Toshi Tajima- Compact Laser Acceleration of Particles for Oncological Applications

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KPSIKansai Photon Science Institute


Compact Laser Acceleration of Particles forOncological Applications

ToshiToshi Tajima Tajima Kansai Photon Science Institute Kansai Photon Science Institute Japan Atomic Energy Agency Japan Atomic Energy Agency

49th AAPM Annual MeetingTherapy SymposiumNovel Particle Acceleration Techniques

July 24, 2007

Collaborators: S. Bulanov, T. Esirkepov, H. Daido, M. Kando, Y. Fukuda, M. Yamagiwa, Y. Hishikawa, M. Murakami, M. Abe, M. Mori, Y. Kato, Y. Kimura, T. Okazaki, K. Noda, S. Okada, H. Kiriyama, V. Malka, S. Miyajima, Y. Okazaki, K. Sutherland, K. Saito, S. Orimo, K. Moribayashi, C. Ma, A. Sagisaka, H. Kotaki, K. Nakajima, L.M. Chen

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JAEA-PW and More Recent LasersJAEA petawatt laser(2001)

Commercially available now

JAEA KPSI (Kyoto)

GIST laser (2006)

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Ion Beam Therapy

Treatment Effect of Proton Beam: Upper Chin Treatment Before and After

(Hishikawa 2006)

ProstaticC

ancerR

ectum

X-ray: Intensity Modulation(IMRT)

Proton Beam: Precise Dose

Advantage of Ion Beam Therapy

100

0 5 10 15Depth from Body Surface [cm]

Dos

e[%

]

γ-ray

X-ray

Neutron

Proton

Carbon Ion

Radiation Dose Distribution

Focus

80

60

40

20

0

Cancer Therapy in Japan

Cancer Patients: 500,000 People/yr

Radiation Treatments: 120,000 People/yr

Proton Treatments: < 1,000 People/Yr(Applicants: 30,000 People/Yr)

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Large waves break (nonrelativistic regime)

wakefields

2D waves break

Large wave breaks in nonrelativistic regime (at v << c)

(Hiroshige)(Hokusai)

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Laser Acceleration: [Relativistic Regime]

Dream Beam

Theory of Tajima-Dawson(1979)T. Tajima and J. Dawson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43, 267 (1979).

Wakefield peaks at ~c

Laser Light

E0 ≈ 1000 GV/m

Relativistic Optics

The dawn of compact particle acceleratorsLOA, LBL, Rutherford （Nature, 2004)

Wakes

Cusp of Electron Densityvph < c~

=Wakefield Acceleration with Laser

GeV Acceleration over 3cm (2007):LBL

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Targets of Innovation

Ⅰ．Compactification of Accelerator: Compact Laser-Drive Particle Therapy

Ⅱ．Spot-Scanning Therapy Technology

Ⅲ． Coordinated Proton Irradiation with PET Diagnosis

Ⅳ．Personnel Training

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I. Compactification of accelerator

LaserProton

Irradiation Point

Tape Target

Prasma Monitor

Tape Target

10 cm

Mirror

Laser

100

0 5 10 15Depth from Body Surface [cm]

Com

para

tive

Rad

iatio

n [%

]

g-ray

X-ray

Neutron

Proton

Carbon Ion

Radiation Dose Distribution

Focus

80

60

40

20

0

Building Size,>10 billion yen

10m, 1 billion yen

Size DownCost Down

(Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center)

Ion Detection Proton

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I. Laser Acceleration for Cancer Therapy

Future of Laser-driven Acceleration

Mono-energyInnovation

LASER Target

Mono-energy proton（3D-Simulation,JAEA）

0.1mm 30µm

Protons

Adiabatic Acceleration Innovation

A: Usual TargetB: Devised Target in ShapeC: Devised Target in Shape and Material

D: Double-layer Target for Monoenergy

Max. Energy

Ave. Energy

Simulation of 300TW Laser Irradiation

100 MeV

Proton energy

Heavyions

医療利用の領域

ABC

D⊥̂

Most experimental configurations of proton

acceleration

c

metal target

c

graded target

laserprotons electrons

Laser Intensity (Wcm-2)

Prot

on E

nerg

y (M

eV)

Medical Applications

Our Innovation (“Adiabatic Acceleration”)

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Quasi-mono-energetic ion beam 8/12

proof-of-principle experiment demonstrated the double-layer target scheme

1019 W/cm2

1021 W/cm2

Micro-structuredtarget (backsidephoto)

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I. Adiabatic (Gradual) Acceleration

Accelerating structure↓

Inefficient if suddenly

accelerated

protons ↑

Efficient when gradually

accelerated

↓ Accelerating structure↓

(“Adiabatic Acceleration”)JAEA Innovation

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II. Spot-Scanning Simulation of Laser Proton Radiotherapy

a

(Simulation of dose distribution)

b

Spot-scanning simulation of laser proton radiotherapy for eye melanoma (a,b) and ARMD (c,d).

c d

Particle-in-cell simulation (PIC) software which calculates the properties of laser-accelerated protons, Monte-Carlo simulation software, and visualization tools for the dose evaluation were used. Iso-dose curve:Blue: 25%, Sky blue: 50%, Yellow: 75%, Orange: 90%, Red: 110%. Miyajima(JAEA)2005

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III. Coordinated Proton Irradiation with PET Diagnosis by Radioncologist

Compact Laser Drive Particles Therapeutic InstrumentPhoto from http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/label_france/51/gb/10.html

Auto emission images of PET after proton treatment

Proton Beam: 190MeV

76GyE/20Fr ×2

Synchronization with PET Diagnosis

Proton flux

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(air) (water)

Use of self-radiation by proton irradiation

Generation of 15O by radiation of water

Generation of 11C by radiation of water

15O : half life 2min.

11C : half life 20min.

It improves accuracy by a real-time measurement.

Laser system

Control system

Laser transportProton source

Patient

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IV. On-the-Job-Training of Interdisciplinary Personnel

医学物理士Knowledge SharingTailor made Medicine Medical Science And Engineering

Nano MedicineAlliance of Graduate Schools

Polished SkillsHuman Resource Developmentof Interdiscipline

Hyogo Ion Beam Medical CenterAs a Training Center

Demonstration of Radiation

Interdisciplinary

Radiation Experiments on Animals

Homebase

Keihanna Center for New Industry Creation and Exchange etc.

Out ReachEducation

Training

University

Beam Line

AILNICUILSummer Schoolin Asia

Human Resource Development

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National Project for Laser-Driven TherapyMinistry of Education and Science (MEXT) Fund for Innovation Advanced Study (2007-2017)

Photo Technology + Medical Science + Industries = Innovation for Compact Oncological TherapyHIBMCKyoto Univ. etc.

JAEA 9 Companies

International Forum on Photon-Medical Valley (2006)

MEXT Project Kickoff Meeting (2007)

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Targets after Ten years

Road map of Innovation by Laser-Acceleration technology

Cancer Therapy, etc

Eye Therapy

（AMD）

Radioactive Measurement

Industrial use of Photo-Medical

（Fiber scope, etc）

Proton Radiography（non-medical applications）

RI production for PET

X-ray Source

Ｅｐ～200MeV

Ｅｐ～50-70MeV

Ｅｐ～10MeV

Laser Acceleration

Medical Innovation by Laser-driven Therapy

（years）

10

7

3

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Project Execution : Directorate of “Center”

Photo-Medical Research Center at JAEA

PI

President of JAEA

Steering Board

Project Leader

Center Management Team

Research TeamProject Promotion Team

Advisory Committee

・Government affairs

・Budget affairs

・Laser Development・Laser Acceleration Irradiator・Proof-of-Principle Experiment・Dose Monitor・Other Industrial Applications

・Coordination with industrial partners

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SummaryEstablishment of Photo-Medical Research Center at JAEA

(1)Enables Compact Laser Acceleration for Therapy(2)Collaborative Center for Laser Science + Oncology + Medical

Industries(3)Human Resource Development of Interdisciplinary Fields(4)Physicians and Physicists; Learn from Each Other

Impacts

Compact; Early Detection (Diagnosis, Niches) ; “Shoot while watch” Ion Beam Therapy

Create New Hightech Industries through Photo-Medical Research Center

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Inauguration of Photo-Medical Research Center

Come Join and Help Us!We are forming an international team.

Thank you!

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Comparison between a Conventional Particle Accelerator and a Laser Proton Accelerator

Comparison between a conventional particle accelerator (synchrotron/cyclotron) and a laser proton accelerator (at present).

Accelerator Systems

Synchrotron or Cyclotron Laser ions at present

Size of machine large (Ф30m in HIBMC)

small (table top)

Cost Expensive(170 million EUR at HIBMC) inexpensive

Energy up to 230MeV in HIBMC several tens of MeV (at present)

Change of energy much time easy and rapid

Range 32cm(whole body)

several cm (superficial tumor)

Beam size about 10mm <1mm (at source)

Toshi Tajima- Compact Laser Acceleration of Particles for Oncological Applications

Documents

conventional

medical research

laser proton

laser proton

proton beam

laser acceleration

devised target

nonrelativistic