Towards Semantic Integration of XML- based Business Process Models Jan Mendling, Uwe Zdun Dept. of IS and New Media, WU Wien Cristian Pérez de Laborda.

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process ModelsJan Mendling, Uwe ZdunDept. of IS and New Media, WU Wien

Cristian Pérez de LabordaDept. of CS – DB and IS, University of Düsseldorf

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 2

Agenda

1. Heterogeneity of BPM Standards

2. Applicability of Schema Integration

3. Ingredients of Metamodel Integration

4. Outlook

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 3

Agenda

1. Heterogeneity of BPM Standards

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 4

Scenario

Consulting

Customer

Simulation

Workflow

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 5

Heterogeneity problems

AMLAML

BPEL4WS

tools : metamodel : interchange format

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 6

Standardised interchange format is missing

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 7

Agenda

2. Applicability of Schema Integration

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 8

Schema Integration Methodology

• Schema conflicts

• Similarity relations between schema concepts

• Disjointness

• Intersection

• Subset

• Equality

• Criteria for global integrated schema (Batini et al. 1986)

• Completeness

• Minimality

• Understandability

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 9

Case of PNML and BPEL4WS

a

b c

<pnml><place id="1"> </initialMarking></place><arc source="1" target="2"/><transition id="2"> <name>a</name> </transition> <arc source="2" target="3"/> <place id="3"/>...

1

4

23 5

6

... ...

Petri Net Markup LanguagePetri Net Process Model

<process><sequence> <invoke a/> <flow> <sequence> <invoke b/> ... </sequence> <sequence> <invoke c/> ... </sequence> </flow></sequence>

BPEL4WS

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 10

Metamodels of PNML and BPEL4WS

Petri Net

Object

Transition

Arc

*

Node

Place

BPEL4WS

Activity

*

Sequence ......

*

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 11

Using schema integration?

Petri Net

Object

Transition

Arc

*

Node

Place

BPEL4WS

Activity

*

Sequence ......

*

Process

ProcessObject

*

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 12

Agenda

3. Ingredients of Metamodel Integration

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 13

Keep the balance

• Bottom-up schema integration

• Required concepts and relationships

• Generalisation of concepts

• Top-down domain modelling

• Identify mappings between concepts

• Consolidation of concepts

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 14

Agenda

4. Outlook

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 15

Next steps

• Definition of engineering process for metamodel integration reflecting

• Canonical representation of concepts (ontology-based)

• Complex semantic relationships

• XML design guidelines

• Case study on BPM standard integration

• Test for applicability in other domains

Jan Mendling, Uwe ZdunDept. of IS and New Media, WU Wien

Cristian Pérez de LabordaDept. of CS – DB and IS, University of Düsseldorf

Thank you foryour attention

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 17

Metamodels and interchange formats

Metamodel Interchange Format

ModelInterchange Format

Instance

instantiates instantiates

represents

maps to

see J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 18

Standardisierungs-Organisationen

• Object Management Group (OMG)

• Workflow Management Coalition

• Business Process Management Initiative (BPMI)

• Organization for the Advancement of Structured

Information Standards (OASIS) (+ UN/CEFACT)

• World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

• Akademische Initiativen

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 19

Effekte der Standardisierung von Austauchformaten

• Pragmatischer Effekt: Austausch von Modellen

• Ökonomischer Effekt: Reduzierter Lock-In, mehr Wettbewerb

• Konzeptioneller Effekt: Konsolidation der Konzepte

Quelle: J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 20

Agenda

3. Wie kann man Austauschformate definieren?

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 21

Aufgreifen der Vorlesung

• Methode, Technik, …

Quelle: D. Karagiannis, H. Kühn: Metamodelling Plattforms. In: K. Bauknecht, A. Min Tjoa, G. Quirchmayer, eds.: Proceedings of the Third International Conference EC-Web 2002 – Dexa 2002, Aix-en-Provence, France, Vol. 2455 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS), pages 182, September 2002. http://www.dke.univie.ac.at/mmp/FullVersion_MMP_DexaECWeb2002.pdf

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 22

Modell und Datei

UML-Klassendiagramm XMI-Datei

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 23

Austauschformate: Allgemeine Gestaltungs-Kriterien

• Einfachheit gute Verständlichkeit

• Vollständigkeit Bereitstellung aller wichtigen

Konzepte

• Allgemeingültigkeit für verschiedene Szenarien geeignet

• Eindeutigkeit Präzise Terminologie und Semantik

• Erweiterbarkeit für Zusatzinfo und Weiterentwicklung

Quelle: J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

Towards Semantic Integration of XML-based Business Process Models 13.04.2005Slide 24

Spezifikationsmöglichkeiten

• Interchange Format Onlybspw. BPEL4WS

• Mappings Onlybspw. XMI

• Joint Specificationbspw. PNML

Quelle: J. Mendling, G. Neumann, M. Nüttgens: A Comparison of XML Interchange Formats for Business Process Modelling. In: F. Feltz, A. Oberweis, B. Otjacques, eds.: Proc. of EMISA 2004 "Informationssysteme im E-Business und E-Government", Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Vol. 56 of Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI), pages 129-140, October 2004.

Metamodel Interchange Format

ModelInterchange Format

Instance

instantiates instantiates

represents

maps to

Metamodel Interchange Format

ModelInterchange Format

Instance

instantiates instantiates

represents

maps to

Metamodel Interchange Format

ModelInterchange Format

Instance

instantiates instantiates

represents

maps to