TOWARD A POLYMORPHIC FUTURE INTERNET: AN INTERNET SCIENCE APPROACH Kavé Salamatian, LISTIC, Université de Savoie.

TOWARD A POLYMORPHIC FUTURE INTERNET:AN INTERNET SCIENCE APPROACH

Kavé Salamatian, LISTIC, Université de Savoie

Once upon a time, …, in the beginning

And now !

Happy birthday !!!!

Three anniversaries in 2009 20 years of WWW 30 years of USENET 40 years of Internet

Internet: a global media

The “Hourglass” as the model

From clear layers to spaghetti …

Ethernet

IPv4 IPv6

UDP TCP

HTTP SMTP

KaZaa

PPP

L2TP

PPPoE

ICMP

SOAP XMLRPC

ICMPv6

802.1q

ICA/Citrix

DNS IRC

The Real Internet looks like

8

The R&D « Learning » Curve

early middle late time

Sol

utio

n co

mpl

exit

y Solutions in use

Understanding of problem area

Solutions proposed

New CycleIndustry transfer9

New challenges in Networking

early middle late time

Sol

utio

n co

mpl

exit

y Opposite forces

ApplicationsRegulationEconomy

ManagementComplexity

Are We’re here or there or both!

10

Give it to me, I have 1G bytes phone flash.

I have 100M bytes of data, who can carry for me?

I can also carry for you!

Thank you but you are in the opposite direction!

Don’t give to me! I am running out of storage. Reach an

access point.

Internet

Finally, it arrive…

Search La Bonheme.mp3 for me

Search La Bonheme.mp3 for me

Search La Bonheme.mp3 for me

There is one in my pocket…

Nowadays … Pocket switched networks

Go back to basics

A network is build of components Local in a node or distributed Sitting in one layer or crossing layers Tightly or lightly coupled

Cooperating to transmit information from point to point.

Actual layered architecture is just one specific type of collaboration Collaborating through protocols

Autonomous networking idea Moving from pile view to puzzle view

Need for new theoretical framework

Cooperation ?

Full Cooperation Do the best possible behavior to reach a goal

Assuming full collaboration Is the goal achievable ? How to achieve the goal ?

Multi-user information Theory Non–cooperative

Selfish behavior Different rational goal How to mitigate conflicting rational goal ? Game theory

Malicious behavior Harmful goal How to contain irrational objectives ? Behavioral inference

Cooperation framework

• Each Node implement a forwarding function

• The forwarding function implement the cooperation

Forwarding function Examples

Flooding

Routing

Distributed computation

Network coding

Any other ?

CLEAN SLATE VS EVOLUTIONARY?

Exploring the future Internet

What is broken and need to be fixed?

What is the right approach? Is the clean slate approach

appropriate? Any transition methodology?

How difficult do you expect that a new architecture would be adopted? We have a few examples on how

difficult it is to change the current architecture: multicast, mobile IP, Intserv/Diffserv, and IPv6.

Any enabling factor?

Explore the possible Future(s) of the Internet Realistic view

Continuous evolution and change Usage and Services will become predominant User-centric approach to system design On-line social networks Greening the Internet Other factors than technology will be instrumental

Economics, Social behaviors, Entry cost, Regulation

A single architecture ?

The future Internet might be Polymorphic Various research projects, scientists and

“people” will propose new ideas GENI, FIND, FIRE, etc…

Building blocks Architectures Flexibility is the major constraint of

future Internet

Flexibility or the internet contortionist to accommodate Future

Internet polymorphism Enable different cooperation

paradigms in parallel. Enable easy deployment of

new application deployment. Without raising routing and

addressing to the application As Peer to Peer and overlay

networks A network where one could

implement, and deploy its new network protocols or cooperation schemes without disturbing other running protocols

Virtualization, the enabler

Properties Isolation

Fault, software and performance isolation

Encapsulation All VM state can be captured into

a file Interposition`

All guest actions go through monitor

Monitor can inspect, modify, deny operations

PlanetLab, OneLab, XORP, etc.

Security, Internet Achille Heel’s What should be in

future Internet security strong encryption and authentification ?

VPN’s Proxies ? Secure routing ?

Future Internet minimal security A secure execution environment

A code should be executed the way it is designed and not differently

An authentication mechanism Local of global authentication ?

Monitoring Interposition layer ?`

Scalability or the delusion of grandeur

Active BGP entries (FIB)

349893

All BGP entries (RIB)

10775196

Compact space routing

y

Peer

Q(x,y)

(x,y) d-dimensional space with n zones

2 zones are neighbor if d-1 dim overlap

Routing path of length:

Algorithm:Choose the neighbor nearest to the destination

Q(x,y) Query/Resource

key

Fundamental question Is it possible to design a compact space routing for any application ?

Enabling continuous deployment of New architectures

Virtualized substrate

IP world

Policies

Monitoring

Security

Federation

First applied to Test-beds federation

••• 26

Vision – The « Facility » framework27

Experimentally driven research

Why? Research driven by Intuition &

Experimentation + validation A Playground for enabling new architectures Shorter time to System/Market Complementary to Network Science

What? …Enforce a Federation effort on building a large-scale facility for “Internet” research Building, Operating, Maintaining a testbed is

costly Diversity and scale Lower the entry cost for experimentation

28

Conclusions

Two main positions Future Internet should be polymorphic

Enable the coexistence of different networking paradigms in the same framework

Virtualisation is a key enabler Future Internet needs a networking science

To have strong foundations rooted in Physics, information theory, economics, sociology,

ethnology, etc… Cooperation is a strong concept

Conclusions

Issues To develop this networking science Flexibility

Virtualization is key We are moving toward a “no architecture”

Security Sandbox, authentification and monitoring should be

integrated to architecture Scalability

Is it possible to construct infinitely scalable addressing and routing schemes

Clean Slate approach should enable the coexistence of different addressing/routing schemes.