- 1. Notice, we are still in unit 2 discussing the 2nd Industrial
Revolution. Also notice we have moved into a new topic. Topic 3 is
about how heavy industry contributed to the United States becoming
a powerful industrialized nation.
2. Analyze how heavy industry transformed the American economy
from an agrarian to an increasingly urban industrial society. Take
out your handout and write the learning objective (what you need to
learn from this lesson). Write, Analyze how heavy industry
transformed the American economy from an agrarian to an
increasingly urban industrial society. 3. Industries such as steel,
oil, automobile, mining, etc. which require very large investments
of capital (money) in weighty machinery and huge plants
(factories). Take out your handout and write the definition for
heavy industry-- Industries such as steel, oil, automobile, mining,
etc. which require very large investments of capital (money) in
weighty machinery and huge plants (factories). 4. Did rapid
industrialization improve the lives of Americans? Are the benefits
of progress worth the costs? By the end of the unit, you should be
able to discuss if industrialization improved the lives of
Americans, and are the benefits of progress worth the costs. 5. The
first heavy industry that we will discuss is steel. Steel
manufacturing greatly contributed to the success of the Industrial
Revolution. 6. It was a cheaper, faster way to make steel 2. What
was the Bessemer process? This success was brought about by a new
process that revolutionized the steel industry. Go to your handout.
Answer the next question, What was the Bessemer process? Write, It
was a cheaper, faster way to make steel. 7. 1850s Bessemer Process
Made steel faster and cheaper BEFORE BESSEMER PROCESS 1873 115,000
tons of steel manufactured AFTER BESSEMER PROCESS 1910 24 million
tons of steel manufactured Used to make railroad locomotives and
rails Used to make taller buildings Factories with steel machinery
turned out more manufactured goods Low cost of steel made it
practical for everyday items such as nails and wire 8. New Bessemer
production techniques increased efficiency (saved time) which in
turn lowered the cost of steel. The next question asks, In the late
1800s, what factor directly contributed to the growth of the steel
industry? In your handout write, New Bessemer production techniques
increased efficiency (saved time) which in turn lowered the cost of
steel. 9. Factories equipped with steel were able to produce more
manufactured goods to meet consumer demands which in turn made the
company more money. The question asks, How did the steel industry
lead to the Second Industrial Revolution? In your handout write,
Factories equipped with steel were able to produce more
manufactured goods to meet consumer demands which in turn made the
company more money. 10. Write: Improvements in steel made stronger
internal steel structure to support the building, it could be
taller; therefore taller buildings created greater population
density in urban areas DENSITY=CONCENTRA TION 11. Another heavy
industry that greatly contributed to the success of the Industrial
Revolution was railroads. 12. Write: Railroads transported goods
that were being manufactured, transported food crops and meat to
market, and provided jobs. 6. How would railroads help lead to the
2nd Industrial Revolution? 13. Write: Railroads made settlement in
the West easier, and caused new towns to spring up. 14. During the
late 1800s, major improvements to a nationwide system of trade and
the opening of the West to settlement were made with the
transcontinental Railroad. 15. 1910 May 10, 1869 at Promontory
Summit in Utah Territory The first transcontinental railroad
crossed the country Very quickly, railroad lines expanded! 16. The
third heavy industry we will discuss is petroleum (oil). 17. Write:
Petroleum products fuels a revolution in transportation (car
manufacturing) and other industries. 18. Our next focus of
discussion is mass production. Heavy industries adopted this form
of manufacturing 19. Henry Ford is the first to use the assembly
line and interchangeable parts. Other industries soon follow his
example 20. Write: Mass production is manufacturing large numbers
of identical items; Its effects are: it creates large increases in
production, decrease in prices, standardization of measurements,
and repetitive jobs (doing the same job at work over and over). 21.
WRITE: interchangeable parts, identical machine-made parts assembly
line system in which workers stay in one place, adding parts as
items go by 22. Write: It allowed for increased production, lowered
prices, increased sales 23. What were the three heavy industries we
discussed? They were steel, railroads, oil, and we discussed the
influence of car manufacturing when we discussed mass
production.