Investigation

Follow - up

Selective Enforcement

Heads the Traffic Division

Acts in the absence of the ChiefSupervises the traffic detaileePosted at critical intersections/areas to direct and control traffic

Investigate motor vehicle traffic accident Investigate hit and run vehicle traffic accident Assist in operation to help alleviate

Philippine National Police/Highway Patrol Group (PNP/HPG)


The members of the PNP are the primary traffic law enforcers of the land. The PNP through the HPG supports the local PNP and other agencies insofar as traffic and transportation matters are concerned. They are tasked to conduct the following duties and responsibilities:

• Traffic law enforcement• Traffic control and direction• Traffic patrol and surveillance• Traffic accident investigation and reporting and• Driver’s education



Sub par. , 4 par D. Sec. 4 of Article 3 of RA 4136 known as the Band Transportation and Traffic Code of the Philippines.

The Commissioner of Land Transportation, with the approval of the Secretary of Public Works, Transportation and Communications, may designate as his deputy and agent any employee of the Land Transportation and Commission, or such other government employee as he may deem expedient to assist in carrying out the provisions of this Act.



Sub par. , 5 par D. Sec. 4 of Article 3

The Commissioner of Land Transportation and his deputies are hereby authorized to make arrests for violations of the supervisions of this Act in so far as motor vehicles are concerned; to issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum to compel the appearance of motor vehicle operators and drivers and/or other persons or conductors, and to use all reasonable means within their powers to secure enforcement of the provisions of this Act.




The Commissioner of Land Transportation and his deputies may at any time examine and inspect any motor vehicle to determine whether such motor vehicle as registered, or is unsightly unsafe, overload, improperly marked or equipped, or otherwise unfit to be operated because of possible excessive damage to highways, bridges and/or culverts.




The Philippine Constabulary and the City and Municipal Police forces are given the authority and the primary responsibility and duty to prevent violations of this Act, and to carry out the Police provisions hereof within their respective jurisdiction: provided that all apprehensions made shall be submitted for final disposition to the Commissioner and his deputies within twenty four hours from the date of apprehension.



Sub par. , 8 par D. Sec. 4 of Article 3All cases involving violations of this

Act shall be indorsed immediately by the apprehending officer to the Land Transportation Commission. Where such violations necessitate immediate action, the same shall be endorsed to the traffic court city of municipal court for summary investigation, hearing and disposition, but in all such cases appropriate notices of the apprehensions and the dispositions thereof shall be given to the Commissioner of Land Transportation by the law enforcement agency and the court concerned.



Sec. 29. Confiscation of driver’s license- law enforcement and peace officers duly designated by the Commissioner shall, in apprehending any driver for violation of this act or any regulations issued thereto, or local traffic rules and regulations, confiscated the license of the driver concerned and issue a receipt prescribed and issued by the Commission therefore which shall authorize the driver to operate a motor vehicle for a period not exceeding seventy-two hours from the time and date of issue of said receipt the period so fixed shall not be extended, and shall become invalid thereafter. Failure of the driver to settled his case within fifteen days from the date of apprehension and revocation of his license.

Notation of all such disposition shall be entered in the records and a copy shall be mailed to the owner and to the driver concerned.



Sec. 58. Duty of Clerks of Court; It is hereby made the duty of Clerks and Court of the First Instance, the City Court of the Municipal Court trying traffic violations cases or certify to the Commission the result of any case, whether criminal or civil, involving violations of any provision of this Act or of other laws and ordinances relating to motor vehicles. Said certificates shall specifically contain the name of the driver or the owner of the vehicle involved, his address, the number of his license and/or of the certificate or registration of his vehicle and the date thereof, and the offense of which he was convicted or acquitted.



Sec. 62. No Provincial Board, city or municipal board or council shall enactor enforce any ordinance or resolution in conflict with the provisions of this Act. , or prohibiting any deputy or agent of the Commission to enforce the Act within the respective territorial jurisdiction and the provisions of any charter withstanding. (see: Joint Memo Cr. Of the LTC, NPC, PC, promulgated June 14, 1975 Post P. 106)

TRAFFIC LAW ENFORCEMENT DEFINED:


Traffic law enforcement is the action by the police or law enforcer and the court to compel obedience to traffic laws and ordinances regulating the use and movement of motor vehicles for the purpose of creating to unlawful behavior by the potential violators.

Enforcement of traffic legislation is the area of activity aimed at controlling road user’s behavior by preventive, persuasive, and punitive methods in order to effect the same and efficient movement of traffic.

EXPECTED OUTCOME OF EFFECTIVE TRAFFIC ADMNISTRATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT:


Increased safety level

Increased traffic efficiency

Ensured harmonious relation

Ensured comfortable environment

EXPECTED OUTCOME OF EFFECTIVE TRAFFIC ADMNISTRATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT:


Traffic law enforcement is therefore mean to achieve the safe movement of all road users, including pedestrians, and the free flow traffic. It Is interesting that there can be a degree of conflict between these two goals.

Guides in the implementation of any enforcement programme


The program should have clear, concise and detailed statement of objectives and how they might be achieved.

To achieve the above goals, enforcement activities are pre-assigned on the ff. objectives:

• Preventive activities such as preventive patrols. Directing and supervising traffic, investigating accidents and eliminating road hazards.

•Persuasive activities such as oral and written warnings and patrols.

•Punitive activities normal deal with adjudication (LTO) persecution/adjudication (court) penalization ; and

•Coordinative activities-deal with joint activities with other law enforcement agencies.

POLICE TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT


Definition- the part of police traffic law enforcement involving arrest, citation or warning of any person has knowledge of this notion and when this to:

a) Prevent such violation for endangering persons or property or inconveniencing others users of the traffic way ;

b) Prevent continued violation ; and

c) Discouraging future repetition

POLICE TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT


As traffic law enforcer, you must decide the kind of action you will take in case you have knowledge of any violation. Drivers are more guided more by the enforcement action of traffic law enforcers than by the way law as written. It is therefore important than you should know what to do and be consistent in your actions so that the drivers may know exactly what to expect. Take note that your consistency in the enforcement of traffic laws builds respect and compliance with the law.

Kinds of Enforcement Action


A. Arrest- traffic arrest is an enforcement action enforcement action which consists of taking person into custody for the purpose of heading of detaining him to answer a charge of law violation before a court Arrest is made when the: 1. Offense committed is serious2. Detention is necessary to avoid continued

violation;3. There is reasonable doubt that the

violator will not appear in court.



Arrests: a. An arrest can be affected even without the

warrant of the offense is committed in the presence of an arresting officer.

b. The officer making an arrest must intend to take the violator into the custody for the purpose of bringing him before a court.

c. Detention of the arrested person may take place.d. Officer making an arrest must act under legal

authority when taking the arrested person into custody.

e. The person being arrested must understand that he should be arrested.

f. The purpose of arrest Is to bring a suspended violator before a court to answer a charge of law violation.



B. Impounding of motor vehicle- an enforcement action wherein the custody

of the motor vehicle or its license plate/s issue taken by the law enforcer. This could be done into different ways.

1. Physical impounding- an enforcement action wherein the custody of the motor vehicle itself I being confiscated. Before impounding a motor vehicle physically, its accessories should be properly inventoried first so that the driver or operators will not thinks about complaining about one of those accessories are missing afterwards.



•Hot car or carnapped motor vehicle•Dilapidated or running coffins

(Sec 16 of RA 4136)•Vehicle containing contraband•Vehicle used in the commission of crimes

Motor vehicles that need physical impounding are the ff:



2. Symbolic impounding

- an enforcement action wherein the motor vehicles license plate/s is/are being confiscated.



•Visual warning•Verbal warning•Written warning.

C. Warning- a traffic law enforcement action contemplate possible assessment of penalty by the court or otherwise as a result of warning alone.



D. Issuance of TOP

- An enforcement action which requires the issuance of a temporary operator’s permit in exchange for the license confiscated.

Decision of Enforcement Action


1. Degree of violation: serious or minor violation

2. Accuracy of use of mechanical or electronic measuring devices

3. Continuous or momentary action- a factor of some type of violations

4. Traffic and weather condition5. Evidence gathered 6. A new law or not- that latter requires a

period of special consideration

Necessity of establishing policies including tolerance.

Factors considered:

Manner of Apprehension


a. Signal the driver to stop- stopping must be done in safety to you, the driver you stopped, to other drivers and pedestrians. Approach is preferably on the driver side from the car. One must be alert for the unexpected. However guns must not be drawn except when there is eminent danger to life of the law enforcers, who, by the way, should operate by groups to avoid any untoward incidents.

b. Inform the violator of the violation committed.

c. Prepare TOP on the spot to prevent being misinterpreted as for a fix.

d. Advice violator where to settle his case.

Apprehension


-As an apprehending officer duly designated by the L.T.O. you may confiscate the driver’s license or certificate of registration of a vehicle for any violation of Land Transportation and Traffic Code and its rules and regulations, City and Municipality Ordinance. You should fill up the blank space of TOP forms in order to provide a detailed report of apprehension for the information, guidance and reference of all concerned. You should advice the violator to report within seventy-two (72) hours, but not less than twenty four (24) hours to give allowance for proper transmittal from receipt thereof to.

Apprehension


a. LTO Central office for Metro Manila or

Regional Office/District Office in the provinces for violation of Land Transportation and Traffic Code. (RA 4136) and its rules and regulations.

b. City/Provincial Fiscal, in other chartered cities or provincial capitals without traffic courts, for violators of local traffic ordinances

c. Municipal court in its municipalities, for violation of local traffic ordinances.

Preparations of Information/Complaint


- within your tour of duty, prepare information or complaint by filing up the TOP for processing of all traffic apprehension at the appropriate offices.

Filing of information/complaint


- within twenty four (24) hours from the time of apprehension, file the complaints, together with the confiscated items, with the Clerk of Court, City of Provincial Fiscal or the court having appropriate jurisdiction. When the driver is charged for violating the Land Transportation and Traffic Code or its rules and regulations, the traffic enforcement unit forwards the confiscated license/permit/certificate of registration plus the original copy of the TOP to the Land Transportation Office or its nearest branch office within twenty four hours from the time of apprehension.

Preliminary Finding and Disposition of License


- within seventy two (72) hours or three (3) days from filling of the case with the respective traffic enforcement offices, the hearing authority shall make immediate preliminary findings on the basis of people or complaining the witnesses reports as to whether or not there is an imperative necessity of withholding the driver’s license confiscated. Should there be no such necessity. He shall promptly order the return of the confiscated license of the owner without prejudice to re-calling the said license. It becomes necessary to the prosecution of trial of the case. Pursuant to Circular No. 44 dated July 1, 1967 and Circular No. 53 dated August 11, 1970 of the Honorable Secretary of Justice where the violator fails to appear before the court or to investigating offices concerned. His license/permit shall be forwarded to the LTO for its suspension or revocation pursuant to RA 4136.

Records of Court Proceedings


- when the violator appears in court within fifteen days (15) and plead guilty, the clerk shows the fine schedule and the violator pay the fine at the Treasurer’s Office. Receipt of which is shown to Clerk of Court who records the same on the TOP, and his license. If cleared for release, is now returned to the driver. If the violator appears after fifteen days (15) his license is forwarded to the LTO for suspension or revocation . he shows his TOP copy for the LTO proper disposition of his license. Clerks of Court, in every case, should be informed the LTO and/or the apprehending officer of the final disposition of the case. The violator appears in Court and desires not to plead guilty to the charge. The Clerk of Court sets the date of hearing and notifies the accused accordingly and sends a corresponding subpoena to the apprehending officer for the appearance. When the accused is found guilty after the trial, his license, if in possession of the Court or of the LTO, shall immediately be returned to him unless there is any other legal ground for its suspension or revocation.

Police court enforcement process involves five essential steps with the police provides varying responsibilities and influence


a. Detection- wholly law enforcement responsibility

b. Apprehension- wholly law enforcement responsibility

c. Prosecution- police provides influence through evidence

d. Adjudication- law enforcers present evidence

e. Penalization- penalty impose is based on the evidence presented by the law enforcers

Officer- Violator Relationships


1. The appearance of your uniform.

Equipment and person which will create the violator’s impression of you. A neat, clean uniform properly worn and well –groomed person will create a good impression.

A. The first reminder for an officer in traffic enforcement is to establish pleasant relationship with offending motorists or pedestrian. This may be accomplished by:



2.a Get your emotions under control. Don’t appear before him when you are both at the peak of tension or excitement. 2.b Advise the violator the nature of the alleged violation in a manner that he can understand.

2. Observance of the following rules when talking with the violators:



2.c Allow the violator to talk and explain his side. 2.d Don’t argue, berate or threaten the violator. 2.e Be courteous and business-like. You may introduce yourself or the only “ good morning”, “Sir” or “Madam” By using “Sir” or “Madam” you are identified as a gentlemen.




2.f Request compliance. Use requesting words such as “ May I “ “ Please “ and “ Kindly “ when directing the violator. 2.g Avoid telling the violator what not to do. If you want him to do something, whenever possible, explain why him to do it.




2.hNever open your conversation in a sarcastic or derogatory way. Avoid such opening as:

Do you know………“Who do you think you

are?”“Where do you think you

are going?”“What’s your hurry?”


Being alert at all times for the unexpected, approach the violator with these cases


1. Take time to get ready to talk with the violator

2. Know what you are going to do and say

3. Have any equipment you will need such as flashlights, clipboard, or citation pad

4. Review the facts which led you to your stopping the violator before you begin to talk.

5. Decide what enforcement action you are going to take before you approach the violator.

In requesting for the driver’s license and vehicle registration certificate, observe the

following suggested procedures


1. Do not put your head or arms in the car window.

2. While waiting for the license, ask the driver “What is your name, Sir”.

3. Never accept anything other than papers requested.

4. Ask that the papers being requested be removed from the blindfold or other container.

In requesting for the driver’s license and vehicle registration certificate, observe the

following suggested procedures


5. Have the driver hand the requested papers to you outside the window.

6. Establish the identity of the driver and check the entries of both the license and registration papers for any possible fraud, or false identities or falsifications.7. Do not return the driver’s license and vehicle registration certificate with you are about to terminate the interview.

In terminating your contact with the violator observe the following:


1. Explain to the driver what action he must take.

2. Tell him where and when he must appear.

3. Don’t discuss probable bail or probable penalties with the violator.

4. Avoid naughty suggestion that he should engage in the services of counsel or how he should plead.



5. When you are certain the driver understands what he should do, close the interview by:

a. Thanking the driver for his cooperation.

b. Explaining how he may avoid further difficulty.

6. Help the driver get safely through the traffic.7. When the violator leaves, don’t follow him immediately. He may feel that you are just waiting to nab him again. Either turn around and patrol in the opposite direction or you may stay where you are for a moment to decide what to do next.



“An officer seldom gets complaints on the violation but usually on the manner he treated the violator.”

Two objectives in dealing with violator


1. Immediate objective – enforcement action against the driver.

2. Ultimate objective – change his future driving behavior in consonance with the law.

Important points to remember


Violators are vastly different from each other.There are many conflicts in a violator as there are in an officer.Policemen are professional officers- there are no professional violators.Let the violator remember why he was stopped and that a professional officer handled him.Be alert for the unexpected.

Enforcement Related to Accidents


Whenever a law enforcer in the course of a traffic accident investigation discovers evidence of a law violation of any kind, it is his duty to initiate enforcement action the offender or offenders.

Enforcement Related to Accidents


Three Kinds of Offenses:

1. Simple traffic law offensesEx: Overloading

2. Complete traffic law offenses

Ex: Reckless driving3. Non-traffic offenses

Ex: Out of line operations

Responsibilities of a traffic law enforcer


R.A. No. 4136- Land Transportation and Traffic Codes of the PhilippinesC.A. No. 146 - Public Service Law (Law For Hire MV’s)R.A. No. 6539- Anti Carnapping LawR.A. No. 8749- Clean Air Act of 1999R.A. No. 8750- Seat Belt Law

A. Knowledge of the Law*Legal basis for the exercise of authority



R.A. No. 8794- Motor Vehicle User’s ChargeDOTC D.O. No. 93-693- Revised schedule of administrative fees and charges of Land Transportation Office.DOTC D.O. No. 2008-39- Revised schedule of LTO fines and penalties for traffic and administrative violations.R.A. No. 10054- Helmet LawOther related laws, PDs, LOIs, AOs, Memos and Circulars.

A. Knowledge of the Law*Legal basis for the exercise of authority



1. Citing violator for correct traffic offense*minimize complaints between

enforcer and drivers/operators-less or no complaints from drivers/operators . 2. Completing citation/TOP, including the issuance of TOP in the three(3) minutes at most:

*in order not to delay the passengers and avoid the occurrence of traffic jams;

B. Performance of duties as LTO enforcer deputized agent



3. Submission of apprehension including DL/MV plates confiscated within 24 hours from the date and time of apprehension for timely retrieval of them. 4. Filing of summary of apprehension and reports made regularly and properly. 5. Never to cancel TOP already filled up. Once filling up of TOP is started, it must issued to erring drivers or operators. TOPs are accountable forms.

B. Performance of duties as LTO enforcer deputized agent



1. It serves as a receipt for the confiscation of a license. 2. It serves as a temporary permit to operate MVs for 72 hours without extension from time of confiscation or apprehension. 3. It is an official form of judicial or administrative citation to facilitate action on the case for which is issued. 4. It is a record for disposing a case therein, either administratively or judicially. 5. It is also a receipt for release of the confiscated items for adjudication and termination of the case.

Purposes of Temporary Operator’s Permit(TOP)



1. Mandatory: Complete name and specific address of driver, DL number and plate number. 2. Write and specify the violation(s) on the space provided for using the violation code of RA 4136 and other related laws. 3.Fill up the place of apprehension, date and time. 4. Indicate accident status. 5. Fill up summons commanding the driver to appear at LTO. 6. Sign the TOP on the space provided. 7. Have the TOP signed by the violator expressing conformity to the charges filed against him.

Guidelines in accomplishing TOP (With Dispatch/Fast/Without necessary Delay/Argument)



1. Law Enforcers – to report to LTO Central Office or District Office within 24 hours.

2. Apprehended Driver/Operator – to claim within 72 hours

C. Manner of Reporting Apprehension Cases



Do it in polite and tactful manner.

Request compliance. Be courteous but firm.

D. Approaching motorists with courtesy



•Issued firearms•Parts of uniform•Deputation ID/order•TOPs

E. Exercise due diligence in the care of deputation paraphernalia issued.



G. Respect for Officials, fellow LEOs and the public at large

H. Being physically, mentally and spiritually fit for the job.

I. Continuing education while on the job through reading, attendance in

seminars, trainings and conferences.

J. Exercising professionalism on the job.

Directing/Guiding Traffic


a. Definition of Traffic Direction

– The part of police traffic supervision that involves telling drivers and pedestrians when, how and where they may not move or stand at a particular place , especially during periods of congestion or in emergencies.



b. Normally Directing Traffic is needed at:

Accident scenes

Emergencies

Planned special events



c. Signals and Gestures for directing TrafficWhen you are assigned to direct traffic, you are

expected to indicate to drivers and pedestrians how, when and where they may move. This could be done through hand signals. In order to do this, use a type of sign language which shall be clearly understandable to all persons you will be directing. You should of course use many different kinds of signals for starting, stopping or turning lines of traffic. However, if your signals were to differ from those used by other officers, drivers would probably fail to understand them and ignore you altogether. Therefore, it is important for efficient direction of traffic that the officers use uniform gestures and signals.



c. Signals and Gestures for directing TrafficMoreover, the signals should be able to be seen

over a fairly long distance. When directing traffic, you first want drivers and pedestrians to recognize that you are the officer who will tell them what to do. But you also know how to tell them when to stop, go or turn by using gestures alone. To command a traffic situation, stand where they cannot fail to see you. Normally, this is in the center of intersection. Stand as though you mean business. Stand straight with your weight equally distributed to each foot. When you are not signaling, let your hands fall on your sides. When you authorize vehicles to move, do not face them. Stand so that your side is toward the oncoming vehicles.

Duties of an officer conducting traffic


1. Regulate cross flow2. Control turning movements3. Coordinate vehicle movements4. Detour traffic5. Supervise signal obedience6. Protect pedestrians7. Restraints pedestrians8. Prevent illegal parking9. Provide for the safety passage of emergency vehicles10. Assist in people seeking information11. Handle accidents12. Carry out general police work within your area according to the policies

Among the common strategies are:


1. enforcement affected by uniformed traffic detailee

2. patrol enforcement by uniformed traffic officers in marked cars and motorcycles

3. safety checks or road block by uniformed officers

4. eye in the sky patrol

How to handle a traffic jam?


Traffic jam is caused by such factors as vehicular accidents, stalled motor vehicle due to engine trouble, absence of traffic officer at an intersection or road construction.



1. Determine the cause of traffic jams.

2. Where traffic jam is caused by vehicular accident, conduct fast, immediate but complete investigation and remove vehicle at the scene of accident.

3. If traffic jam is caused by mechanical trouble, assist motorist to push the vehicle to place where it will not obstruct the flow of traffic.

A. Steps to be taken by Traffic Officer in case of traffic jams:



4. Establish yourself and conduct systematic flow of traffic.

5. Observe if the flow of traffic became smooth, if not refer back to number 1.

6. Implement proper traffic regulation to avoid further traffic jam.

A. Steps to be taken by Traffic Officer in case of traffic jams:



1. Keep opposing lane(s) open.

2. Never overtake on opposing lane(s) in slow or stopped traffic.

3. In a constriction, merge alternate.

B. Rules to prevent traffic jams



1. Objectives:•Detecting violations and dangerous driving•Detecting and apprehending violators•Observing and reporting of traffic conditions•Providing certain services to the public handling emergencies and keeping traffic

C. Traffic Patrol – Consists of driving or walking here and there in an area or to and from a road for the purpose to traffic law enforcement and to provide traffic services to the public.



2.a. Line Patrol – conducts observation either in moving or stationary observation.

2.b. Area Patrol – conducts observation either by moving patrol or stationary observation in a certain area which included a number of streets, roads or sections of a highway.

2. Types of Traffic Patrols



2.c. Stationary Observation – observation of traffic conditions of selected place, usually one with unfavorable accident experiences for traffic supervision. Stationary observation may be conspicuous, visible, or concealed, depending upon the location of the patrol unit in relation to the street under observation.

2.d. Conspicuous Observation - Stationary observation in which the observer remains in full view of traffic conditions.




2.e. Visible Observation – stationary observation in which the observer is in full view but so located, for example, at side street, so far as to require effort on the part of traffic users to discover the observer.

2.f. Concealed observation – stationary in which the observer is not visible to person using ordinary power of observation from the roadway being observed.


Pursuit


c. Safety driving

a. Decision – type and seriousness of violation is an important

b. Pursuit techniques

Road Check


1. Road check is being done to detest or inspect:

i. family vehicle equipmentii. registration and licensing

violationsiii. intoxicated driversiv. violation of franchise conditions

in the case of public utility vehicles

Road Check


2. Types or Road Checks (check points)

a. physical barriers

b. officer-directed road checks

Road Check


3. Considerations

ii. minimum delay to motorists

iii. thorough checking procedure

iv. protection and safety of both motorists and law

enforcer

v. timing, location and frequency

Traffic Control


Traffic control is the control of the movement of the people and goods on the existing road network by means of such devices as signals, signs, and markings in the short term and at a low capital cost in order to achieve safety mobility, good environment and energy conservation.

Traffic Control


a. to increase safety level

b. to increase traffic efficiency and mobility

c. to ensure harmonious and comfortable environment

d. to conserve energy

Objectives of traffic control:

Traffic Control


a. speed limitb. turn regulationc. U-turn regulationd. Parking controle. No standingf. Stop/yield g. Channelizationh. Lane use controli. Reserved lanej. Bus lane/road

Elements of traffic control:

Traffic Control


k. reversible lane/roadl. one waym. vehicle bann. vehicle onlyo. special routingp. pedestrian crossingq. pedestrian precinctr. pedestrian crossings. traffic cellt. road pricing

Elements of traffic control:

ELEMENTS – BASIC TECHNIQUES OBECTIVES MATRIX OF TRAFFIC CONTROL


Basic Techniques

Safety Mobility

Environment

Energy Elements

Simplification P SSpeed limit, turn, Regulation,

Parking Control, Reserved Lane, One way, etc.

Segregation P S SStop/Yield, pedestrian crossing,

Channelization, Lane use control, etc.

Capacity Increase P S S

Turn regulation, U-turn, Parking control, One – way, Stop/Yield, etc.

Restraint S S P PBus Lane/Road, Parking control,

Vehicle ban, Pedestrian, etc.

Legend: P – PRIMARY CONCERNS – SECONDARY CONCERN


The two key characteristics of a good law enforcement agency ,in fact are highly

personal in nature.

The INTEGRITY OF THE FORCE AND THE

WILLINGNESS OF ITS PERSONNEL TO WORK

HARD.


Remember:“PUBLIC

OFFICE IS A PUBLIC TRUST”

Traffic Administration and Law Enforcement Presentation

Documents

traffic administration

traffic problems

traffic lawscloseness

philippine traffic

smooth flow of traffic

law enforcement2

number of agencies

government sector