Arguments for Community Participation 1 THE JOURNAL OF TOURISM STUDIES Vol. 14, No. 2, DEC. `03 , pp. 2 – 11 Arguments for Community Participation in the Tourism Development Process Cevat Tosun and Dallen J. Timothy Abstract This article presents a normative model of the argument for participatory tourism development. It is purposely tentative in manner to attract further attention from tourism scholars, practitioners and decision-makers. The normative model of community participation in the tourism development process has been built on a set of seven propositions. They deal with the relationships between the participator tourism development approach and the implementation of tourism plans, achieving sustainable tourism development, increasing tourist satisfaction, preparation of better tourism development by tourism professionals, fair distribution of costs and benefits among stakeholders, satisfaction of locally-felt needs, and strengthening the democratization process in Focal tourist destinations. While the arguments for community participation are presented positively, it is also noted that the validity and practicality of these arguments may not be feasible in some developing countries and peripheral regions in advanced economies owing to the existence of various operational, structural and cultural limitations. Introduction Although participation of a local community in the affairs governing its life dates back to the beginning of human society (Hollnsteiner, 1977), the participatory development approach has been employed as a modern instrument for better development since the 1950s under different names (de Kadt, 1982; United Nations, 1981). Citizen participation has been recognized as a major element of political dynamics in the post-industrial era. This may reflect the response of
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