Too Many Humans? 7 Bil lio n and Gr ow ing ….. 10,700 babies/hour10,700 babies/hour.

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7 Billion and Growing….

• 10,700 babies/hour10,700 babies/hour

•Applied science dealing with population numbers

3 Categories: Developed Countries, Moderately Developed (Developing), Less

Developed (Developing)

Demographics of Countries

http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/popclockworld.html

Developed Countries

•Highly Industrialized

•Low birth rates

•Low Baby Mortality

•Longest Life Spans•Highest avg.

GNP’s

US, Europe, Japan

Moderately Developed Countries•Medium-level of Industrialization

•Higher birth rates, Higher Infant Mortality Rates,Shorter Life Spans

•Lower avg GNP’s

Mexico, Thailand, S. America

Less Developed Country•Agricultural - low industry

•Highest birth rates, Highest Infant Mortality, Shortest Life Spans

•Lowest average GNP/GDPs

Ethiopia, Laos, Bangladesh

GDP’s of the World

• Burundi = $125 per capita

• Kenya = $780 per capita

• Mexico = $9,000 per capita

• US = $45,000 per capita

• Luxembourg = $103,000 per capita

Around the World…

1. China: 1.4 billion

2. India: 1.12 billion

3. US: 300 million http://www.census.gov/population/www/popclockus.html

4. Indonesia: 218 mill.

5. Brazil: 190 million

How Does Industrialization How Does Industrialization Affect Population Size?Affect Population Size?

The The Demographic Demographic

TransitionTransition

**Seen during and after Industrial Revolution**

STAGE 1PRE-INDUSTRIAL

• High birth rate (high IMR)

• High death rate

• Low pop growth

STAGE 2 TRANSITIONAL• Industrialization

• >food availability

• >Health care• Birth rate stays

high• Death rate begins to fall• Pop grows

quickly

STAGE 3INDUSTRIAL

• Birth rate falls to near death rate

• better jobs and education for women

• Decline in IMR

• Pop growth rate continues, but is low

STAGE 4POSTINDUSTRIAL

• Birth rate falls more• Birth rate = death rate• ZPG• Then, birth rate

declines more; less than death rate = neg. pop growth

• Unsustainability to sustainability

• Very few countries

Infant Mortality Rate

• # of babies per 1000 that don’t make it to their 1st yr

2006 Infant Mortality Rates2006 Infant Mortality Rates

Replacement Level Fertility

• # of kids that a couple should have to replace both parents

= (2.1 - 2.5)

Total Fertility Rate

• avg # of kids that a woman will have in her reproductive years

(0 - 5+)

Pakistan = 4.6 TFR

United Kingdom = 1.6 TFR

United States = 2.1 TFR

Predicting Population Changes using Age

StructureStructure

Comparing Age Structure

Pyramid Age Pyramid Age StructureStructure• > people are at/near child-bearing, 15

Rectangular Age Structure• Zero Pop Growth (ZPG): B = D

Inverted Pyramid Age Structure• Not enough reproductive women to replace

lost individuals; pop decreases.