Trafalgar

• Trafalgar Day: Introduction

• The origin of the batlle

• The batlle

• Admiral Horatio Nelson

• Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood

•SHIPS: HMS Victory and HMS Sovereing

•Consequences of the batlle

• Memories of the Trafalgar Battle

Trafalgar Day celebrates the victory of the Royal Navy in the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805. It was started by the United Kingdom, Austria, Russian, Naples and Sweden to try to bring down Napoleon Bonaparte.The battle happened in the Trafalgar Cape(Cadiz,Spain)

where France and

Spain fought

against the United

Kingdom.

Napoleon was trying to invade the United Kingdom. To invade the island Napoleon designed a plan : The Spanish navy had to distract the United Kingdom navy in the English Channel. This

plan failed and then the

Finisterre defeat took place.

Then the Spanish navy went to

Cadiz, where they started the

journey to Trafalgar on 19

of October.

The Battle of Trafalgar was a sea battle fought between the British Royal Navy and the combined fleets of the French Navy and Spanish Navy, during the War of the Third Coalition of the Napoleonic Wars.

The battle was the most decisive British naval victory of the war. Twenty-seven British ships of the line led by Admiral Lord Nelson aboard HMS Victory defeated thirty-three French and Spanish ships of the line under French Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve off the south-west coast of Spain, just west of Cape Trafalgar. The Franco-Spanish fleet lost twenty-two ships, without a single British vessel being lost.

Horatio Nelson is the most famous official of the British history. He fought in the Napoleonic Wars and he won in the Battle of Trafalgar. The 13th of September of 1805, Nelson was called to fight versus the Spanish and French fleets. The 21st October of 1805 Nelson fought his last battle, the Battle of Trafalgar. Napoleon Bonaparte had got the strengh to invade the British islands. The 19th October, the 33 French and Spanish fleets left Cadiz to fight against Nelson’s 27 ships. During the battle; Nelson sent his last message to his fleet it was “England expects that every man will do his duty”.

When the Victory fought against the French ship Redoubtable, Nelson was hurt by a bullet on his left arm that went through the lung until his vertebra, and he died. The battle continued for 3 hours and finally the Royal Navy won the battle.

Cuthbert Collingwood was an admiral of the Royal Navy and the successor of Nelson in the Napoleonic Wars. In the battle of Trafalgar, he directed the Royal Sovereing.When Nelson died, Collingwood took the superior lead. After the battle, in England, Collingwood was called Baron Collingwood of Coldburne and Heathpool and he established in Morpeth. He died on 7th March of 1810.

HMS VictoryIt was one of the ships of the English navy. The ship participated in the Trafalgar Battle and it was directed by the admiral Horatio Nelson.Now it is in Portsmouth museum in the south of the United Kingdom.

Victory’s still in service and it has the Second Sea Lord, an important insignia in the British Royal Navy.

HMS Sovereing

HMS Royal Sovereing was a 100-gun first rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy which served as the flagship of Admiral Collingwood in the Battle of Trafalgar. It was the third of seven Royal Sovereing ships and it was designed by Sir Edward Hun and launched on 11th of September 1786.Royal Sovereing and Santa Ana fought for a long time and finally SantaAna was seriously struck after the battle and Royal Sovereing lost a lot of the seaworthy. When the ship returned to England, it was renamed HMS Capitain and it broken up at Playmouth.

The purpose was to block the United Kingdom sea and it developed a lot of consequences and a lot of deaths.

This battle didn’t destroy the complete Spanish navy, because only 7 out of 15 boats were destroyed. Finally the English people won and they had the biggest navy in the XIX century.

In London there is the Trafalgar Square, the most important square in the city.

In other places of the world they have places to remember this battle, for example in Leganés,Malaga and Barcelona they have a street

to commemorate it.