Trade Union Training on Youth Employment for Leaders of National Youth Committees in Asia and the Pacific Region Bangkok 10-15 May 2004
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Trade Union Training on Youth Employment for Leaders of
National Youth Committees in Asia and the Pacific Region
Bangkok10-15 May 2004
Global and Regional Trends in Youth Employment
Elizabeth MorrisSenior Labour Market and Human Resources Policies
SpecialistILO Sub-regional Office for East Asia
Bangkok
Contents
1 Measures
2 Trends3 Limitatio
ns
1 Measures
The ILO Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) has four measures for youth employment.
1 Measures
• Youth unemployment rate• Ratio of youth unemployment
rate to adult unemployment rate• Youth unemployment as a
percentage of total unemployment
• Share of unemployed youth in the youth population
How do we measure employment and unemployment?
Where:
E = EmployedU = UnemployedLF = E + U = Labour forceUnemployment rate = U/LF*100
= U/(E + U)*100
How do we measure employment and unemployment?
Youth unemployment rate:
U(15-24)/LF(15-24)*100
How do we measure employment and unemployment?
Ratio of youth unemployment rate to adult unemployment rate:
U(15-24)/LF(15-24)*100 divided by U(25+)/LF(25+)*100
How do we measure employment and unemployment?
Youth unemployment as a percentage of total unemployment:
U(15-24)/U(15+)*100
How do we measure employment and unemployment?
Share of youth unemployment in the youth population:
U(15-24)/P(15-24)*100
Where P = Population
1 Measures
The youth unemployment rate is also used as an indicator for the United Nations Millennium Development Goals.
Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
Target 16: Develop strategies for decent and productive work for youth
Indicator 45: Unemployment rate of 15-24 year olds, each sex and total
2 Trends
• The growth rate of the world’s youth labour force has accelerated substantially over the past decade, increasing competition among young people for productive employment.
2 Trends
• The world youth unemployment rate in 2003 was 14.4 per cent, more than twice the total world rate of 6.2 per cent and up from 11.7 per cent registered a decade earlier.
2 Trends
• There are 52.4 million young men and 35.8 million young women who are unemployed.
• The share of youth unemployment in total unemployment was 47.4 per cent in 2003 down from 49.5 per cent in 1993.
2 Trends
• The ratio of youth to adult unemployment rates was 3.5 in 2003 up from 3.1 in 1993.
• The share of unemployed youth in the youth population grew from 6.7 per cent in 1993 to 7.9 per cent in 2003.
2 Trends
• There were 526 million employed youth in the world in 2003.
• Employed youth aged 15-24 accounted for 18.8 per cent of total employment in 2003.
2 Trends
• The youth employment-to-population ratio measured by employed youth as a percentage of total youth fell from 51.9 per cent in 1993 to 47.0 per cent in 2003. This could be because relatively more are in education and/or relatively fewer are in employment.
2 Trends
• The total youth labour force including employed plus unemployed was 614 million in 2003.
Unemployment rates: Total and youth by region, 2003
3.3
5.2
6.4
10.2
7.0
14.6
16.5
20.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
Eastern Asia South Asia Southeast Asia Western Asia
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Total Youth
Youth unemployment rates by sex and region, 2003
7.0
14.6
16.5
20.8
14.4
8.1
13.5
15.6
20.1
14.5
5.8
17.1
17.7
22.5
14.2
0 5 10 15 20 25
Eastern Asia
South Asia
Southeast Asia
Western Asia
World
Total Male Female
3 Limitations
Why do we need other measures besides the unemployment rate?
3 Limitations
Unemployment is only one dimension of the problem. A large number of young people in many countries are underemployed.
Some would like more hours of work. Others work long hours below their full potential for low earnings .
3 Limitations
Other information might include:
• Length of unemployment
• “Discouraged youth” who have dropped out of the labour force because they think no work is available or they face barriers and discrimination
3 Limitations
Other information might include:
• Employed youth by status in employment – employer, self employed, employee, contributing family member
• Employed youth in part-time work and temporary jobs
• Youth as a percentage of migrant workers
3 LimitationsOther information might include:
• Proportion of employed youth aged 15-17 years in hazardous or non-hazardous forms of work
• Percentage of youth with no labour contracts and/or social protection
• Average earnings of youth relative to the minimum wage, median wage, poverty level, etc.
3 Limitations
These measures provide information about young women and young men aged 15-24 years. However, we may want to learn more about specific groups.
3 Limitations
• Teenagers (15-19 years) versus young adults (20-24 years)
• Levels of education and skills• Marital status • Ethnic origin• Family background• Social groups
3 Limitations
• Rural and urban• Youth with disabilities• HIV/AIDS
Group Work - LMI Exercise
You will be given some statistics from the ILO Key Indicators of the Labour Market in hard copy and Excel files. You are to calculate the four indicators for youth employment and provide a brief analysis. We are will help you use the chart wizard in Excel software to create figures if you wish.
Related Documents
