TOPIC ONE: INTRODUCTION TO GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING MUHAMMAD KHAIRUL ARIF FATIN NABIHAH
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TOPIC ONE: INTRODUCTION TO GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
MUHAMMAD KHAIRUL ARIFFATIN NABIHAH
BRIEF HISTORY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
BRIEF HISTORY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
• Guidance and counseling is a new field in science.• Counseling revolved with the work from Sigmund
Freud and few more analyst that have done the research about human emotion.
• Finally, a few famous names such as Albert Ellis, Eric Berne, William Glasser and Carl Rogers came out with their views and perspectives of guidance and counseling.
CRONOLOGY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING DEVELOPMENT IN AMERICA.• World War II had given a great impact on the
development of counseling. • In the late 1940s and 1950s, counseling had
grabbed the social attention as the counselors start giving treatments to the community as the country is restoring from the war.
• Guidance and counseling have become a major profession besides doctors, architect and builders.
FULL CHRONOLOGY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN AMERICA
Before 1900sCounseling is
viewed as giving
advises
1900sSigmund
Freud came out with the
Psychoanalysis Theory
1910sNational
Vocational Guidance
Association was established
1960sAbraham Maslow
Came out with his Humanistic
Counseling Theory
1960sAbraham Maslow
Came out with his Humanistic
Counseling Theory
INTRODUCTION TO GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
INTRODUCTION
• Guidance & counseling are essential elements of every educational activity.
• Guidance & counseling are not two similar terms. Counseling is a part of guidance.
• Guidance, in educational context, means to indicate, point out, show the way, lead out & to direct.
• Counseling is a specialized service of guidance. • It is the process of helping individuals learn
more about themselves, their present & possible future situations to make a change and contribution to the society.
DEFINITION OF GUIDANCE
• Guidance: the act of giving advices or guidance to others
•Crow and Crow (1983 ) ; Education - help or assistance given to students who is in need.
DEFINITION OF COUNSELLING
•Shertzer and Stone (1968 ) ; The process of interaction that allow individuals to understand themselves and the situation
• Arbuckle (1965 ) ; counseling is not intended to help clients adapt to the social environment, but to help people understand the advantages , disadvantages and potential
CONCEPT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
CONCEPT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
Normal Teacher Guidance and Counseling teacher
• do not get specialized training in guidance and counseling .
• receive special training in guidance and counseling .
DIFFERENCE OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
Guidance Counseling• Everyone can give guidance .• In counseling there is counseling .• Guidance for all .• Occurs in anywhere .
• Theory and application of knowledge.
• There is a special room .•Face meetings between counselor and client .•Qualified counselor / license / attend B & K.•Codes of ethics guidelines B & K
PURPOSES OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
PURPOSES OF GUIDANCE
AND CONSELLING
Efficient use of capabilities and talent
Promote optimal
personal and professional development
Balance individual
development holistically
Eg;JERIS
Helps in overall
development and live
productive life
Promote optimal personal and professional development
• Personal development includes the physical and psychological growth of a student.
• Eg; school counselor will give Aptitude test to determine the students psychological condition, and give support/recommendation if the student ask for one.
• Student with disciplinary problem also have to go through series of counseling so they will get the solution to their problems.
Balance individual development holistically
• A student should be able to balance their development.• This is where the IQ and EQ were tested and consulted.• Eg, a student who excel in sports and co-curricular should balance
their achievements in academic too• Counselor will have to suggest few ways to overcome the problem,
such as introducing the applicable timetable to the students.
Helps in overall development and live productive life
• Students which are not living a productive life can consult a school counselor in order to do so.
• The school counselor will have several approaches which can be applied in order for the students to change their lifestyle.
• Eg, An anti-social student can be more social and involved in other activities outside classroom with the mastery of social skills.
PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
CHANCES
• Every student who that has a problem should be given the opportunity to receive guidance and counseling services , regardless of race , social status , background and religion or belief .
JOINT RESPONSIBILITY
• Guidance and Counseling Services is a joint responsibility , that cooperation must exist not only between counselors and students who need guidance , but also between the counselor and the school as peers and parents concerned.
PROCEDURAL AND PLANNED
• Counselling services should be dealt with according to the procedures and rules or procedures as prescribed . It becomes effective when planned systematically and regularly
FRIENDLY RELATIONSHIP AND TRUST
• Counseling is interaction between counselors and students based on the principles of friendly relations, trust , sincerity and honesty to clients
CANNOT BE FORCED
• Guidance and Counselling Service can only be given to students who are willing to be willing to accept it and not be forced , including choosing a discussion .
CARRIED OUT IN A SPECIAL ROOM
• A counseling session can only be conducted between counselor and client in a specially prepared room .
CARRIED OUT ACCORDING TO THE ETHICS
• Counselling should be managed in accordance with its ethics , in order to preserve the rights of students. Any student information is considered confidential and may only be disclosed to parties with help only with the consent of the client .
CARRIED OUT CONFIDENTIALLY
• Counselling should be conducted in a situation alone between counselors and students only. All matters discussed should be kept confidential.
PLANNED FOR FOLLOW UPS
• Follow-up should be planned after the Guidance and Counselling services in order to ensure the problems encountered , be it academic , social or emotional , will not be renewed .
MANAGED BY QUALIFIED COUNSELOR
• Guidance and Counselling Service can only be managed by a qualified counselor or guidance of trained teachers , people who are skilled and able to guide the client itself solve the problem of academic or personal problems
IMPORTANCE OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING IN EDUCATION
• To help nursing students in establishing proper identity. • To help them to develop a positive attitude towards life. • To help to overcome periods of turmoil & confusion. • To help students in developing their leadership qualities.• To motivate them for taking membership in professional organizations
after competing their studies. • Helps them to make advantages of technological advancement in a
patient care.• Helps them to readiness for changes & face challenges • To carryout responsibilities as a health team member• Helps them to proper selection of career • Motivate them for higher studies.
To help to overcome periods of turmoil & confusion. Explaination and introduction to the
growth phases in their livesGiving psychological support
according to the students needs
To help them to develop a positive attitude towards life. Motivational speech Encouraging camps held during
summer break
To help nursing students in establishing proper identity. APTIS test,personality test
To motivate them for taking membership in professional organizations after competing their studies.
Career support Career suggesting
To help students in developing their leadership qualitiesBoosts leadership qualities with giving responsibilities
towards simple programmes or activities in school
Motivate them for higher studies.
speeches talks
Helps them to proper selection of career Career counseling Career compatibility
test
REFERENCES
• Ahmad, I. (2002). Perkhidmatan Bimbingan Dan Kaunseling Di Sekolah Rendah. Cheras, Kuala Lumpur: Utusan Publication & Distributors Sdn Bhd.
• Mizan Adillah Ahmad Ibrahim, Wan Mohd Fazrul Azdi Wan Razali, Hanit Osman. (2012). Kaunseling Dalam Islam. Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri Sembilan: Universiti Islam Malaysia.
• Sapora Sipon, Hapsah Yusof. (2013). Pengenalan Kepada Profesion Kaunseling. Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri Sembilan: Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia.
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