Topic 4 Rocks
Jan 05, 2016
Topic 4
Rocks
Minerals- the building blocksMinerals- the building blocks
• Naturally occurring
• Inorganic
• Crystalline structure
• Specific chemical composition
Halite crystal (salt)
Source: Photograph © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./Bob Coyle, photographer.
Galena (lead and sulfur)
Source: Photograph © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./Doug Sherman, photographer.
RockRock
• A naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineral materials
The Rock CycleThe Rock Cycle
• Plate tectonics and weathering drive the rock cycle
• 3 types of rocks on Earth– Igneous– Sedimentary– Metamorphic
The Rock CycleThe Rock Cycle
The Rock CycleThe Rock Cycle
• Igneous Rocks– Formed by the crystallization/solidification
of magma– Granitic or Basaltic
– Instrusive: solidified inside Earth– Extrusive: solidified on Earths surface
Granite
(intrusive)
Source: Courtesy of Carla W. Montgomery.
Obsidian
(extrusive)
Source: Photograph © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./Bob Coyle, photographer.
Basalt
Source:Courtesy of Carla W. Montgomery.
The Rock CycleThe Rock Cycle
• Sedimentary Rocks– Chemical precipitation
• Limestone (carbonate)
– Sedimentation• Sandstone (conglomerate), shale
Limestone
Source: Photograph by I.J. Witkind, USGS Photo Library, Denver, CO.
Shale
Source: Photograph © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./Bob Coyle, photographer.
Sandstone
Source: Photograph © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./Doug Sherman, photographer.
The Rock CycleThe Rock Cycle
• Metamorphic Rocks– Changed form– Heat, pressure
Marble