TRADITIONAL COOKING FUELS TRADITIONAL COOKING FUELS OVENS & STOVES OVENS & STOVES in TURKEY in TURKEY ASLI İŞLER ASLI İŞLER Chem.Eng.MSc. ISTANBUL PRE-CONFERENCE WORKSHOP “ENERGY & POVERTY: CLEAN COOKING FUELS” 16-17 June 2008
Dec 20, 2015
TRADITIONAL COOKING FUELS TRADITIONAL COOKING FUELS OVENS & STOVES OVENS & STOVES
in TURKEYin TURKEY
ASLI İŞLERASLI İŞLERChem.Eng.MSc.
ISTANBUL PRE-CONFERENCE WORKSHOP“ENERGY & POVERTY: CLEAN COOKING FUELS”
16-17 June 2008
CONTENTCONTENT
•Industrial Energy Inputs
•Biomass Energy
•Biomass Energy in the World & in Turkey
•Cooking in the World & in Turkey
•Ovens & Stoves in Turkey
•Conclusions
• Wood : First fuel of human lifeWood : First fuel of human lifeWood Ash : First waste productWood Ash : First waste product
• CoalCoal• Oil Oil • Natural GasNatural Gas• Nuclear PowerNuclear Power• New Renewable Energy TechnologiesNew Renewable Energy Technologies
Biomass EnergyBiomass Energy
INDUSTRIAL ENERGY INDUSTRIAL ENERGY INPUTSINPUTS
One of the most important energy sources with its strategic and technical importance and its
applicability within renewable
energy sources
BIOMASS ENERGY SOURCES
• WoodWood• OOil seedsil seeds• CCarbohydrate plantarbohydrate plantss• FFiber plantsiber plants• PPlant residueslant residues• AAnimal wastesnimal wastes• UUrban and industrial wasterban and industrial wastess
BIOMASS ENERGY SOURCESBIOMASS ENERGY SOURCES
BIOMASS ENERGYBIOMASS ENERGY
DIRECT USE:Heating and CookingTRADITIONAL BIOMASS
Electricity:BIOELECTRICITYBIOMASS POWER
Biofuels, Biomaterials, Biochemicals by Conversion ProcessesBIOREFINERY
COGENERATION & TRIGENERATION
BIOMASS ENERGYBIOMASS ENERGY
TRADITIONAL USING MODERN USING
• Must Must for the underdeveloped and for the underdeveloped and developing countries developing countries
• CConstituent for developed countrieonstituent for developed countriess• Worldwide biomass fuels including Worldwide biomass fuels including
firewood, charcoal, dung and agricultural firewood, charcoal, dung and agricultural residues residues 2.5 billion people 2.5 billion people
WORLD’S RENEWABLE ENERGY WORLD’S RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION SHARES-2006CONSUMPTION SHARES-2006
Traditional Biomass 13%
Large Hydropower 3%
Hot Water/Heating
1.3%
Power Generation 0.8%
Biofuels 0.3%
(Agricultural Waste,Fuel Wood,Animal Dung)(Agricultural Waste,Fuel Wood,Animal Dung)
Renewable Energy Share in the Total Consumption : 18%
HOUSEHOLDS USING
TRADITIONAL BIOMASS500 Million
HOUSEHOLD SCALE BIOGAS25 Million
(displacing kerosene & other cooking fuel)
WORLD WORLD BIOENERGY:2006BIOENERGY:2006
• The share of renewable biofuels of The share of renewable biofuels of primary energy supply in 2006 : primary energy supply in 2006 : 11.5%11.5%
• WWood, animal wasteood, animal waste & & plant residue plant residue production in 2006production in 2006 : : 5127 million 5127 million tonnes of oil equivalenttonnes of oil equivalent
BIOMASS in TURKEYBIOMASS in TURKEY
SShareharess of the traditional biomass of the traditional biomass in in 2001 of total primary energy supply:2001 of total primary energy supply:
• 49% in Africa49% in Africa• 25% in Asia25% in Asia• 18% in Latin America18% in Latin America• Higher values Higher values in some African in some African
countries countries
COOKING IN THE WORLDCOOKING IN THE WORLD
• SSave biomass consumption from 10 to 50 %ave biomass consumption from 10 to 50 %• IImprove the air qualitymprove the air quality• RReduce the greenhouse gaseseduce the greenhouse gases
• Countries using improved stoves widely : Countries using improved stoves widely : China, India and especially Kenya China, India and especially Kenya
• Number of improved stoves in the world : Number of improved stoves in the world : 220 220 millionmillion
• NNumber of stoves using traditional biomass umber of stoves using traditional biomass as the cooking fuel as the cooking fuel : 570 million : 570 million
IMPROVED BIOMASS COOKING IMPROVED BIOMASS COOKING STOVESSTOVES
Biomass burned in traditional stoves and used for both cooking and heating :
• Wood• Charcoal• Sawdust• Straw• Stalk• Combustible residues• Wastes
Another intensively used primary source in rural areas:Coal
COOKING in TURKEYCOOKING in TURKEY
• Wood stoves
• Dung stoves
• Sawdust stoves
• Güzine stoves
• Rock ovens
• Tandoor ovens
WIDELY USED STOVES & OVENSWIDELY USED STOVES & OVENS
WOOD STOVEWOOD STOVE
• Simple stove type, which utilize energy for heating and cooking with burning the wood
• Continuously feeding of wood
• Widely used in the rural areas where forestry products are abundant
SAWDUST STOVESAWDUST STOVE
• Similar running system as wood stove
• Feedstock : Sawdust obtained from cutting trees
TANDOOR TANDOOR OVENOVEN
• One of the oldest traditional ovens
• Plastering the inner walls of a digged hole in the ground with adobe a place in the bottom of the oven in order to burn
• Usage depth : 1 meter
• Closing the outer surface with clay possible
ROCK OVENROCK OVEN
Consist of fire resistant special rocks, which have a name “Şamot” in the Ottoman Empire time
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
•Coming future : Traditional biomass intensively all around the world, especially in the developing and underdeveloped countries and in rural areas
•One of the most important point for using traditional biomass : Considering the human health both for the indoor and outdoor conditions
•Standards formation
•Household biomass using energy managers like a woman house engineer and a child house engineer
•Importance of teachers for educating people
•Energy action plan about cooking with biomass by governments
CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
• Developments in the area of producing and using improved stoves : Can be an important sector in the future
•Using traditional biomass : Part for energy production in the future, but with its standards and by considering the human health
•Traditional biomass using Advantage with the todays knowledge of people as humankind deserves