Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three Group 3, C.B.Z-5 th Semester, St.Philomena’s College 1 Certificate This is to Certify that the nature study report submitted by the final year CBZ students of St. Philomena’s College, Mysore, is a work towards partial fulfillment of the syllabus as prescribed by the University of Mysore, for the year 2009 – 2010. Place: Mysore Date: 30 th October 2009 Signature of the Signature of the Teacher In charge Head of Department
Tour Report of CBZ Students-2009, St. Philomena's College
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Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 1
Certificate
This is to Certify that the nature study report
submitted by the final year CBZ students of St. Philomena’s
College, Mysore, is a work towards partial fulfillment of the
syllabus as prescribed by the University of Mysore,
for the year 2009 – 2010.
Place: Mysore
Date: 30th October 2009
Signature of the Signature of the
Teacher In charge Head of Department
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 2
Contents
Acknowledgement
Yercaud
Visit to Yercaud
First day
Botanical survery of India
Bhavani singh’s perfumery
Second day
Lady’s seat
Rose Garden
Shevoroy’s hills
Photographs
Our experience
Conclusion
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 3
Acknowledgement
We the student of III Year Bsc (CBZ & BBMB) would like to thank our beloved
principal Rev, Fr. Leslie Moras, who permittred us to go to study tour to Yercaud
in Tamil Nadu.
We are grateful to our lecturers Prof. Maria A
Lazarus, Head of the department of Botany and
Prof. Lizzy Cyriac who accompanied us to our
Botanical study tour to and gave us the
enormous knowledge above the flora in
Orchidarium in Botanical Survey of India in
Yercaud.
This tour was a surely a memorable experience
for us and was possible only because of them.
We also thank Rev. Fr. Anthony who provided
us nice Accomadation at Tilakam Nest.
Professor Maria
Professor Lizzy
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 4
Introduction The tour was organized by our
botany lecturers prof. maria A.L
and prof. Lizzy Cyriac. The main
tour was to have the better
understanding of Altitudinal
vegetation of chidarium herb
garden.
Yercaud is a beautiful hill station
near Salem, Tamil Nadu, India in
the Shervarayan range of hill
(Shevoroy’s) in eastern Ghats.
Yercaud is quit little hill station
on the Eastern Ghats, The only
of its kind in northem Tamil Naidu. It’s a cool place and a less expensive place than
either Ooty or Kodaikanal. Hence yercaud is also known as “Poor man’s Ooty”.
Yercaud is at an altitude of 1515 meters (4969 feet) above the mean sea level. The town
gets its name from the like located at its center-in Tamil “Yeri” means “like” and “Kaadu”
means “Forest”. The height of 5326 feet. Hence Yercaud hill area is also called shevaroy
hills.
Yercaud Presents a cool climate where temperature never rises above 30 C and dip
below 13 C. The peaceful hill station of Yercaud nestles among coffee plantatins ans
thickly forested shopes and is a good place for trekking and boating.
Some of the original forests continue to exist in the Yercaud hills and contain several
endemic species of plants and animals. They have faunal and floral similarities to the
western Ghats.
Yercaud is known for its coffee plantations and orange groves. It has an orchidarium run
by the “botanical survey of India.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 5
Journey
Day One
On the night of 30th September
2009, we gathered at 09:30pm at
St.Phillomena’s college and
departed from Mysore at 10:10pm
by Bus.
We arrived at Tamil Nadu at
01:00am and reached Yercaud at
07:00.am.
We stayed at Hotel Tilakam Nest .
At 9:00am we had veg- breakfast in the hotel. After that we went to the “National
Orchidarium and Experimental Garden.
At 10:00 in the morning we all were so excited to see the Botanical survey of India, an
experimental garden and the beautiful Orchidarium in yercaud. When e stepped in to the
botanical gardens we saw a large area fully covered with different live specimens of
plants.
There we met Dr. Umar Sheriff, scientist and the
director of the national Orchidrium in the Botanical
survey of India. He gave us the useful talk about
the Botanical gardens. He explained us about the
importance of the Botanical gardens world wide
and about the national Orchidarium.
Dr.Umar Sheriff
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 6
The BSI is a government
organization which was
established in 1890 and was
recognized in 1954. The BSI
aim was to explore plant
resources of the country
systematic survey. It provides
accurate and detailed
information regarding the
occurance, distribution, ecology
and economic utility of plants in
India.
The is collects, identified and distributes plant material, they are useful in educational
and research areas.
Botanical Survey of India (BSI)
BSI comes under Ministry of Environment forest. It has its head quarter in Calcutta. Ten
regional circles are present in different parts of India. They are:
1. Southern Circle- Coimbatore
2. Western Circle- Pune
3. Jodhpur Circle
4. Central Circle-Allahabad
5. Northern Circle- Dehradun
6. Sikkim Gangtok
7. North Eastern Circle-Itanagar
8. Deccan Circle-Hyderabad
9. North Eastern Circle-Shillong
10. Andaman & Nicobar circle
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 7
Objectives of BSI
1. To survey the plant resources of the country.
2. To undertake and complete taxonomic studies of all the flora of the country.
3. To enlist the endangered species, to undertake measures for the effective
conservation and to collect and maintain germplasm and gene bank of
endangered, patent and vulnerable species.
4. To bring out volumes of National Flora and Flora of States/Union Territories.
5. To identify, collect and preserve specimens of plants which are economically and
otherwise beneficial to human being and
6. To prepare National Database of herbarium collection including types, live
collections, plant genetic resources, plant distribution and nomenclature.
In BSI we came to know about many plant species with the help of the orchidarium
director Dr. Umar Shariff. He showed variety of live specimens of different species of
plants grown in the national orchidarium with pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and a vast
angiosperms. We came to have a knowledge of all plants with their hybrids and also of
endemic and endangered species.
Nature Study Tour Report – Group Three
Group 3, C.B.Z-5th
Semester, St.Philomena’s College 8
Family Orchidaceae Orchidaceae, the orchid family, is the largest family of the flowering plants
(Angiospermae).Its name is derived from the genus Orchis.
A majority of orchids are perennial epiphytes, which grow anchored to trees or shrubs in
the tropics and subtropics. Other species are lithophytes, growing on rocks or very rocky
soil, or are terrestrial. Nearly all temperate orchids are terrestrial.
Some orchids, like Neottia and Corallorhiza, lack chlorophyll and are unable to
photosynthesize. Instead, these species obtain energy and nutrients by parasitising soil
fungi through the formation of orchid mycorrhizas. The fungi involved include those that
form ectomycorrhizas with trees and other woody plants, parasites such as Armillaria,
and saprotrophs.[5] These orchids are known as myco-heterotrophs, but were formerly
(incorrectly) described as saprophytes due to the belief that they gained their nutrition by
breaking down organic matter. While only a few species are
achlorophyllous holoparasites, all orchids are myco-heterotrophic during germination and
seedling growth and even photosynthetic adult plants may continue to obtain carbon
from their mycorrhizal fungi.
Orchids are easily distinguished, as they share some very evident apomorphies. Among
these: bilaterally symmetric (zygomorphic), many resupinate, one petal (labellum) is
always highly modified, stamens and carpels are fused, and the seeds are extremely
small.
Orchids generally have simple leaves with parallel veins, although some Vanilloideae
have a reticulate venation. Leaves may be ovate, lanceolate, or orbiculate, and very
variable in size. Their characteristics are often diagnostic. They are normally alternate on
the stem, often plicate, and have no stipules. Orchid leaves often have siliceous bodies
called stegmata. The leaves of some orchids are considered ornamental. eg. Macodes
sanderiana. The leaves of some orchids show xerophytic characters.
All orchids are perennial herbs and lack any permanent woody structure. Orchids can