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Topographical dictionary - text menu
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Topographical dictionary - Regions I and II
[Regio I]Forum | Roads | Insula I | Insula II | Insula III |
Insula IV | Insula V | Insula VI | Insula VII | Insula VIII |
Insula IX |Insula X | Insula XI | Insula XII | Insula XIII | Insula
XIV | Insula XV | Insula XVI | Insula XVII | Insula XVIII |
InsulaXIX | Insula XX | Horrea | Palazzo Imperiale | Navalia and
Temple | Baths | Small harbour | Mitreo Fagan | TorBoacciana
[Regio II]Porta Romana | Roads | Insula I | Insula II | Insula
III | Insula IV | Insula V | Insula VI | Insula VII | Insula VIII
|Insula IX | Insula X | Insula XI | Insula XII
Gold: not to be missed Silver: worth a visit Bronze: of minor
interest
[Regio I - Forum]Introduction to the ForumCapitoliumCircular
structureTempio di Roma e Augusto
[Regio II - Porta Romana]Porta Romana
[Regio I - Roads]Bivio del Castrum
[Regio II - Roads]DecumanusVia della Fontana
[Regio I - Insula I]Caseggiati I,I,1-3 and
Caseggiato del Portico delle Mura del Castrum (I,I,4)
[Regio II - Insula I]Caseggiato del Cane Monnus (II,I,1)Mitreo
Aldobrandini (II,I,2) and Torre sul Tevere
(II,I,3)
[Regio I - Insula II]Ninfeo I,II,1Caseggiato del Pantomimo
Apolausto and
Caseggiato del Balcone Ligneo (I,II,2.6)Piazza dei LariBasilica
(I,II,3)Aula del Buon Pastore (I,II,4)Caseggiato del Termopolio /
Caseggiato del Bar
(I,II,5)
[Regio II - Insula II]Magazzini repubblicani (II,II,1-2)Terme
dei Cisiarii (II,II,3)Sacello II,II,4 Mitreo presso Porta Romana
(II,II,5)Portico del Tetto spiovente (II,II,6)Horrea Antoniniani
(II,II,7)
[Regio I - Insula III]Caseggiato dei Molini (I,III,1)Sacello del
Silvano (I,III,2)Caseggiato di Diana (I,III,3-4)Mitreo del
Caseggiato di Diana (I,III,3-4)Caseggiato del Mitreo di Menandro
(I,III,5)Mitreo di Menandro (I,III,5)Caseggiato I,III,6
[Regio II - Insula III]Edificio II,III,1.2.5Case di Via dei
Vigili (II,III,3-4)
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[Regio I - Insula IV]Botteghe I,IV,1Domus di Giove e Ganimede
(I,IV,2)Casa di Bacco Fanciullo (I,IV,3)Casa dei Dipinti
(I,IV,4)Caseggiato dei Doli (I,IV,5)Pistrinum near I,IV,5
[Regio II - Insula IV]Portico di Nettuno (II,IV,1)Terme di
Nettuno (II,IV,2)
[Regio I - V]Botteghe I,V,1Portico est di Pio IX and loggia
(I,V,2)
[Regio II - Insula V]Caserma dei Vigili (II,V,1-2)Bars next to
east entrance of Caserma dei VigiliTerme sotto la Via dei
Vigili
[Regio I - VI]Portico ovest di Pio IX and loggia
(I,VI,1)Caseggiato del Balcone a mensole (I,VI,2)
[Regio II - Insula VI]Caupona di Fortunato (II,VI,1)Ninfeo
II,VI,2Casa dell'Ercole Bambino (II,VI,3-4)Casa del Soffitto
Dipinto (II,VI,5-6)Caseggiato delle Fornaci (II,VI,7)
[Regio I - VII]Caseggiato dei Misuratori del Grano
(I,VII,1-2)
[Regio II - Insula VII]Oratorio cristiano (II,VII,1)Teatro
(II,VII,2)Colonna con GenioArco onorario di CaracallaSacello
dell'Ara dei Gemelli (II,VII,3)Piazzale delle Corporazioni
(II,VII,4)Tempio II,VII,5Ninfei II,VII,6-7
[Regio I - VIII]Piccolo Mercato (I,VIII,1)Horrea I,VIII,2Horrea
Epagathiana et Epaphroditiana (I,VIII,3)Caseggiato
I,VIII,4Caseggiato I,VIII,5Botteghe I,VIII,6Caseggiato
I,VIII,7Caseggiato I,VIII,8Botteghe I,VIII,9Botteghe I,VIII,10
[Regio II - Insula VIII]Botteghe II,VIII,1Quattro Tempietti
(II,VIII,2)Ninfeo II,VIII,3Sacello di Giove (II,VIII,4)Domus di
Apuleio (II,VIII,5)Mitreo delle Sette Sfere (II,VIII,6)Caseggiato
II,VIII,7Caseggiato II,VIII,8Caseggiato II,VIII,9
[Regio I - Insula IX]IntroductionCaseggiato dietro la Curia
(I,IX,1)Caseggiato I,IX,2Caseggiato del Larario (I,IX,3)Curia
(I,IX,4)
[Regio II - Insula IX]Ninfeo II,IX,1Caseggiato II,IX,2Aula del
Gruppo di Marte e Venere (II,IX,3)Tempietto repubblicano
(II,IX,4)Edificio II,IX,5Edificio II,IX,6
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Topographical dictionary - text menu
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Grandi Horrea (II,IX,7)
[Regio I - Insula X]IntroductionTaberne Repubblicane
(I,X,1)Caseggiato I,X,2Officina Stuppatoria (I,X,3)Tempio
Collegiale and Mitreo di Fructosus (I,X,4)
[Regio II - Insula X]Gruppo di rovine a nord della Via degli
Scavi, nonsegnato sulla pianta (II,X)
[Regio I - Insula XI]IntroductionTempio Rotondo (I,XI,1)Domus
del Tempio Rotondo (I,XI,2-3)Portico I,XI,4Basilica (I,XI,5)
[Regio II - Insula XI]Fullonica II,XI,1Caseggiato della
Fullonica (II,XI,2)
[Regio I - Insula XII]IntroductionCaseggiato dei Triclini
(I,XII,1)Foro della Statua Eroica (I,XII,2)Exedra I,XII,3Caseggiato
della Cisterna (I,XII,4)Caseggiato I,XII,5Terme del Foro
(I,XII,6)Botteghe I,XII,7Sede di una corporazione (I,XII,8)Edificio
I,XII,9Caseggiato a tabernae I,XII,10Portico I,XII,11
[Regio II - Insula XII]Edificio a cortile porticato (II,XII)
[Regio I - Insula XIII]Horrea I,XIII,1Caseggiato
I,XIII,2Fullonica I,XIII,3Molino I,XIII,4Caseggiato I,XIII,5Domus
delle Gorgoni (I,XIII,6)
[Regio I - Insula XIV]Ninfeo I,XIV,1Caseggiato del Mosaico del
Porto (I,XIV,2)Domus dell'Area Sacra (I,XIV,3)Caseggiato
I,XIV,4Domus di Amore e Psiche (I,XIV,5)Caseggiato
I,XIV,6Caseggiato I,XIV,7Terme del Bagnino Buticosus
(I,XIV,8)Caseggiato I,XIV,9
[Regio I - Insula XV]
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IntroductionEdificio pubblico (I,XV,1)Tempio tetrastilo
(I,XV,2)Aula delle Are (I,XV,3)Edificio I,XV,4Tempio di Ercole
(I,XV,5)Tempio dell'Ara rotonda (I,XV,6)Edificio pubblico
(I,XV,7)
[Regio I - Insula XVI]Caseggiato I,XVI,1Caseggiato I,XVI,2
[Regio I - Insula XVII]Caseggiato con
fornace per laterizi (I,XVII,1)Terme del Mitra (I,XVII,2)Mitreo
delle Terme del Mitra (I,XVII,2)Fullonica delle Terme del Mitra
(I,XVII,2)Oratorio Cristiano delle Terme del Mitra (I,XVII,2)
[Regio I - Insula XVIII]Caseggiato I,XVIII,1
[Regio I - Insula XIX]Aula dei Mensores (I,XIX,1.3)Tempio dei
Mensores (I,XIX,2)Horrea dei Mensores (I,XIX,4)Terme Piccole
(I,XIX,5)Caseggiato dei Doli near I,XIX
[Regio I - Insula XX]Horrea I,XX,1
[Regio I - Horrea]Horrea
[Regio I - Palazzo Imperiale]Palazzo ImperialeMitreo del Palazzo
Imperiale
[Regio I - Navalia]Navalia and Temple
[Regio I - Baths]Baths
[Regio I - Small harbour]Small harbour
[Regio I - Mitreo Fagan]Mitreo Fagan
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[Regio I - Tor Boacciana]Tor Boacciana
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Regio I - Forum - Capitolium
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Regio I - Forum - Capitolium
At the north end of the Forum are the remains of a very large
temple, measuring35 x 15.5 m. The preserved height is 17 m., the
original height may have beenover 20. It was built during the reign
of Hadrian (c. 120 AD). It has been arguedthat Hadrian himself and
certain people close to the Imperial court contributed tothe
building of this important temple.
The ruins must always have been visible. Records of the removal
of marble fromits walls date back to the 15th century. The
destruction continued until the early19th century.
Until the early 20th century it was often stated that this was
the temple ofVulcanus, the main deity worshipped in Ostia. Already
in the 19th centuryhowever, it was suggested that it was the
Capitolium, a temple dedicated to themain Roman deities, the
Capitoline triad (Jupiter, Juno and Minerva). Capitoliacould be
found in many cities in the western half of the Empire, following
theexample of the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus on the Capitoline
hill in Rome. Thesuggestion is supported by the position and size
of the temple, but conclusiveevidence has never been found. On the
other hand: we know from an inscriptionthat the temple of Vulcanus
was restored in 112 AD. That date cannot bereconciled with the date
of the Capitolium, which is based on accurately datedstamps on
several bricks.
In front of the temple was a marble altar, with a frieze of
weapons. The templeitself was erected on a high podium, possibly
intended as an artificial Capitolinehill. A huge staircase of 21
steps leads to a vestibule, originally surrounded by tenmarble
columns. A marble frieze with ox-heads and festoons was over
thevestibule. The walls of the cella were erected in brick. There
is a strikingpolychrome effect, through the use of yellow bipedales
for relieving arches andbonding courses, and of red bricks. Does
this indicate that in the Hadrianic periodthe bricks were not
covered? At some point in time the inside and outside of thewalls
were certainly lined with marble, however: holes for the attachment
of themarble decoration (including marble pilasters on the outside)
can be seen.Remains of a marble cornice were found.
In the entrance to the cella is a marble threshold, made of one
block (6.16 x 1.42m.). It is only slightly smaller than the
threshold of the Pantheon in Rome. Thedoors were probably made of
bronze. The cella had a marble floor, that has nowdisappeared (it
is known from 19th century drawings: squares enclosing rhombs).In
the side walls are three niches, the central one semicircular, the
flanking onesrectangular. They must have contained statues. Set
against the back wall is apodium with a tripartite substructure,
accessible via staircases on the sides. Oneshould imagine the cult
statues of the Capitoline triad here.
Below the temple, in the podium, is a basement: a row of three
rooms, coveredby barrel vaults, accessed through a door in the back
side of the building. Therooms have floors of opus spicatum. They
are lit through slit windows. The
Plan of the Capitolium. AfterSO I.
Plan of the Capitolium from
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function of these rooms is unknown. We are probably not far from
the truthhowever, when we imagine that important records were
stored here or theaerarium publicum, the "public treasure".
An inscription mentions an aedituus Capitoli, A. Ostiensis
Asclepiades. Thistemple-keeper was a freed slave of the town, like
Q. Ostiensis Felix, temple-keeper of the Temple of Rome and
Augustus. The latter temple is thecounterpart of the Capitolium, at
the south end of the Forum. But the Capitoliumalso had an effect
towards the north. Between the back wall of the Capitoliumand the
Tiber runs the northern stretch of the Cardo Maximus. The street is
agrand avenue, very wide, and flanked on both sides by porticoes.
An importantpoint of arrival and departure for sea-faring
passengers was presumably locatedat the spot where the Cardo met
the Tiber. We may imagine the departure andarrival on this spot of
Emperors and many officials. Those arriving in Ostia wouldenter the
city via the Cardo, to be confronted with the impressive back wall
ofthe Capitolium. After skirting the temple (something only
pedestrians could do)they entered an open space: the Forum. It is a
well-known architectural effect.
1804, showing the pavementof the cella.
From Paschetto 1912, fig. 100.
Photographs
The Capitolium, seen from the south. Photograph: Bill
Storage.
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Regio I - Forum - Capitolium
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The altar with the frieze of weapons. Photograph: Jan Theo
Bakker.
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Regio I - Forum - Capitolium
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The exterior of the Capitolium, seen from the west. Photograph:
Max Victor David.
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The interior of the Capitolium, seen from the south-west.
Photograph: Jan Theo Bakker.
The Cardo Maximus and the Capitolium, seen from the north-west.
Photograph: Jan Theo Bakker.
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Part of the cornice. Photograph: Jan Theo Bakker.
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The entrance of the basement in the back. Photograph: Jan Theo
Bakker.
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The basement, now used for storage of lead water-pipes.
Photograph: Jan Theo Bakker.
[jthb - 15-Jul-2003]
ostia-antica.orgTopographical dictionary - text menuRegio I -
Forum - Capitolium