1 June 1 st . 2015 SW4SH 2015: First International Workshop on Semantic Web for Scientific Heritage Towards a Shared Reference Thesaurus for Studies on History of Zoology, Archaeozoology and Conservation Biology 1 Archéozoologie et archéobotanique, BBEES, Sorbonne Univ., MNHN, CNRS 2 I3S lab, CNRS, Univ. Nice Sophia C. Callou 1 , F. Michel 2 , C. Faron-Zucker 2 , C. Martin 1 , J. Montagnat 2 First International Workshop on Semantic Web for Scientific Heritage
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Towards a Shared Reference Thesaurus for Studies on History of Zoology, Archaeozoology and Conservation Biology
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1 June 1st. 2015 SW4SH 2015: First International Workshop on Semantic Web for Scientific Heritage
Towards a Shared Reference Thesaurus for Studies on History of Zoology,
C. Callou1, F. Michel2, C. Faron-Zucker2, C. Martin1, J. Montagnat2
First International Workshop on Semantic Web for Scientific Heritage
2 June 1st. 2015 SW4SH 2015: First International Workshop on Semantic Web for Scientific Heritage
Introduction
Diverse disciplines share common Data Integration needs: Gather, combine, make sense of heterogeneous data and material
Zoomathia: study the history and transmission of zoological knowledge along historical periods
This involves various data sources:
• Ancient Literature and Iconography
• Bioarchaeology
• Conservation Biology
Need for controlled, well adopted semantic references Reference Thesauri about taxonomical, cultural,
chronological, geographical information...
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I2AF
The important development of rescue archaeology has generated the production of many reports rich in bioarchaeological data but hardly accessible for researchers.
It was urgent to collect these data, to benefit from new technologies, to preserve it for a long time and make it available for different users.
Creation of Archaeozoological and Archaeobotanical Inventories of France database (I2AF) – since 2004
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I2AF
This work was possible thanks to institutional partners
and particularly through the participation of all specialists in bioarchaeology
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I2AF: some figures
More than 3,200 references, of which 85% belong to « grey » literature (excavations reports, specialist studies or academic papers)
4,700 archaeological sites
46,600 archaeological contexts (pits, well, stratigraphic units etc.), dating Middle Paleolithic (300,000-30,000 years) until Modern Period
180,000 data (fauna and flora)
2,700 animal species (Mammals, Birds, Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Marine and Terrestrial Molluscs, Arthropods, Insects and some Worms and Parasitic Microorganisms)
These species belong to different categories: species still living today in the country, specially domestic forms, extinct species (eg Reindeer, Mammoth) or exotic species (eg Monkey, or, Buffalo, living in old menageries)
1,100 plant species
Data imported from excavation reports into I2AF is aligned on two thesauri : A chronological thesaurus (temporal terms with regards to cultural periods) A taxonomic thesaurus of zoological and botanical names TAXREF (TAXonomical REFerence): used as a national reference
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CD_NOM : Unique identifier of the scientific name CD_SUP : Identifier of the upper taxon in the classification
CD_REF : Identifier of the reference taxon
HABITAT: type of habitat in which the taxon usually lives (marine, fresh water, terrestrial …) A set of Biogeographical statuses, one for each geographical region (E for endemic, X for extinct, P for present …)
RANG : taxonomical rank
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From TAXREF to the Semantic Web
How to transition from this representation...
...to a Thesaurus exploitable as a semantic reference using semantic web technologies?
SKOS: Simple Knowledge Organization System W3C RDF-based standard to represent controlled vocabularies, taxonomies and thesauri. Bridge the gap between existing KOS and the Semantic Web and Linked Data.
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skosxl:altLabel
SKOS Modelling
Taxon skos:Concept
Reference name skosxl:Label
Synonym skosxl:Label
skosxl:prefLabel
Habitat skos:Concept
taxref:habitat
Biogeo. status skos:Concept
Taxonomical Rank skos:Concept
"Linnaeus, 1758”
nt:has_rank
“Delphinus delphis”
skos:broader
<http://inpn.mnhn.fr/taxref/v8/taxon/60878>
txn:authority
“Van Bree, 1971”
“Delphinus tropicalis”
<http://inpn.mnhn.fr/espece/cd_nom/60881>
txn:authority
skosxl:literalForm
"Short-beaked common dolphin"@en
taxref: vernacularName
skosxl:literalForm
<http://inpn.mnhn.fr/espece/cd_nom/60878>
taxref:bioGeoStatusIn
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Conclusion
Studies on transmission of zoological knowledge require integration of heterogeneous data and material: • Ancient literature, iconographic and archaeozoological resources
Need for controlled semantic references
TAXREF: Taxonomical Reference for
• Conservation Biology, Bioarchaeology, teachers, public collectivitites...
Ongoing work on the construction of a TAXREF-based SKOS thesaurus
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Perspectives
Need to extend TAXREF wrt. • Geographical scope: Mediterranean areas (Greece, Italy)
• Cultural, chronological and philological information
Enable use by linked-data based applications • Publish of the SKOS thesaurus
• Improve links with Linked Open Data
• Automatic discovery of links with well-adopted open data sets • General public sources or domain-specific taxonomies
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Thank you!
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Backup slides
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