Toyota’s Vision and involvement in HD standardization · capabilities, gap analysis of current protocols, Specifying (new) tank categories, boundary conditions (flow temperature,

Toyota’s Vision and

involvement in HD standardization

17/02/2020

Vincent Mattelaer – Senior Engineer – R&D Powertrain

Toyota Earth Charter led to two technologies

Prius at Tokyo Auto Show

(1995)

FCEV-1

(1996)Toyota Earth Charter

(1992)

http://www.google.be/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCM2GyaGeocgCFcu8FAod4DEIEg&url=http://www.cleanmpg.com/forums/showthread.php?t%3D45926&bvm=bv.104226188,d.d24&psig=AFQjCNHhKAkP2GtftUw7cusWh1Sn_51svA&ust=1443787638639547http://www.google.be/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCL636ZOfocgCFYTVFAodSz4JwQ&url=http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/text/leaping_forward_as_a_global_corporation/chapter4/section8/item2.html&bvm=bv.104226188,d.d24&psig=AFQjCNEzCvXmxYOAX50ycs4uBNxLZV00Cw&ust=1443787877578711

Future Vision: HyGrid (Hybrid Hydrogen – Electricity Grid)

Biomass

Wastewater

Renewable

Energy

HV

Refineries/

chemical plants

Urban/

residential

Fossil fuels

FC busAutomotive

fuel

Hydrogen

tanksHigh-volume,

long-term storage

Electrolysis

Chemical

plants

Urban/

residential

FCEVHydrogen Grid

Power generation units

EV/PHEV

Electricity

storage

facilities

Thermal

power generation

Photovoltaic

generation

Wind powerElectricity Grid

Hydrogen - Electricity

Conversion

Urban/ residential Industry

Source: HyGrid Study Group HP

ElectricityEnergy Flow

HydrogenFossil fuels

Toyota’s challenging environmental targets

Distance

BEVs

HEVsPHEVs

Ve

hic

le s

ize BEVs

HEVs/PHEVs FCEVs

MaaS Applications

FCEVs

Diversification of HEV, PEHV, BEV, and FCEV

Small home-

delivery vehiclesRoute buses

Personal mobility

Full-size trucks

Short-distance use

Passenger cars

Delivery trucksForklifts

Diversification of HEV, PEHV, BEV, and FCEV

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiwv7OSs5PjAhW1A2MBHajdBVUQjRx6BAgBEAU&url=https://www.motortrend.ca/en/cars/lexus/nx200t/2017/&psig=AOvVaw0eeHzewr51NdtsfLFY1zSL&ust=1562059460829578

Toyota’s core technology for electrified vehiclesFCEV

PHEV

BEV

HEV

Charger

FC Stack

Engine

ChargerMotorBattery

Power Control Unit

Electrified vehicles core technology

Engine

High-pressure Hydrogen Tank

Toyota’s core technology for electrified vehicles

FC stack cost reduction

Performance improvement and cost reduction

Substantial hydrogen consumption

Increasedemand

FC technologies

Passenger Vehicles Commercial Vehicles

FCEV growth through diversification

Contribution to

infrastructure development

HYDROGEN

H

Industrial use

Increase H2 demand through diversification

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXmF4E8dWEzrRz9R0oTvFLAhttps://www.brand-yurai.net/detail/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E7%B2%BE%E6%A9%9F%E6%A0%AA%E5%BC%8F%E4%BC%9A%E7%A4%BE.html

Non-standardized stations

Closed stations

Including 29 bus stations.

(CHIC, CUTE)

Current and future

non-standard stations

(Mainly 350 bar)

Standards for stations

1. One standard for connections

ISO 17268

EN/ISO 17268

2. One standard for hydrogen quality

ISO 14687

EN 17124

3. One (?) standard for hydrogen fuelling protocol

SAE J2601

JPEC-S 0003

Standard for refuelling protocol.

5 kg 7 kg 25 kg

SAE J2601-1

Protocol exists No protocol

Hardware Stnd available No hardware stnd

JPEC-S 0003

Toyota’s participation in PRHYDE project

PRHYDE-Protocol for heavy-duty hydrogen refuellingCall Identifier FCH-04-2-2019:

Refuelling Protocols for Medium and Heavy-Duty Vehicles

PRHYDEProtocol for heavy-duty

H2

Hydrogen refuelling

01 JAN 2020 - 31 DEC 2021

www.PRHYDE.eu

Project partners

13

No. Participant organisation name Short name Country

1 Ludwig-Bölkow-Systemtechnik GmbH

(Coordinator)LBST DE

2 Zentrum für BrennstoffzellenTechnik GmbH ZBT DE

3 Air Liquide SA AL FR

4 Engie Lab CRIGEN ENGIE FR

5 Toyota Motor Europe NV TME BE

6 ITM Power (Trading) Limited ITM UK

7 NEL Hydrogen AS NEL DK

8 Shell Deutschland Oil GmbH SHELL DE

9Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux

énergies alternativesCEA FR

10 Nikola Motor Company Nikola USA

Third linked partners: MAN and Toyota North America

www.PRHYDE.eu

Objective of PRHYDE (1/3)

14

▪ Determine relevant requirements for

HDV fuelling:

− to driving range,

− fuelling time,

− tank sizes,

− average kg/fill,

− SoC, and

− customer impact, particularly taking the commercial boundary conditions of typical HDV operators

into account

www.PRHYDE.eu

Objective of PRHYDE (2/3)

15

▪ Determine limitations and gaps of current fuelling hardware capability (for HDV):

− Capability of state-of-the-art nozzle and receptacle to achieve the flow required for HDV and

potential gaps

− Capability of state-of-the-art vehicle data collection and communication hardware to achieve

sufficiently reliable data collection and communication of vehicle data to station and potential gaps

− Consider how a potential HDV fuelling protocol is to navigate and transition from current state-of-

the-art component capability to a future required capability/norm

www.PRHYDE.eu

Objective of PRHYDE (3/3)

16

▪ Develop concept(s) for HDV fuelling protocol(s)

▪ Validate the impact of HDV fuelling protocol(s) concept(s) on achieving key metrics (temperature and

pressure) on the vehicle side

− through tank refuelling simulation with simplified model and CFD approaches

− through experimental validations on fuelling of tank(s) at station(s).

▪ Formulate recommendations (outcome of project) for HDV fuelling protocol(s) for use

in relevant standardization forums – with the aim of eventually achieving

standardization.

CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics

www.PRHYDE.eu

Work plan

WP2 – State-of-the-art & specification

WP3 – Protocol development

WP4 – Simulations

WP5 – Experimental validations

35MPa

50MPa

70MPa

WP6 – Recommendations and dissemination

WP7 – Project coordination

Iterative

process

WP2: Defining state-of-the-art on protocols, vehicles and component

capabilities, gap analysis of current protocols, Specifying (new) tank categories, boundary conditions (flow temperature, connections etc.) target fueling times and quantities for the three pressure levels

Outcome: A detailed specification guiding the following

protocol development and test efforts

WP3: Develop protocol approaches for the three pressure levels

Outcome: Protocol approaches for simulations (WP3) and test (WP4)

WP4: Modeling and Simulations of tank systems/categories to determine

flow/temperature/pressure aspects

Outcome: Simulation results in order to assess impact of different

protocol approaches

WP5: Experimental validation of protocol approaches at HRS(s)

Outcome: Validation of technical feasibility of protocol approaches

WP6: Formulate recommendations for standardization forums and dissemination

Outcome: Specific recommendations that can help create

international standards on HDV hydrogen fueling 17

www.PRHYDE.eu

Welcome to participate to the 1st workshop on 24/03/2020

18

Website: www.PRHYDE.eu

E-Mail: [email protected]

Location:

Hydrogen Europe offices

Avenue de la Toison d‘Or 56-60

1060 Brussels

− HRS suppliers and HRS operators;

− Medium and heavy-duty vehicle manufacturers (not

limited to road vehicles);

− Component suppliers (e.g. tank, nozzle/receptacle) as

appropriate;

− Notified Bodies or hydrogen refueling station authorizers;

− National and international organizations promoting and

supporting the use of hydrogen in the transport sector.

http://www.prhyde.eu/mailto:[email protected]

Thank you

17/02/2020

Vincent Mattelaer – Senior Engineer – R&D Powertrain