TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE AND EFFICIENT BIOFUELS PRODUCTION – USE OF PERVAPORATION IN PRODUCT RECOVERY AND SEPARATION POKE Summer School 10.–16.8.2014 Saaremaa, Estonia D.Sc.(Tech.) Johanna Niemistö 1 August 2014 FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY / Environmental Engineering
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TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE AND EFFICIENT BIOFUELS PRODUCTION – USE OF PERVAPORATION IN PRODUCT RECOVERY AND
SEPARATION
POKE Summer School 10.–16.8.2014Saaremaa, Estonia
D.Sc.(Tech.) Johanna Niemistö
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August 2014FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY / Environmental Engineering
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DOCTORAL THESIS
I. García V, Päkkilä J, Ojamo H, Muurinen E & Keiski RL (2011) Challenges in biobutanol production: How to improve the efficiency? Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15(2): 964–980.
II. Niemistö J, Saavalainen P, Isomäki R, Kolli T, Huuhtanen M & Keiski RL (2013) Biobutanol production from biomass. In: Gupta VK & Tuohy MG (eds) Biofuel Technologies: Recent developments. Berlin-Heidelberg, Springer-Verlag: 443–470.
III. Niemistö J, Saavalainen P, Pongrácz E & Keiski RL (2013) Biobutanol as a potential sustainable biofuel - Assessment of lignocellulosic and waste-based feedstock. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems 1(2): 58–77.
IV. Niemistö J, Kujawski W & Keiski RL (2013) Pervaporationperformance of composite poly(dimethyl siloxane) membrane for butanol recovery from model solutions. Journal of Membrane Science 434: 55–64.
V. Niemistö J, Pasanen A, Hirvelä K, Myllykoski L, Muurinen E & Keiski RL (2013) Pilot study of bioethanol dehydration with polyvinyl alcohol membranes. Journal of Membrane Science 447: 119–127.
Public defence28.3.2014
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY / Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering / Johanna Niemistö
• Production and use of biomass-based biofuels and chemicalshave been increasing strongly during the 21st century
• Bioethanol and biodiesel are currently the most used liquidtransportation biofuels Alternative biofuels are also needed to fulfill the increasing
demand in the future Biobutanol has superior fuel properties over ethanol
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY / Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering / Johanna Niemistö
Figure from Renewables 2013 Global status report (REN21 (2013), p. 30)
THE AIM OF THIS WORK
• To gain new knowledge on the production of transportation biofuels (biobutanol and bioethanol)
• To point out the main challenges and bottlenecks in the present production processes
• To increase sustainability and process efficiency of production steps, e.g. by using enhanced processing techniques and improving the efficiency in energy and material usage
• To evaluate the feasibility of pervaporation as the product separation method for the recovery and purification of bioethanol and biobutanol, and other solvents after the fermentation step
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FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY / Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering / Johanna Niemistö
THE CONTENTOF THESIS
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FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY / Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering / Johanna Niemistö
Biobutanol production process: Papers I and II
• Superior fuel properties of butanol as comparedto ethanol
• Challenges in the processing• Overview of the used processing techniques and
recent improvements• Biorefinery perspective and resource efficiency
Sustainability assessment offeedstocks for biobutanol production:
Paper IIIBioethanol dehydration by
pervaporation: Paper V
• Feasibility study for thepervaporative bioethanoldehydration
• Pretreatment of bulk bioethanolby activated carbon filtration
Solvent recovery from aqueoussolutions by pervaporation:
Paper IV
• Permeation performance study for the removal of n-butanol, acetone and ethanol from aqueous model solutions
Towards sustainable and efficient biofuels
production – use of pervaporation in product recovery and purification
• European legislation and sustainability criteria
• Sustainability assessment of fourfeedstock sources
PRODUCTION OF TRANSPORTATION BIOFUELS (FERMENTATION PROCESS), PAPERS I AND II
1) Heating unit, 2) Feed tank, 3) Feed sampling, 4) Circulation pump,5) Membrane unit, 6) Cold traps, 7) Vacuum pump
PERVAPORATION EXPERIMENTS
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY / Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering / Johanna Niemistö
BUTANOL RECOVERY14
Membrane permselectivity followed the order ofacetone≈n-butanol>ethanol
Separation of ethanol was much lower as compared to acetone and n-butanol
Permeation of n-butanol is preferable in solutions containing several organic compounds, indicating that the tested PDMS-membrane has a potential to be used in the ABE fermentation process.
Niemistö J., Kuawski W., Keiski R.L. (2013), Pervaporation performance of composite poly(dimethyl siloxane) membrane for butanolrecovery from model solutions. Journal of Membrane Science, 434:55–64.
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY / Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering / Johanna Niemistö