Toyota

ToyotaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Toyota (disambiguation).

Toyota Motor Corporation

Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki-gaisha

トヨタ自動車株式会社

Type Public (TYO: 7203, LSE: TYT& NYSE: TM)

Industry Automotive

Robotics

Financial services

Biotechnology

Founded August 28, 1937

Founder(s) Kiichiro Toyoda

Headquarters Toyota City, Aichi, Japan

Area served Worldwide

Key people Fujio Cho (Chairman and Representative Director) Katsuaki

Watanabe (Vice chairman and Representative Director) Akio

Toyoda(President and Representative Director)

Shoichiro Toyoda (Honorary Chairman)[1]

Products Automobiles

Financial Services

Revenue  ¥18.9 trillion (FY2010)[2]

Operating

income

 ¥147.5 billion (FY2010)[2]

Profit  ¥209.4 billion (FY2010)[2]

Total assets  ¥30.3 trillion (FY2010)[2]

Total equity  ¥10.3 trillion (FY2010)[2]

Employees 71,116 (for TMC, total Toyota 320,808)[3]

Parent Toyota Group

Divisions Lexus

Scion

Subsidiaries 522 (Toyota Group) Hino Motors, Ltd., Daihatsu Motor

Co., Ltd.,Toyota Financial Services, DENSO,Toyota

Industries

Website Toyota Global

Toyota Motor Corporation (Japanese: トヨタ自動車株式会社 Toyota Jidōsha Kabushiki-

gaisha?, TYO: 7203), LSE: TYT, NYSE: TM, commonly known simply as Toyota and abbreviated as TMC, is

a multinational automaker headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan. In 2009, Toyota Motor Corporation employed

71,116 people worldwide (total Toyota 320,808).[3] TMC is the world's largest automobile

manufacturer by sales [4] [5]  and production.[6]

The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937 as a spinoff from his father's company Toyota

Industries to create automobiles. Three years earlier, in 1934, while still a department of Toyota Industries, it

created its first product, the Type A engine, and, in 1936, its first passenger car, theToyota AA. Toyota Motor

Corporation group companies are Toyota (including the Scion brand), Lexus, Daihatsu and Hino Motors,[7] along with several "non-automotive" companies.[8] TMC is part of the Toyota Group, one of the largest

conglomerates in the world.

Toyota Motor Corporation is headquartered in Toyota City, Aichi and in Tokyo.[9] In addition to manufacturing

automobiles, Toyota provides financial services through its Toyota Financial Services division and also builds

robots.

Contents

 [hide]

1 History

o 1.1 Recent company developments

1.1.1 2007–2010 financial crisis

1.1.2 2009–2010 vehicle recalls

2 Name

3 Company overview

4 Logo and branding

o 4.1 Marketing

o 4.2 Sports

5 Toyota philosophy

o 5.1 Toyota Production System

6 Operations

o 6.1 Worldwide presence

6.1.1 Toyota North America

7 Product line

o 7.1 Electric technology

7.1.1 Plug-in hybrids

7.1.2 All-electric vehicles

o 7.2 Cars

7.2.1 SUVs and crossovers

7.2.2 Pickup trucks

7.2.3 Luxury-type vehicles

8 Motorsport

o 8.1 TRD

9 Non-automotive activities

o 9.1 Aerospace

o 9.2 Philanthropy

o 9.3 Higher education

o 9.4 Robotics

o 9.5 Finance

o 9.6 Agricultural biotechnology

10 Financial information

o 10.1 Government bailouts

11 Production and sales numbers

12 Environmental record

13 See also

14 References

15 External links

[edit]History

Main article: History of Toyota

Toyota started in 1933 as a division of Toyoda Automatic Loom Works devoted to the production of

automobiles under the direction of the founder's son, Kiichiro Toyoda.[10] Its first vehicles were the A1passenger

car and the G1 in 1935. Toyota Motor Co. was established as an independent company in 1937. In 2008,

Toyota's sales surpassed General Motors, making Toyota number one in the world.[11]

[edit]Recent company developments[edit]2007–2010 financial crisis

On May 8, 2009, Toyota reported a record annual net loss of US$4.2 billion, making it the latest automobile

maker to be severely affected by the 2007–2010 financial crisis.

[edit]2009–2010 vehicle recalls

Main article: 2009–2010 Toyota vehicle recalls

From November 2009 through the first quarter of 2010, Toyota recalled more than 8 million (accounts differ)

cars and trucks worldwide in several recall campaigns, and briefly halted production and sales.[12][13] The US

Sales Chief, James Lentz, was questioned by the United States Congress committees on Oversight and

Investigations on February 23, 2010, as a result of recent recalls.[14] On February 24, 2010, Toyota CEO Akio

Toyoda testified before the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.[15] On 6 April 2010, The

US government sought a record penalty ofUS$16.375 million from Toyota for its delayed response in notifying

the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration regarding the defective accelerator pedals.[16] On 18 May

2010, Toyota paid the fine without an admission of wrongdoing.[17][18][19] The record fine and the high profile

hearings caused accusations of conflict of interest. Senior managing director Takahiko Ijichi said that recall-

related costs in the financial year that ended March 2010 totaled US$1.93 billion (¥180 billion).[20]

[edit]Name

Toyota headquarters in Toyota City, Japan

Vehicles were originally sold under the name "Toyoda" (トヨダ), from the family name of the company's

founder, Kiichirō Toyoda . In September 1936, the company ran a public competition to design a new logo. Out

of 27,000 entries the winning entry was the three Japanese katakana letters for "Toyoda" in a circle.

But Risaburō Toyoda , who had married into the family and was not born with that name, preferred "Toyota" (ト

ヨタ) because it took eight brush strokes (a fortuitous number) to write in Japanese, was visually simpler

(leaving off the diacritic at the end) and with a voiceless consonant instead of a voiced one (voiced consonants

are considered to have a "murky" or "muddy" sound compared to voiceless consonants, which are "clear").

Since "Toyoda" literally means "fertile rice paddies", changing the name also helped to distance the company

from associations with old-fashioned farming. The newly formed word was trademarked and the company was

registered in August 1937 as the "Toyota Motor Company".[21][22][23]

In predominantly Chinese-speaking countries or regions using traditional Chinese characters, e.g. Hong Kong

and Taiwan, Toyota is known as "豊田".[24] In predominantly Chinese speaking countries using simplified

Chinese characters (e.g. China), Toyota is known as "丰田"[25] (pronounced as "Fēngtián" inMandarin

Chinese ). These are the same characters as the founding family's name "Toyoda" in Japanese, which

translate to "fertile rice paddies" in the Chinese language as well.

From September 1947, Toyota's small-sized vehicles were sold under the name "Toyopet" (トヨペット).[26] The

first vehicle sold under this name was the Toyopet SA [27]  but it also included vehicles such as the Toyopet

SB light truck, Toyopet Stout  light truck,[28] Toyopet Crown  and the Toyopet Corona . However, when Toyota

eventually entered the American market in 1957 with the Crown, the name was not well received due to

connotations of toys and pets.[29] The name was soon dropped for the American market but continued in other

markets until the mid 1960s.

[edit]Company overview

With over 30 million sold, the Corolla is one of the most popular and best selling cars in the world.

The Toyota Motor Company received its first Japanese Quality Control Award at the start of the 1980s and

began participating in a wide variety of motorsports. Due to the 1973 oil crisis, consumers in the lucrative US

market began turning to small cars with better fuel economy. American car manufacturers had considered

small economy cars to be an "entry level" product, and their small vehicles employed a low level of quality in

order to keep the price low.

By the early sixties, the US had begun placing stiff import tariffs on certain vehicles. The Chicken tax of 1964

placed a 25% tax on imported light trucks.[30] In response to the tariff, Toyota, Nissan Motor Co. and Honda

Motor Co. began building plants in the US by the early eighties.[30]

In 1982, the Toyota Motor Company and Toyota Motor Sales merged into one company, the Toyota Motor

Corporation. Two years later, Toyota entered into a joint venture with General Motors called NUMMI, the New

United Motor Manufacturing, Inc, operating an automobile-manufacturing plant in Fremont, California. The

factory was an old General Motors plant that had been closed for two years. Toyota then started to establish

new brands at the end of the 1980s, with the launch of their luxury division Lexus in 1989.

In the 1990s, Toyota began to branch out from producing mostly compact cars by adding many larger and

more luxurious vehicles to its lineup, including a full-sized pickup, the T100 (and later theTundra); several lines

of SUVs; a sport version of the Camry, known as the Camry Solara; and the Scion brand, a group of several

affordable, yet sporty, automobiles targeted specifically to young adults. Toyota also began production of the

world's best-selling hybrid car, the Prius, in 1997.

With a major presence in Europe, due to the success of Toyota Team Europe, the corporation decided to set

up TMME, Toyota Motor Europe Marketing & Engineering, to help market vehicles in the continent. Two years

later, Toyota set up a base in the United Kingdom, TMUK, as the company's cars had become very popular

among British drivers. Bases in Indiana, Virginia and Tianjin were also set up. In 1999, the company decided to

list itself on the New York and London Stock Exchanges.

Toyota Deutschland's headquarters in Cologne

In 2001, Toyota's Toyo Trust and Banking merged with two other banks to form UFJ Bank, which was accused

of corruption by the Japan's government for making bad loans to alleged Yakuza crime syndicates with

executives accused of blocking Financial Service Agency inspections.[31] The UFJ was listed among Fortune

Magazine's largest money-losing corporations in the world, with Toyota's chairman serving as a director. [32] At

the time, the UFJ was one of the largest shareholders of Toyota. As a result of Japan's banking crisis, UFJ

merged with the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi to become the Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group.

In 2002, Toyota managed to enter a Formula One works team and establish joint ventures with French

motoring companies Citroën and Peugeot a year after Toyota started producing cars in France.

Toyota ranked eighth on Forbes 2000 list of the world's leading companies for the year 2005.[33] The company

was number one in global automobile sales for the first quarter of 2008.[34]

On December 7, 2004, a US press release was issued stating that Toyota would be offering Sirius Satellite

Radios. However, as late as January 27, 2007,Sirius Satellite Radio and XM Satellite radio kits were not

available for Toyota factory radios.[citation needed] While the press release enumerated nine models, only limited

availability existed at the dealer level in the US. As of 2008, all Toyota and Scion models have either standard

or available XM radio kits. Major Lexus dealerships have been offering satellite radio kits for Lexus vehicles

since 2005, in addition to factory-equipped satellite radio models.

In 2007, Toyota released an update of its full size truck, the Tundra, produced in two American factories, one in

Texas and one in Indiana. "Motor Trend" named the Tundra "Truck of the Year," and the 2007 Toyota

Camry "Car of the Year" for 2007. It also began the construction of two new factories, one to build the RAV4 in

Woodstock, Ontario, Canada and the other to build the Toyota Prius in Blue Springs, Mississippi, USA. This

plant was originally intended to build the Toyota Highlander, but Toyota decided to use the plant in Princeton,

Indiana, USA, instead. The company has also found recent success with its smaller models—the Corolla and

Yaris—as gas prices have risen rapidly in the last few years.

[edit]Logo and branding

A replica of the 1936 Toyota Model AA, with the original Toyoda logo

In 1936, Toyota entered the passenger car market with its Model AA and held a competition to establish a new

logo emphasizing speed for its new product line. After receiving 27,000 entries, one was selected that

additionally resulted in a change of its monikor to "Toyota" from the family name "Toyoda." It was believed that

the new name sounded better and its eight-stroke count in the Japanese language was associated with wealth

and good fortune. The original logo no longer is found on its vehicles but remains the corporate emblem used

in Japan.

Still, there were no guidelines for the use of the brand name, "TOYOTA", which was used throughout most of

the world, which led to inconsistencies in its worldwide marketing campaigns.

To remedy this, Toyota introduced a new worldwide logo in 1989 in conjunction with and to differentiate it from

the newly released luxury Lexus brand. There are three ovals in the new logo that combine to form the letter

"T", which stands for Toyota. The overlapping of the two perpendicular ovals inside the larger oval represent

the mutually beneficial relationship and trust that is placed between the customer and the company while the

larger oval that surrounds both of these inner ovals represent the "global expansion of Toyota's technology and

unlimited potential for the future."[35]

The logo started appearing on all printed material, advertisements, dealer signage, and the vehicles

themselves in 1990.

[edit]Marketing

MEGAWEB, Toyota's permanent exhibition showroom and museum in Odaiba, Tokyo

Toyota's marketing efforts have focused on emphasizing the positive experiences of ownership and vehicle

quality.[36] The ownership experience has been targeted in slogans such as "Oh, what a feeling!" (1978–1985,

in the US),[36] "Who could ask for anything more" (1986–1989), "I love what you do for me, Toyota!" (1990–

1997), "Everyday" (1997–2000)", "Get the feeling!" (2001–2004), and "Moving Forward" (2004–present). [37]

Recently, Toyota's new United States marketing strategy has included such hits as "Swagger Wagon" [38] and

the marketing for the new Avalon,[39] which includes a throwback to the "old days of travel."

[edit]SportsSee Toyota Center, Toyota Park, Toyota Racing, Toyota Racing Development, and Toyota in

motorsports

[edit]Toyota philosophy

Main article: The Toyota Way

Toyota's management philosophy has evolved from the company's origins and has been reflected in the

terms "Lean Manufacturing" and Just In Time Production, which it was instrumental in developing.[40] Toyota's managerial values and business methods are known collectively as the Toyota Way.

In April 2001 the Toyota Motor Corporation adopted the "Toyota Way 2001," an expression of values and

conduct guidelines that all Toyota employees should embrace. Under the two headings ofRespect for

People and Continuous Improvement, Toyota summarizes its values and conduct guidelines with the

following five principles:[41]

Challenge

Kaizen (improvement)

Genchi Genbutsu (go and see)

Respect

Teamwork

According to external observers, the Toyota Way has four components:[42]

1. Long-term thinking as a basis for management decisions.

2. A process for problem-solving.

3. Adding value to the organization by developing its people.

4. Recognizing that continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning.

The Toyota Way incorporates the Toyota Production System.

[edit]Toyota Production SystemMain article: Toyota Production System

Toyota has long been recognized as an industry leader in manufacturing and production. Three stories of

its origin have been found,[where?] one that they studied Piggly-Wiggly's just-in-time distribution system, one

that they followed the writings of W. Edwards Deming, and one that they were given the principles from a

WWII US government training program (Training Within Industry).[citation needed] It is possible that all these,

and more, are true.[vague] Regardless of the origin, the principles described by Toyota in its management

philosophy, The Toyota Way, are: Challenge, Kaizen (improvement), Genchi Genbutsu (go and see),

Respect, and Teamwork.[41]

As described by external observers of Toyota, the principles of the Toyota Way are: [42]

1. Base your management decisions on a long-term philosophy, even at the expense of short-term

goals

2. Create continuous process flow to bring problems to the surface

3. Use "pull" systems to avoid overproduction

4. Level out the workload

5. Build a culture of stopping to fix problems, to get quality right the first time

6. Standardized tasks are the foundation for continuous improvement and employee empowerment

7. Use visual control so no problems are hidden

8. Use only reliable, thoroughly tested technology that serves your people and processes

9. Grow leaders who thoroughly understand the work, live the philosophy, and teach it to others

10. Develop exceptional people and teams who follow your company’s philosophy

11. Respect your extended network of partners and suppliers by challenging them and helping them

improve

12. Go and see for yourself to thoroughly understand the situation (genchi genbutsu)

13. Make decisions slowly by consensus, thoroughly considering all options; implement decisions

rapidly

14. Become a learning organization through relentless reflection and continuous improvement

[edit]Operations

Toyota Pavilion at the Expo in Aichi

Toyota has grown to a large multinational corporation from where it started and expanded to different

worldwide markets and countries. It displaced GM and became the world's largest automobile maker for

the year 2008. It held the title of the most profitable automobile maker (US$11 billion in 2006) along with

increasing sales in, among other countries, the United States. The world headquarters of Toyota are

located in its home country in Toyota, Aichi, Japan. Its subsidiary, Toyota Financial Services sells

financing and participates in other lines of business. Toyota brands include Scion and Lexus and the

corporation is part of the Toyota Group. Toyota also owns 51% of Daihatsu, and 16.7% of Fuji Heavy

Industries, which manufactures Subaru vehicles. They also acquired 5.9% of Isuzu Motors Ltd. on

November 7, 2006 and will be introducing Isuzu diesel technology into their products.

Toyota has introduced new technologies including one of the first mass-produced hybrid gasoline-electric

vehicles, of which it says it has sold 2 million globally as of 2010,[43] Advanced Parking Guidance

System (automatic parking), a four-speed electronically controlled automatic with buttons for power and

economy shifting, and an eight-speed automatic transmission. Toyota, and Toyota-

produced Lexus and Scion automobiles, consistently rank near the top in certain quality and reliability

surveys, primarily J.D. Power and Consumer Reports [44]  although they led in automobile recalls for the

first time in 2009.[45]

In 2005, Toyota, combined with its half-owned subsidiary Daihatsu Motor Company, produced 8.54

million vehicles, about 500,000 fewer than the number produced by GM that year. Toyota has a large

market share in the United States, but a small market share in Europe. Its also sells vehicles in Africa and

is a market leader in Australia. Due to itsDaihatsu subsidiary it has significant market shares in several

fast-growing Southeast Asian countries.[46]

According to the 2008 Fortune Global 500, Toyota Motor is the fifth largest company in the world. Since

the recession of 2001, it has gained market share in the United States. Toyota's market share struggles in

Europe where its Lexus brand has three tenths of one percent market share, compared to nearly two

percent market share as the US luxury segment leader.

In the first three months of 2007, Toyota together with its half-owned subsidiary Daihatsu reported

number one sales of 2.348 million units. Toyota's brand sales had risen 9.2% largely on demand for

Corolla and Camry sedans. The difference in performance was largely attributed to surging demand for

fuel-efficient vehicles. In November 2006, Toyota Motor Manufacturing Texas added a facility inSan

Antonio.[47] Toyota has experienced quality problems and was reprimanded by the government in Japan

for its recall practices.[48] Toyota currently maintains over 16% of the US market share and is listed

second only to GM in terms of volume.[49] Toyota Century Royal is the official state car of the Japanese

imperial family, namely for the current Emperor of Japan.

Toyota was hit by the global financial crisis of 2008 as it was forced in December 2008 to forecast its first

annual loss in 70 years.[50] In January 2009 it announced the closure of all of its Japanese plants for 11

days to reduce output and stocks of unsold vehicles.[51]

Akio Toyoda became the new president and CEO of the company on June 23, 2009 by replacing

Katsuaki Watanabe who became the new vice chairman by replacing Katsuhiro Nakagawa.[52]

[edit]Worldwide presence

The Camry is assembled in several facilities around the world including Australia, China, Taiwan,

Japan, Malaysia,Philippines, Russia, Thailand, India, Vietnam and the United States.

Toyota has factories in most parts of the world, manufacturing or assembling vehicles for local markets.

Toyota has manufacturing or assembly plants inJapan, Australia, India, Sri

Lanka, Canada, Indonesia, Poland, South Africa, Turkey, Colombia, the United Kingdom, the United

States, France, Brazil,Portugal, and more recently, Argentina, Czech

Republic, Mexico, Malaysia, Thailand, Pakistan, Egypt, China, Vietnam, Venezuela, the Philippines,

andRussia.

Toyota's net revenue by geographical regions for the year ended 31 March 2007 [53]

Geographic region Total sales ( Yen in millions)Japan 8,152,884North America 8,771,495Europe 3,346,013Asia 1,969,957Others 1,707,742

In 2002, Toyota initiated the "Innovative International Multi-purpose vehicle" project (IMV) to optimize

global manufacturing and supply systems for pickup trucks and multipurpose vehicles, and to satisfy

market demand in more than 140 countries worldwide. IMV called for diesel engines to be made in

Thailand, gasoline engines in Indonesia and manual transmissions in India and the Philippines, for supply

to the countries charged with vehicle production. For vehicle assembly, Toyota would use plants in

Thailand, Indonesia, Argentina and South Africa. These four main IMV production and export bases

supply Asia, Europe, Africa, Oceania, Latin America and the Middle East with three IMV vehicles:

The Toyota Hilux (Vigo), the Fortuner, and the Toyota Innova.[54]

[edit]Toyota North America

Main article: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America

Toyota Motor North America headquarters is located in Torrance, California and operates as a holding

company in North America. Its manufacturing headquarters is located in Hebron, Kentucky, and is known

as Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, or TEMA.

A Toyota dealership in Fremont, California.

Toyota Canada Inc. has been in production in Canada since 1983 with an aluminium wheel plant in Delta,

British Columbia which currently employs a workforce of roughly 260. Its first vehicle assembly plant,

in Cambridge, Ontario since 1988, now produces Corolla compact cars, Matrix crossover vehicles

and Lexus RX 350 luxury SUVs, with a workforce of 4,300 workers. Its second assembly operation

in Woodstock, Ontario began manufacturing the RAV4 late in 2008.[55] In 2006, Toyota's subsidiary Hino

Motors opened a heavy duty truck plant, also in Woodstock, employing 45 people and producing 2000

trucks annually.[56]

Toyota Technical Center, Ann Arbor Twp., MI

Toyota has a large presence in the United States with five major assembly plants in Huntsville,

Alabama;Georgetown, Kentucky; Princeton, Indiana; San Antonio, Texas; Buffalo, West Virginia. A new

plant in Blue Springs, Mississippi is currently being finished after being put on hold during the recent

economic downturn. The Mississippi operation is scheduled to go online with production in July or August

of 2011. Toyota had a joint-venture operation with General Motors at New United Motor Manufacturing

Inc. (NUMMI), in Fremont, California, which began in 1984 and ended in 2009.[57] It still has a joint-venture

with Subaru at Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. (SIA), in Lafayette, Indiana, which started in 2006.

Production on a new manufacturing plant in Tupelo, Mississippi was scheduled for completion in 2010 but

is currently on indefinite hold. North America is a major automobile market for Toyota. In these assembly

plants, the Camry and the Tundra are manufactured, among others.

Toyota marketing, sales, and distribution in the US are conducted through a separate subsidiary, Toyota

Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. Toyota uses a number of slogans in its American TV commercialssuch as It's

time to move forward, Smart way to keep moving forward, or Moving forward. It has started producing

larger trucks, such as the new Tundra, to go after the large truck market in the United States. Toyota is

also pushing hybrid vehicles in the US such as the Prius, Camry Hybrid, Highlander Hybrid, and

various Lexus products.

Toyota has sold more hybrid vehicles in the country than any other manufacturer. Toyota is a public

corporation and the company's shares are traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, New York Stock

Exchange and the London Stock Exchange. Toyota also sponsors Club Deportivo Guadalajara.

[edit]Product line

[edit]Electric technology

Toyota Prius, flagship of Toyota's hybrid technology

Main articles: Hybrid Synergy Drive and Hybrid electric vehicle

Toyota is one of the largest companies to push hybrid vehicles in the market and the first to commercially

mass-produce and sell such vehicles, an example being the Toyota Prius. The company eventually

began providing this option on the main smaller cars such as Camry and later with the Lexus divisions,

producing some hybrid luxury vehicles. It labeled such technology in Toyota cars as "Hybrid Synergy

Drive" and in Lexus versions as "Lexus Hybrid Drive."

The Prius has become the top selling hybrid car in America. Toyota, as a brand, now has three hybrid

vehicles in its lineup: the Prius, Highlander, and Camry. The popular minivan Toyota Sienna is scheduled

to join the hybrid lineup by 2010, and by 2030 Toyota plans to offer its entire lineup of cars, trucks, and

SUVs with a Hybrid Synergy Drive option (Toyota has said it plans to make a hybrid-electric system

available on every vehicle it sells worldwide sometime in the 2010s).[58]

Lexus LS 600h hybrid sedan.

Worldwide sales of hybrid vehicles produced by Toyota reached 1.0 million vehicles by May 31, 2007,

and the 2.0 million mark was reached by August 31, 2009, with hybrids sold in 50 countries. [59][60] Toyota's

hybrid sales are led by the Prius, with worldwide cumulative sales of 1.43 million by August 2009.[59]Toyota's CEO has committed to eventually making every car of the company a hybrid vehicle.[61]

[62] Lexus also has their own hybrid lineup, consisting of theGS 450h, RX 400h, and launched in 2007,

the LS 600h/LS 600h L.

Toyota and Honda have already said they've halved the incremental cost of electric hybrids and see cost

parity in the future (even without incentives).[63]Hybrids are viewed by some automobile makers as a core

segment of the future vehicle market.[64]

[edit]Plug-in hybrids

Main article: Plug-in hybrid

Plug-in Prius concept

Toyota is currently testing its "Toyota Plug-in HV" in Japan, the United States, and Europe. Like GM's

Volt, it uses a lithium-ion battery pack. The PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle) could have a lower

environmental impact than existing hybrids.[65][66]

On June 5, 2008, A123Systems announced that its Hymotion plug-in hybrid conversion kits for the Prius

would be installed by six dealers, including four Toyota dealerships: Westboro Toyota in Boston,

Fitzgerald Toyota in Washington D.C., Toyota of Hollywood in Los Angeles, and Madison Wisconsin-

based Smart Motors.[67]

[edit]All-electric vehicles

Toyota is speeding up the development of vehicles that run only on electricity with the aim of mass-

producing them in the early part of the next decade. Road tests for the current prototype, called "e-com",

had ended in 2006.[68] Toyota has made many concept electric vehicles, including the FT-EV and FT-EV

II.

In May 2010, Toyota launched a collaboration with Tesla Motors to create electric vehicles. Toyota

agreed to purchase US$50 million of Tesla common stock subsequent to the closing of Tesla's planned

initial public offering.[69] Tesla will buy Toyota's recently closed NUMMI factory for US$42 million.[70]

[71] Toyota plans to release an electric version of theRAV4 by 2012 using components from Tesla and the

platform of the RAV4.

Second generation Toyota Estima Hybrid

[edit]CarsFurther information: List of Toyota vehicles

As of 2009, Toyota officially lists approximately 70 different models sold under its namesake brand,

including sedans, coupes, vans, trucks, hybrids, and crossovers.[72] Many of these models are produced

as passenger sedans, which range from the subcompact Toyota Yaris, to compact Corolla, to mid-

sizeCamry, and full-size Avalon.[72] Vans include the Previa /Estima , Sienna, and others.[72] Several small

cars, such as the bB and tC, are sold under the Scionbrand.[72]

[edit]SUVs and crossovers

Toyota crossovers range from the compact Matrix and RAV4, to midsize Venza and Kluger /Highlander .[72] Toyota SUVs range from the midsize 4Runner to full-size Land Cruiser.[72] Other SUVs include

the Land Cruiser Prado and FJ Cruiser.[72]

[edit]Pickup trucksThe examples and perspective in this section may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article and discuss the issue on the talk page. (August 2010)

2007 Tundra Double Cab

The Tundra is a full-size pickup truck sold by Toyota that originally went into production in 1999 for the

2000 US model year. As of early 2010, the Tundra has captured 16 percent of the full-size half-ton

market in the US.[citation needed] The all new Tundra is assembled in San Antonio, Texas, US, US. Toyota

Motor Corporation assembled around 150,000 Standard and Double Cabs, and only 70,000 Crew Max's

in 2007. In addition to the Tundra, Toyota also produces theTacoma, with a smaller body and smaller

engine than its bigger brother. The Tacoma is also produced at the company's San Antonio facility.

Outside the United States, Toyota produces the Hilux in Standard and double cab, gasoline and diesel

engine, 2WD and 4WD versions. The BBC's Top Gear TV show featured 2 episodes of a Hilux that was

deemed "virtually indestructible".[73]

[edit]Luxury-type vehicles

Further information: List of Lexus vehicles

As of 2009, the company sells nine luxury-branded models under its Lexus division, ranging from

the LS sedan to RX crossover and LX SUV.[72] Luxury-type sedans produced under the Toyota brand

include the Century, Crown Royal, and Crown Athlete.[72] A limited-edition model produced for

the Emperor of Japan is the Century Royal.

[edit]Motorsport

Main article: Toyota in motorsports

Toyota has been involved in many global motorsports series. They also represent their Lexus brand in

other sports car racing categories. Toyota also makes engines and other auto parts for other Japanese

motorsports including formula Nippon, Super GT, formula 3 and formula Toyota series. Toyota also runs

a driver development programme known as TDP (Toyota Young Drivers Program) which they made for

funding and educating future Japanese motorsports talent.[74] Toyota Motorsport GmbH, with and

headquarters in Cologne, Germany) was previously responsible for Toyota's major motorsports

development including Formula One. Toyota Motorsport GmbH also developed cars for World Rally

Championship and Le Mans Series. Toyota enjoyed success in all these motorsports categories. In 2002,

Toyota entered Formula One as a constructor and engine supplier, however despite having experienced

drivers and a larger budget than many other teams, they failed to match their success in other categories,

with five second places their best results. On 4 November 2009 Toyota announced they were pulling out

of the sport due to the global economic situation.

[edit]TRD

Toyota Racing Development was brought about to help develop true high performance racing parts for

many Toyota vehicles. TRD has often had much success with their after market tuning parts, as well as

designing technology for vehicles used in all forms of racing.TRD is also responsible for Toyota's

involvement in NASCAR motorsports.

[edit]Non-automotive activities

[edit]Aerospace

Toyota is a minority shareholder in Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation, having invested US$67.2 million in the

new venture which will produce the Mitsubishi Regional Jet, slated for first deliveries in 2013.[75]Toyota

has also studied participation in the general aviation market and contracted with Scaled Composites to

produce a proof-of-concept aircraft, the TAA-1 in 2002.[76]

[edit]Philanthropy

The Toyota Municipal Museum of Art in Aichi, sponsored by the manufacturer

Toyota is supporter of the Toyota Family Literacy Program along with National Center for Family Literacy,

helping low-income community members for education, United Negro College Fund (40

annual scholarships), National Underground Railroad Freedom Center (US$1 million) among others.[77] Toyota created the Toyota USA Foundation.

[edit]Higher education

Toyota established the Toyota Technological Institute in 1981, as Sakichi Toyoda had planned to

establish a university as soon as he and Toyota became successful. Toyota Technological Institute

founded the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago in 2003. Toyota is supporter of the "Toyota Driving

Expectations Program," "Toyota Youth for Understanding Summer Exchange Scholarship Program,"

"Toyota International Teacher Program," "Toyota TAPESTRY," "Toyota Community Scholars"

(scholarship for high school students), "United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Internship

Program," and "Toyota Funded Scholarship."[78] It has contributed to a number of local education and

scholarship programs for the University of Kentucky, Indiana, and others.[78]

[edit]RoboticsMain article: Toyota Partner Robot

Toyota trumpet-playing robot

In 2004, Toyota showcased its trumpet-playing robot.[79] Toyota has been developing multitask robots

destined for elderly care, manufacturing, and entertainment. A specific example of Toyota's involvement

in robotics for the elderly is the Brain Machine Interface. Designed for use with wheelchairs, it "allows a

person to control an electric wheelchair accurately, almost in real-time", with his mind.[80] The thought

controls allow the wheelchair to go left, right and forward with a delay between thought and movement of

just 125 milliseconds.[80]

[edit]Finance

Toyota Financial Services Corporation provides financing to Toyota customers.

[edit]Agricultural biotechnology

Toyota invests in several small start-up businesses and partnerships in biotechnology, including:

P.T. Toyota Bio Indonesia in Lampung, Indonesia

Australian Afforestation Pty. Ltd. in Western Australia and Southern Australia

Toyota Floritech Co., Ltd. in Rokkasho -Mura , Kamikita District , Aomori Prefecture

Sichuan Toyota Nitan Development Co., Ltd. in Sichuan, China

Toyota Roof Garden Corporation  in Miyoshi-Cho, Aichi Prefecture

[edit]Financial information

Toyota is publicly traded on the Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, Fukuoka, and Sapporo exchanges under

company code TYO: 7203. In addition, Toyota is foreign-listed on the New York Stock

Exchangeunder NYSE: TM and on the London Stock Exchange under LSE: TYT. Toyota has been

publicly traded in Japan since 1949 and internationally since 1999.[81]

As reported on its consolidated financial statements, Toyota has 540 consolidated subsidiaries and 226

affiliates.

Toyota Motor North America  (100% – 2004)

Toyota Canada Inc.  owned via Toyota Motor North America

Toyota Tsusho  – Trading company for the Toyota Group

Daihatsu Motor Company  (51.2% – March 31, 2006)

Lexus  100% (1989)

Scion  100% (2003)

DENSO  (24.74% – September 30, 2006)

Toyota Industries  (23.51% – March 31, 2006)

Aisin Seiki Co.  (23.0% – September 30, 2006)

Fuji Heavy Industries  (16.66% – June 28, 2008)

Isuzu Motors  (5.9% – November 10, 2006)

PT Toyota Astra Motor  (49% – 2003)

PT Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indonesia  (95% – 2003)

[edit]Government bailouts

Toyota's financial unit has asked for an emergency loan from a state-backed lender on March 16, 2009,

with reports putting the figure at more than US$3 billion. It says the international financial situation is

squeezing its business, forcing it to ask for an emergency loan from the Japan Bank for International

Cooperation. It is the first time the state-backed bank has been asked to lend to a Japanese car

manufacturer.[82]

[edit]Production and sales numbers

Typical breakdown of sales by region

Calendar Year

Total Japan United States

Production Sales Production Sales Sales

1935 20

1936 1,142

1937 4,013

1938 4,615

1939 11,981

1940 14,787

1941 14,611

1942 16,302

1943 9,827

1944 12,720

1945 3,275

1946 5,821

1947 3,922

1948 6,703

1949 10,824

1950 11,706

1951 14,228

1952 42,106

1953 16,496

1954 22,713

1955 22,786

1956 46,716

1957 79,527

1958 78,856

1959 101,194

1960 154,770

1961 210,937

1962 230,350

1963 318,495

1964 425,764

1965 477,643

1966 587,539

1967 832,130

1968 1,097,405

1969 1,471,211

1970 1,609,190

1971 1,955,033

1972 2,087,133

1973 2,308,098

1974 2,114,980

1975 2,336,053

1976 2,487,851

1977 2,720,758

1978 2,929,157

1979 2,996,225

1980 3,293,344

1981 3,220,418

1982 3,144,557

1983 3,272,335

1984 3,429,249

1985 3,665,622

1986 3,660,167

1987 3,638,279

1988 3,956,697[83] 2,120,273[83]

1989 3,975,902[83] 2,308,863[83]

1990 4,212,373[83] 2,504,291[83]

1991 4,085,071[83] 2,355,356[83]

1992 3,931,341[83] 2,228,941[83]

1993 3,561,750[83] 2,057,848[83]

1994 3,508,456[83] 2,031,064[83]

1995 3,171,277[83] 2,060,125[83]

1996 3,410,060[83] 2,135,276[83]

1997 3,502,046[83] 2,005,949[83]

1998 5,210,000[84]

1999 5,462,000[85]

2000 5,954,723[86] 1,619,206[87]

2001 5,847,743[88] 4,046,637[88] 2,291,503[88] 1,741,254[citation needed]

2002 6,309,307[89] 4,138,873[89] 2,218,324[89] 1,756,127[90]

2003 6,826,166[91] 4,244,667[91] 2,305,635[91] 1,866,314[citation needed]

2004 7,547,177[92] 4,454,212[92] 2,387,556[92] 2,060,049[93]

2005 8,232,143[94] 4,611,076[94] 2,368,817[94] 2,260,296[citation needed]

2006 9,017,786[95] 5,085,600[95] 2,368,706[95] 2,542,524[96]

2007 9,497,754[97] 5,119,631[97] 2,261,515[97] 2,620,825[citation needed]

2008 9,225,236[98] 4,911,861[98] 2,153,197[98] 2,217,662[99]

2009 7,234,439[100] 3,543,199[100] 1,996,174[100] 1,770,147[101]

Calendar Production Sales Production Sales Sales

Year

Total Japan United States

Japan production numbers 1937 to 1987.[102] Global production since 1998, global and Japanese

production, Japanese sales since 2001 consolidated incl. Daihatsu and Hino.

[edit]Environmental record

The Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) implemented its Fourth Environmental Action Plan in 2005. The

plan contains four major themes involving the environment and the corporation's development, design,

production, and sales. The five-year plan is directed at the, "arrival of a revitalized recycling-based

society."[103] Toyota had previously released its Eco-Vehicle Assessment System (Eco-VAS) which is a

systematic life cycle assessment of the effect a vehicle will have on the environment including production,

usage, and disposal. The assessment includes, "... fuel efficiency, emissions and noise during vehicle

use, the disposal recovery rate, the reduction of substances of environmental concern, and CO2

emissions throughout the life cycle of the vehicle from production to disposal."[104]2008 marks the ninth

year for Toyota's Environmental Activities Grant Program which has been implemented every year since

2000. Themes of the 2008 program consist of "Global Warming Countermeasures" and "Biodiversity

Conservation."[105]

Since October 2006, Toyota's new Japanese-market vehicle models with automatic transmissions are

equipped with an Eco Drive Indicator. The system takes into consideration rate of acceleration, engine

and transmission efficiency, and speed. When the vehicle is operated in a fuel-efficient manner, the Eco

Drive Indicator on the instrument panel lights up. Individual results vary depending on traffic issues,

starting and stopping the vehicle, and total distance traveled, but the Eco Drive Indicator may improve

fuel efficiency by as much as 4%.[106] Along with Toyota's eco-friendly objectives on production and use,

the company plans to donate US$1 million and five vehicles to the Everglades National Park. The money

will be used to fund environmental programs at the park. This donation is part of a program which

provides US$5 million and 23 vehicles for five national parks and the National Parks Foundation.[107] However new figures from the United States National Research Councilshow that the continuing

hidden health costs of the auto industry to the US economy in 2005 amounted to US$56 million.[108]

The United States EPA has awarded Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc

(TEMA) with a ENERGY STAR Sustained Excellence Award in 2007, 2008 and 2009 [109][110][111]

In 2007, Toyota's Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) fleet average of 26.69 mpg-

US (8.813 L/100 km; 32.05 mpg-imp) exceeded all other major manufactures selling cars within the United

States. Only Lotus Cars which sold the Elise and Exige powered by Toyota's 2ZZ-GE engine did better

with an average of 30.2 mpg-US (7.79 L/100 km; 36.3 mpg-imp).[112]

[edit]See also

Companies portal

Japanese Car portal

Hiroshi Okuda

Leading firms by activity

The Toyota Group

List of Toyota vehicles

List of Toyota engines

List of Toyota manufacturing facilities

List of Toyota transmissions

Toyota Production System

Australian Motor Industries

Toyota Australia

Toyota Verblitz , the company's rugby team

Nagoya Grampus , formerly the company's football (soccer) club and still sponsored by them

G-BOOK , a telematic service offered in Japan

Multimode manual transmission

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107. ̂  Toyota Announces Million Dollar Donation to Everglades National Park. cnn.money May 06, 2008

retrieved same day

108. ̂  "New Study Shows $56 Billion in Hidden Health Damage From Autos". 2009-10-21. Retrieved

2009-10-23.

109. ̂  "Manufacturing & Engineering   : EPA Recognizes Toyota with 2007 Energy Star Sustained

Excellence Award / Toyota". Pressroom.toyota.com. Retrieved 2009-07-25.

110. ̂  "Manufacturing & Engineering   : EPA Recognizes Toyota with 2008 Energy Star Sustained

Excellence Award / Toyota". Pressroom.toyota.com. Retrieved 2009-07-25.

111. ̂  "NUMMI Truck Plant   : ENERGY STAR" . Energystar.gov. Retrieved 2009-07-25.

112. ̂  Abuelsamid, Sam (2008-07-25). "Toyota tops big company CAFE ratings for 2007 model year with

29.69 mpg — Autoblog". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2009-07-25.

2005 Toyota Highlander Hybrid.  Retrieved January 11, 2004 from CanadianDriver Communications,

Inc. (2004)

Toyota up close  Sales figures of Toyota.

Toyota becomes 3rd ranked US automaker behind GM and Ford  Bloomberg Report.

Consumer Reports reverses practice of automatically recommending all new Toyota cars and

trucks[dead link], Oct 16, 2007 ("Consumer Reports will no longer recommend any new or redesigned

Toyota-built models without reliability data on a specific design," the publication said in a statement.

"Previously, new and redesigned models were recommended because of the automaker's excellent

track record.")

Toyota Struggles to Meet Hybrid, Small Car Demand

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Official global sites

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«   previous  — Toyota road car timeline, North American market, 1980s–presentType 1980s 1990s

Model year 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

SubcompactTercel Tercel Tercel Tercel Tercel

Starlet Corolla FX PaseoCorolla Corolla

Corolla

CompactCorolla

Corona Camry Camry

Mid-sizeCamry

Full-size Cressida Cressida Cressida Cressida Avalon

Sport compactCorolla GT-S

Celica Celica Celica Celica Celica

SportsCelica Supra Celica Supra Supra Supra

MR2 MR2[hide]

v • d • e

Toyota light truck timeline, North American market, 1980s–present (

Type1980s 1990s

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Compact Crossover RAV4

Compact SUV 4Runner 4RunnerMid-size Crossover

Mid-size SUV

Full-size SUVLand Cruiser Land Cruiser

Minivan Toyota Van Previa

PickupToyota Pickup Toyota Pickup Toyota Pickup

T100[hide]

v • d • e

«   previous  — Toyota road cars timeline, 1985–presentType 1980s 1990s

Model year 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Subcompact

Starlet KP70 Starlet KP80Starlet KP90

Tercel, Corolla   II, Corsa L20 Tercel, Corolla   II, Corsa L30 Tercel, Corolla   II,

Corsa L40 Tercel, Corolla   II, Corsa L50

Compact

Corolla, SprinterE80 Corolla, Sprinter E90 Corolla, Sprinter E100 Corolla, SprinterCorona T150 Corona T170 Corona T190 Corona T210

Corona EXIV Corona EXIVCynos Cynos

Camry V10 Camry V20 Camry V30 Camry V40Vista V10 Vista V20 Vista V30 Vista V40

Compact luxury

Compact Wagon/VANCarina Surf Caldina T190

Mid-size carScepter

Windom XV10Aristo S147

Mark   II , Cressida,Chaser, Cresta X70 Mark   II , Cressida, Chaser,Cresta X80 Mark   II , Chaser, Cresta X90 Mark   II , Chaser

Mid-size wagon

Full-sizeCrown S120 Crown S130 Crown S130/S140 Crown S150

Celsior UCF10 Celsior UCF20Hybrid Prius NHW10

Flagship car Century VG40

Sport compact

Celica A60 Celica T160 Celica T180 Celica T200Carina A60 CavalierCarina T150 Carina T170 Carina T190

Carina ED T160 Carina ED T180 Carina ED T200

SportsSoarer Z10 Soarer Z20 Soarer Z30

Celica Supra A60 Supra A70 Supra A80Roadster MR2 AW10/11 MR2 SW20

Limited edition Toyota Sera Toyota Classic[hide]

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Lexus – a division of Toyota Motor Corp. – vehicle production timeline

Type1980s 1990s

9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

Compact

Mid-sizeES ES ES

GSFull-size LS LS

Crossover RX

SUVLX

CoupéSC

Sport

[hide]v • d • e

Toyota Motor CorporationMarques Toyota • Lexus • Scion • Daihatsu • Hino • Subaru (FHI shareholder) • Isuzu (shareholder) • Yamaha (Yamaha shareholder)

Current vehicles

4Runner • Allion • Alphard • Auris • Aurion • Avalon • Avanza • Avensis • Aygo • bB • Belta/Vios • Blade • Camry • CenturyComfort • Crown Hybrid • Crown Majesta • Crown Royal • Dyna • Etios • Estima /Previa  • Estima Hybrid  • FJ Cruiser • FortunerVIGO • Innova • iQ • Isis • ist • Kijang Innova  • Kluger • Kluger Hybrid  • Land Cruiser • Land Cruiser Prado • LiteAce • Mark X/ReizSette • Porte • Premio • Prius •Probox • Quick Delivery • Ractis • Raum • RAV4 • Regius Ace  • Rush • Sai • Semibon • SequoiaCruiser • Vanguard •Vellfire • Venza • Verso • Verso-S • Vitz/Yaris • Voxy  • WISH

Past vehicles

2000GT • AA • Allex • Altezza • Aristo • Brevis • Caldina • Cami • Camry Solara • Carina • Carina ED • Celica • Celsior • ChaserSpacio/Verso • Corsa •Cressida • Cresta • Curren • Cynos • FA/DA • DA115 • Duet • Echo • FJ40 • Fun Cargo • Gaia • GranviaCruiser • MR2 • MR-S •Nadia • Opa • Origin • Paseo • Picnic • Platz • Progrès • Pronard • Publica • Regius • Revo • Scepter •Marino • Starlet • Stout • Supra • T100 • Tamaraw • Tercel •Tiara • Van • Verossa • Toyota Vienta • Vista • Voltz • WiLL • Windom

Concept vehicles

1957 Sports • 4500GT • A-BAT • Alessandro Volta • Avalon • AXV-II • Toyota AXV-III • AXV-IV • CAL-1 • Camry TS-01Sporty Sedan • Corona Sports Coupe • Crown Convertible • CS&S • CX-80 • DMT • Dream Car • Dream Car Model • eComCelica • F3R • FCHV • Fine-N • Fine-S • Fine-X • FSC • FT-86 • FT-CH • FT-EV • FT-HS • FT-SX • FTX • FX-1 • FXV • FXV-II10 • Motor Triathlon Race Car • MP-1 • NLSV • PM • Pod • Prius Custom Plus Concept  • Project Go • Publica Sports  • RiN •X • Street Affair  • SV-1 • SV-2 • SV-3 • TAC3 • VM180 Zagato • Winglet • X • X-Runner

Engines • Transmissions • Manufacturing Facilities • Hybrid Synergy Drive • Toyota Racing Development

[hide]v • d • e

 Toyota Racing

Personnel: Tadashi Yamashina | John Howett | Pascal Vasselon | Ove Andersson  | Tsutomu Tomita

Noted drivers:   Timo Glock  |   Kamui Kobayashi  |   Cristiano da Matta  |   Allan McNish |   Olivier Panis |   Mika Salo |   

Formula One cars: TF101 | TF102 | TF103 | TF104 | TF104B | TF105 | TF105B | TF106 | TF106B | TF107 | TF108 | TF109 | TF110

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Toyota sportscar racers  (1968 - 1999)

Group 7 (1968 - 1970) 7

Group 5 (1977 - 1982) Celica LB Turbo · TOM'S Corolla G5 · Dome Celica Turbo

Group C (1983 - 1994) TOM'S Celica C · 83C · 84C · 85C · 86C · 87C · 88C · 89C-V · 92C-V · TS010

IMSA GTP (1988 - 1993) Mk. I · 88C · HF89 · Mk III

Le Mans (1998 - 1999) TOM'S LMP · GT-One (TS020)

[hide]v • d • e

Automobile industry in Japan

Marques ASL · Daihatsu · Dome (Jiotto · Hayashi) · Duesen Bayern  · Honda (Acura) · Isuzu · Kojima · Mitsuoka · Mazda (Amati · AutozamTrucks · Otomo · Subaru · Suzuki (Hope)  · Tommy Kaira · Toyota (Hino Motors · Lexus · Scion · Sigma · TOM'S) · Yamaha

Association Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association

[hide]v • d • e

Nikkei 225 companies of Japan

7&i · Advantest · ÆON · AGC · Ajinomoto · ALPS · ANA · Asahi Breweries · Asahi Kasei · Astellas · Bank of Yokohama · Bridgestone · Canon · Casio

Trust · Citizen · Clarion ·Comsys · Credit Saison · CSK · Daiichi Sankyo · Daikin · Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma · Daiwa House · Daiwa Securities · 

Heavy Industries ·Fujifilm · Fujikura · Fujitsu · Fukuoka Financial · Furukawa · Furukawa Electric · GS Yuasa · Heiwa Real Estate · Hino · Hitachi · Hitachi Construction Machinery

Mitsukoshi · Isuzu ·Itochu · JFE · J. Front Retailing · JGC · JR Central · JR East · JR West · JSW · JT · JTEKT · JX · Kajima · Kansai Electric Power 

Line · Kobelco · Komatsu · Konami ·Konica Minolta · Kubota · Kuraray · Kyocera · Kyowa Hakko Kirin · Marubeni · Maruha Nichiro · Marui · Matsui Securities

Chemical · Mitsubishi Corporation ·Mitsubishi Electric · Mitsubishi Estate · Mitsubishi Heavy Industries · Mitsubishi Logistics · Mitsubishi Materials 

Chemicals · Mitsui Fudosan · Mitsui Kinzoku ·Mitsumi · Mizuho · Mizuho Securities · Mizuho Trust · MOL · MS&AD · MUFG · NEC · NGK · Nichirei

Paper · Nippon Soda · Nippon Steel · Nippon Suisan ·Nissan · Nissan Chemical · Nisshin Seifun · Nisshin Steel · Nisshinbo · Nittobo · NKSJ · Nomura

Paper · OKI · Okuma · Olympus · Osaka Gas ·Pacific Metals · Panasonic · Panasonic Electric Works · Pioneer · Resona · Ricoh · Sanyo · Sapporo Brewery

Bank · Shionogi · Shiseido · Shizuoka Bank · Showa Denko ·Showa Shell · SKY Perfect JSAT · SoftBank · Sojitz · Sony · SUMCO · Sumitomo Chemical

Industries · Sumitomo Metal Mining ·Sumitomo Mitsui Financial · Sumitomo Osaka Cement · Sumitomo Realty · Sumitomo Trust · Suzuki · T&D · Taiheiyo Cement

Yuden · Takara · Takashimaya · Takeda · TDK · Teijin · TEPCO · Terumo · Tobu · Toho · Toho Zinc ·Tokai Carbon · Tokan · Tokio Marine  · Tokyo Dome

Land · Toppan · Toray · Toshiba · Tosoh · TOTO · Toyobo · Toyota · Toyota Tsusho · Trend Micro · Ube · Unitika · Uny · Yahoo! Japan ·Yamaha · 

[hide]v • d • e

TOPIX 100 companies of Japan

Core 30 7&i · Astellas · Canon · Honda · JFE · JR East · JT · KDDI · KEPCO · Komatsu · Mitsubishi Corporation · Mitsubishi Estate · Mitsui & Co.

docomo ·Panasonic · Shin-Etsu · Sony · Sumitomo Mitsui Financial · Takeda · TEPCO · Tokio Marine  · Toshiba · Toyota

Large 70

ÆON · AGC · Asahi Kasei · Bank of Yokohama · Bridgestone · Chubu Electric Power · Daiichi Sankyo · Daikin · Daiwa House · Daiwa

Securities · Denso · DNP · Eisai · FANUC · Fujifilm · Fujitsu · Hitachi · Hoya · INPEX ·Itochu · JR Central · JR West · Kao · Keyence

Chemical · Mitsubishi Electric · Mitsubishi Heavy Industries · Mitsui Fudosan · MOL · MSIG ·Murata · NEC · Nidec · Nikon · Nippon Oil

House · Sharp · Shiseido · SMC · SoftBank · Sompo Japan  · Sumitomo Chemical · Sumitomo Corporation ·Sumitomo Electric · Sumitomo Metal Mining

Trust · Suzuki · T&D · TDK · Tohoku Electric Power · Tokyo Electron · Tokyo Gas · Toppan · Toray · Yahoo! Japan · Yamada Denki

Categories: Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange | Companies listed on the London Stock

Exchange | Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange | Toyota | Automotive companies of

Japan | Bus manufacturers | Car manufacturers of Japan | Companies based in Aichi

Prefecture | Companies based in Michigan | Companies based in Tokyo | Companies established in

1937 | Companies of Japan | Motor vehicle manufacturers of Japan | Multinational companies | Family

businesses