TOOTH FRACTURE & LUNG INJURIES Brianna Cox & James Coleman.

Tooth fracture

Tooth fracture & Lung injuriesBrianna Cox & James Coleman

Anatomical LocationThere are three levels of tooth fractures including locations: the tooth is broken down into many different levels and the fracture can be anywhere within the tooth based on the severity

Ellis 1: Includes just the enamel of the tooth Ellis 2: Includes the enamel and dentin Ellis 3: Includes the enamel, dentin, and pulp of the tooth

CausesTooth fractures are commonly seen within:-high intensity sports: two players running into each other, etc. -motor accidents-fights-sometimes freak accidents occur and the person is unsure how the fracture occurred

Signs And symptoms -Sensitivity to touch-Sensitivity to air and temperature-Discoloration-Chipped tooth-Cracked tooth-Pain

Facts/Statistics-The National Youth Sports Foundation for the Prevention of Athletic Injuries, Inc. reports the most common type of injurysustained during participation in sports is orofacial-It is estimated by the American Dental Association that mouth guards prevent approximately 200,000 injuries each year in high school and collegiate football alone.

Facts/statistics cont.-An estimated 50% of children sustain a dental injury before age 18 years; most children are aged 7-14 years at the time of injury.-Dental trauma has a male predominance of almost 2:1

care/treatment/prevention-Ellis 1 Fracture can treated by smoothing rough corners with drill by a dentist however the urgency of treatment is not severe-Ellis 2 Fracture can be treated by being completely dried out and then covered with dycal tooth paste to surround and protect the tooth-Ellis 3 Fracture can be treated by being covered with calcium hydroxide, however with due to excessive bleeding, the tooth needs wrapped with aluminum foil to trap in fluid-The dentist may provide patient with medication such as anti-inflammatory, and pain reducers-Finally, the patient may need follow up appointments to make sure the fractures heals well Lung Injuries

Anatomy of the lungs

The chest contains two lungs, one lung on the right side of the chest, the other on the left side of the chest.Each lung is made up of sections called lobes.The purposes of the lungs are to bring oxygen into the body and to remove carbon dioxide.

Causes of lung injuries

SmokingA rupture of a cyst or a small sac (bleb) on the surface of the lung.Infection is one of the most common causes of acute lung injury.

Signs & symptoms of lung injuries

Symptoms of a pneumothorax include chest pain that usually has a sudden onset. The pain is sharp and may lead to feelings of tightness in the chest. Rapid heart rate and rapid breathing

Signs & symptoms of lung injuries cont.

Severe oxygenation defectShortness of breath, cough, and fatigueLow oxygen saturation

Facts/StatisticsAcute lung injury (TRALI), is considered the most serious lung injuryThe incidence of ALI in the United States was reported to be 78.9/100,000 persons per yearThe mortality rate is approximately 40%When first described 40 years ago, mortality from ALI was approximately 60%.Care/Treatment/Prevention

Not all pneumothorax needs immediate treatment in order for it to become non-existent.Sometimes the best treatment would be simple rest.Cell-based therapy is a promising, novel treatment for ALI.Treatment may include insertion of a chest tube or aspiration of the free air in the chest cavity.

Sources for pictureshttp://www.breathmatters.org/what-is-copd-lung-disease.php http://www.abc.net.au/health/library/stories/2010/07/29/2967396.htm http://www.fairview.org/healthlibrary/Article/116425EN http://www.bjmp.org/content/acute-lung-injury-and-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome-review-article http://intensivecare.hsnet.nsw.gov.au/five/images/pneumothorax_3.jpg http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/82755-overview http://www.bitein.com/dstep03.htm http://www.bryancarlindmd.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/carlindental-tooth-anatomy.jpg http://www.bhbdental.co.nz/Topics/General+Oral+Health/Tooth+Grinding+Bruxism.html http://www.hjpetroffdds.com/uncategorized/83-dental-injuries-are-one-of-the-most-common-sports-related-injury.html http://www.deardoctor.com/images/ddwc/features/trauma-and-nerve-dam:age-to-teeth/trauma-and-nerve-damage-350.jpg http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/82755-overview http://joysinmylife.blogspot.com/2012/01/tommy-chipped-tooth.html