Andrea Braga, PE, CPESC Senior Engineer VUSP PA Stormwater Symposium October 14, 2015 Tools for Climate Change Adaptation: Intelligent Control of Green Infrastructure
Andrea Braga, PE, CPESCSenior Engineer
VUSP PA Stormwater SymposiumOctober 14, 2015
Tools for Climate Change Adaptation: Intelligent Control of Green Infrastructure
Tools for Climate Change Adaptation :Intelligent Control of Infrastructure
in the Coastal Zone
Storm Surge Resiliency Network for New York City
Goal: Site-Specific and Regional Management of Storm Surge / Flooding Risk for Small Businesses
Functions:
Monitor Existing Conditions
Display Data on Dashboard
Compute Regional and Site-Specific Risk
Send User Alerts
Recommend Risk Mitigation Actions
Current Business StatusColors show current risk
New York City Storm Surge Resiliency Network
Network-Wide Risk
System-Wide MapLocation marker colors show current risk
Network-wide Dashboard
Business Name Location Current Risk
ABC Business Staten Island
EFG Business Brooklyn
HIJ Business Queens
KLM Business Manhattan
To see more, scroll down
Business’ Current RiskColors show current risk
Network-wide Dashboard View
Building MapCorresponds to Flood Prevention Actions listed in Checklist
New York City Storm Surge Resiliency Network
Flood Risk
Building Flood Prevention ActionsGo through list in order to prevent building flooding
Flood Prevention Action Checklist:
Close and lock basement loading dock door (ensure door is sealed)
Deploy sandbags at southeast basement access door
Basement
Stair access
FreightElevators
Southeast Access DoorLoading
Dock Door
D Street
Dashboard for:
Building ABC123 D StreetNew York, NY 12345
Business Dashboard View
Active Floodproofing for New York City
AfterBeforeBefore
• a network of sensors and active and passively controlled floodproofing measures to help protect against localized flooding
• the platform will deploy Active Floodproofing measures remotely based on interpretation of incoming real-time data streams from local, site-specific sensor information as well as regional storm surge forecasts.
Internet Based Weather Forecast or other internet
data sources (Web service API)
User Interface Web Services and User Dashboards
OptiRTC Data Aggregator and Decision SpaceData Logging and Telemetry
Solutions
Field Monitoring and Control(Sensors, Gauges, and Actuators)
AlertsEmailTweetSMS
Voice Autodial
Azure Tables/Blobs
Platform Overview
Rapid Deployment Field “Kits”With Wireless Sensors
Ideas & Applications!
Great, so how can we use intelligent controls for Climate Change Adaptation?
Salt Marsh Restoration Flood Control Adaptive Management
Reduced Tidal
Flushing
Degraded Water Quality
Loss of Habitat
Upstream Subsidence
Tidal Restrictions & Issues
Tidal Restrictions
Undersized Culverts
Duck Bills
Flap Gates
How to Manage?
Goal: Maximize tidal flushing and restoration while increasing flood protection resiliency
Considerations:
Climate Change
Habitat Restoration
Potential
Stakeholder Needs
CostExisting
Upstream Infrastructure
Maintenance
• Salt Marsh Restoration Scenario
Salt Marsh Restoration Scenario: Low Tide – Valve Open
Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh
Tide Gate
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Transducer
Salt Marsh Restoration ScenarioIncoming Tide – Valve Open
Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh
Tide Gate
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Transducer
Salt Marsh Restoration ScenarioHigh Tide – Valve Open
Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh
Tide Gate
Restricted Mean High Tide is much lower than unrestricted.
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Transducer
Salt Marsh Restoration ScenarioEbbing Tide – Valve Closed
Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh
Tide Gate
Valve is closed as tide ebbs to maintain restricted mean high tide water level
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Transducer
Salt Marsh Restoration ScenarioLow Tide – Valve Closed
Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh
Tide Gate
Valve remains closed until low tide to maintain restricted mean high tide water level
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Transducer
• Flood Control Scenario
Flood Control ScenarioHigh Tide – Valve Open
Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh
Tide Gate
Restricted Mean High Tide is much lower than unrestricted.
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Transducer
Flood Control Scenario: Low Tide – Valve Open
Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh
Tide Gate
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Transducer
Flood Control Scenario: High Tide – Valve Closed
Unrestricted Marsh Restricted Marsh
Tide Gate
Restricted marsh is drained before the storm to provide
enhanced storage
Pressure Transducer
Pressure Transducer
Site-Specific Controls Dashboard
Tide Gate
Inundation GoalAbove Goal 0%, Below Goal 100%
Remote Reality: Current System Status
US NOAA at Cohasset Harbor: Current Tidal Predictions
Adaptive Management through Real-Time Control
• Adaptive Management
Adaptive Surface Water Management Using Intelligent Controls
• Advanced rainwater harvesting• Predictive retention and detention
systems using precipitation forecasts• Controlled under drain bioretention• Active porous pavement systems• Active blue and green roofs
Smart Stormwater Control
Advanced Rainwater Harvesting System Concept
Goal: Storage for both effective wet weather control and on-site use
System Description– Cistern installed to store runoff and make available
on-site– Web-based precipitation forecasts are used to
automatically control releases to downstream BMPs (e.g., infiltration/bioretention) or MS4
Case Study:Advanced Rainwater Harvesting System
Conowingo Elementary School
Conowingo ARH – DashboardSystem Behavior Week of 5/30/2015
Conowingo ARH – DashboardSystem Behavior Week of 5/30/2015
How much of a difference can these systems make??
Observed(With RTC)
Modeled(Without RTC)
Overall Wet Weather Volume Reduction 86% 21%
Mean Peak Flow Reduction 93% 11%
Overflow Frequency 18% 58%Dry Rain Tank Frequency 0% 0%
*DeBusk, 2013
Advanced Rainwater Harvesting System from NC State install:
Outlet Control Structure Retrofit for Water Quality Enhancement
Balance Flood Control and Water Quality
Dray Pond Retrofit
Case Study:TX, Pond/Flood Control Retrofit
Depth Time Series and Average Hydraulic Residence Time for Passive Outlet
Technology Application: Modeled Wetland Pond/water Feature Retrofits
North Carolina Design ( collaboration with Bill Hunt)
Depth Time Series and Average Hydraulic Residence Time for Actively Controlled Outlet
Average Hydraulic Residence Time
13 days
Average Hydraulic Residence Time
24 days
Thanks for your time! Any Questions?