Trace Kernel Source 2009

7/26/2019 Trace Kernel Source 2009

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Trace Kernel Source

Advanced Operating Systems

2009

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Outline

Linux Kernel

Android Linux Kernel

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Outline

Linux Kernel

Android Linux Kernel

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Linux Features

Free

Open system

Open source

GNU GPL (General Public License)

POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) standard High portability

High performance

Robust

Large development toolset

Large number of device drivers Large number of application programs

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Features (Cont.)

Multi-user

allows several users to work on the same machine at the sametime

Multi-process/Multi-processors

more than one program can be executed at a time, whether usingone or several processors

Virtual memory

Loadable kernel modules

Networking

Shared libraries Support different file systems

Support different executable file formats

Support different networking protocols

Support different architectures

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Kernel

System call interface kernel

Process control

Memory management

File system management I/O,

Device drivers

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Linux Kernel Architecture

User View of Linux Operating System


Kernel Source Code Organization

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User View of Linux Operating System

Hardware

Kernel

Shell

Applications

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System Structure

System calls interface

File systems

ext2fs xiafs proc

minix nfs msdos

iso9660

Task management

Scheduler

Signals

Loadable modules

Memory management

Central kernel

Machine interface

ipv4

ethernet

...

Network ManagerPeripheral managers

b lock characte r

sound card cdrom isdn

scsi pci network

Buffer Cache

Processes

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Original UNIX System Structure

(the users)

shells and commands

compilers and interpreterssystem libraries

system-call interface to the kernel

kernel interface to the hardware

terminal controllers device controllers memory controllers

terminals devices and tapes physical memory

signals file system CPU scheduling

terminal swapping page replacementHandling

char I/O syst. block I/O syst. demand paging

terminal disk and tape virtualdrivers drivers memory

kernel

hardware

system

programs

(1)

(2)

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Analysis of Linux Kernel Architecture

Stability

Safety

Speed

Brevity Compatability

Portability

Reusability and modifiability Monolithic kernel vs. microkernel

Linux takes the advantages of monolithic kerneland microkernel

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Kernel Source

Source code web site:

http://www.kernel.org

latest stable version

http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.31.tar.bz2

Source code version:

X.Y.Z

2.6.31

Distributions:

ftp://linux.cis.nctu.edu.tw/distributions/

RED HAT, Ubuntu, Fedora, Debian, Mandriva

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http://www.kernel.org/http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.31.tar.bz2ftp://linux.cis.nctu.edu.tw/distributions/ftp://linux.cis.nctu.edu.tw/distributions/http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.31.tar.bz2http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.31.tar.bz2http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.31.tar.bz2http://www.kernel.org/


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Source Code Organization

init

ipc

lib

mm

kernel net

fs

include

arch drivers

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Outline

Linux Kernel

Andro id Linux Kernel

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AndroidKernel - 1

Gold-Fish

Goldfish: a virtual CPU that Android emulator runs

Goldfish executes ARM926T instructions and has

hooks for input and output

Yaffs2 FLASH file system

Yet Another Flash File System, 2nd edition

New Android Functionality

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AndroidKernel - 2

Bluetooth

Scheduler

Slight changes to the CPU process scheduler and

time-keeping algorithms

Binder (IPC)

Low Memory Killer

Ashmem Anonymous SHared MEMory system

Interfaces so processes can share named blocks

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AndroidKernel - 3

Debugging

RAM Console and Log Device

Android Debug Bridge

New Real-Time Clock

Switch support

Timed GPIO support

Power Management

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Resource

Android Open Source Project

http://source.android.com/download

WebGit

http://android.git.kernel.org/

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RTLab 21

Project Description

bionic C runtime: libc, libm, libdl, dynamic linker

bootloader/legacy Bootloader reference code

build Build system

dalvik Dalvik virtual machine

development High-level development and debugging tools

frameworks/base Core Android app framework libraries

frameworks/policies/base Framework configuration policies

hardware/libhardware Hardware abstraction libraryhardware/ril Radio interface layer

kernel Linux kernel

prebuilt Binaries to support Linux and Mac OS builds

recovery System recovery environment

system/bluetooth Bluetooth tools

system/core Minimal bootable environment

system/extras Low-level debugging/inspection tools

system/wlan/ti TI 1251 WLAN driver and tools

http://source.android.com/projects


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Resources for Tracing Linux

GNU Global source code tag system

http://www.gnu.org/software/global/

support C, C++, Yacc, Java and PHP4

find the locations of a specified object quickly.

locate not only object definitions but also objectreferences.

allows duplicate objects.

locate also path which includes specified pattern.

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http://www.gnu.org/software/global/http://www.gnu.org/software/global/


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LXR

Source code navigator

http://lxr.linux.no/source/

function, struct, macro E-Books

KernelAnalysis-HOWTO:

http://www.linux.org/docs/ldp/howto/KernelAnalysis-

HOWTO.html

The Linux Kernel:

http://www.tldp.org/LDP/tlk/tlk.html

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http://lxr.linux.no/source/http://www.linux.org/docs/ldp/howto/KernelAnalysis-HOWTO.htmlhttp://www.linux.org/docs/ldp/howto/KernelAnalysis-HOWTO.htmlhttp://www.tldp.org/LDP/tlk/tlk.htmlhttp://www.tldp.org/LDP/tlk/tlk.htmlhttp://www.linux.org/docs/ldp/howto/KernelAnalysis-HOWTO.htmlhttp://www.linux.org/docs/ldp/howto/KernelAnalysis-HOWTO.htmlhttp://www.linux.org/docs/ldp/howto/KernelAnalysis-HOWTO.htmlhttp://lxr.linux.no/source/


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Linux Kernel 2.4 Internals:

http://www.moses.uklinux.net/patches/lki.html

LinuxHQ:

http://www.linuxhq.com Books

Understanding the Linux Kernel, 3/e Daniel P. Bovet, Marco Cesati

O'Reilly & Associates.

Linux Core Kernel Commentary In-Depth Code Annotation, S. Maxwell, Coriolis Open Press, 1999.

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http://www.moses.uklinux.net/patches/lki.htmlhttp://www.linuxhq.com/http://www.linuxhq.com/http://www.moses.uklinux.net/patches/lki.html


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The Linux Kernel, Version 0.8-3, D. A Rusling, 1998.

Linux Kernel Internals, 2nd edition, M. Beck et al., Addison-Wesley, 1998.

Linux Kernel, R. Card et al., John Wiley & Sons, 1998.

Linux Device Drivers, 2nd Edition: OReilly/()

Linux:

Windows

UltraEdit

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VisualStudio

Source Browser, find in files

Unix grep: grep [option] pattern [file]

ex : grepri return rtlcore.c

ctags: find -name *.[ch] | xargs ctags

tags

cflow: cflow r fun_name *.c

call graph

c2html: c2html < file.c > file.html

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Resources for Tracing

Source code browser Cscope

http://cscope.sourceforge.net/

KScope http://kscope.sourceforge.net/sshots.shtml

Source Insight http://www.sourceinsight.com/

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http://cscope.sourceforge.net/http://kscope.sourceforge.net/sshots.shtmlhttp://www.sourceinsight.com/http://www.sourceinsight.com/http://kscope.sourceforge.net/sshots.shtmlhttp://cscope.sourceforge.net/http://cscope.sourceforge.net/http://cscope.sourceforge.net/


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KScope - Screenshots 1

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Source Insight - Screenshots

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Thank You!

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Trace Kernel Source 2009

Documents