TONEY L FERGUSON SR. M.B.A., M.P.M Unit 4. Agenda Scientific Management Trends in Human Resources Management Importance of Project Management Q and A.

TONEY L FERGUSON SR. M.B.A., M.P.M

Unit 4

Agenda

Scientific Management

Trends in Human Resources Management

Importance of Project Management

Q and A Session



Scientific management is breaking jobs into smaller tasks.

Advantages Increased output Lower labor costs Minimal training

Disadvantages Boredom Lack of motivation Physical fatigue Mental fatigue

Motion Study

Copyright 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

8-5

• Used to ensure efficiency of motion in a job• Frank & Lillian Gilbreth• Find one “best way” to do task• Use videotape to study motions

Motion Study Guidelines


8-6

• Efficient Use Of Human Body• Work

•simplified, rhythmic and symmetric• Hand/arm motions

•coordinated and simultaneous• Employ full extent of physical capabilities• Conserve energy

•use machines, minimize distances, use momentum• Tasks

•simple, minimal eye contact and muscular effort, no unnecessary motions, delays or idleness

Motion Study Guidelines


8-7

• Efficient Arrangement of Workplace• Tools, material, equipment - designated, easily accessible location• Comfortable and healthy seating and work area

• Efficient Use of Equipment• Equipment and mechanized tools enhance worker abilities• Use foot-operated equipment to relieve hand/arm stress• Construct and arrange equipment to fit worker use


Famous Quote

Employees are companies most valuable resource

Human Resources and Quality Management

Employees play important role in quality management

Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award winners have a pervasive human resource focus

Employee training and education are recognized as necessary long-term investments

Employees have power to make decisions that will improve quality and customer service

Strategic goals for quality and customer satisfaction require teamwork and group participation


8-10

Changing Nature of Human Resources Management

Scientific management• Breaking down jobs into

elemental activities and simplifying job design

Jobs• Comprise a set of tasks,

elements, and job motions (basic physical movements)

In a piece-rate wage system, pay is based on output

Assembly-line • Production meshed with

principles of scientific management

Advantages of task specialization• High output, low costs,

and minimal trainingDisadvantages of task

specialization• Boredom, lack of

motivation, and physical and mental fatigue


8-11

Contemporary Trends in Human Resources Management

Job training• extensive and varied• two of Deming’s 14

points refer to employee education and training

Cross Training• an employee learns more

than one jobJob rotation

• horizontal movement between two or more jobs according to a plan

Empowerment• giving employees

authority to make decisions

Teams• group of employees work

on problems in their immediate work area


8-12


Flexible time Employees are able to choose work time.

What are advantages? What are disadvantages?

Telecommuting Employees work electronically from any location

What are advantages What are disadvantages

Employee Compensation

Gainsharing an incentive plan joins employees in a common

effort to achieve company goals in which they share in the gains

Profit sharing sets aside a portion of profits for employees at

year’s end


8-14


Why should companies be concerned with Human Capital (People)? To gain more productivity To improve morale To make more money

Project Management

Project Management ProcessProject

• unique, one-time operational activity or effort

9-17Copyright 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Project Team and Project ManagerProject team

made up of individuals from various areas and departments within a company

Matrix organization a team structure with members from

functional areas, depending on skills requiredProject manager

most important member of project team


9-18

Project Management Process


9-19

Scope Statement

Scope statement a document that provides an understanding,

justification, and expected result of a projectStatement of work

written description of objectives of a project


9-20

Work Breakdown Structure

Description of project work activities or tasks

It is the map of a project Outlines different levels of

a project Lowest level is called work

packages Work packages are short

duration tasks Cost estimates are

included in WBS WBS tracks cost and work

performance

Copyright 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 9-22

Work Breakdown Structure for Computer Order Processing System Project

Gantt Chart

Graph or bar chart Bars represent the time for each taskBars also indicate status of tasksProvides visual display of project schedule

Slack amount of time an activity can be delayed without

delaying the project


9-23

Example of Gantt Chart


9-24| | | | |

Activity

Design house and obtain financing

Lay foundation

Order and receive materials

Build house

Select paint

Select carpet

Finish work

0 2 4 6 8 10Month

Month1 3 5 7 9

Any Questions

Thank you for your attendance this evening. Are there any questions at this time?

TONEY L FERGUSON SR. M.B.A., M.P.M Unit 4. Agenda Scientific Management Trends in Human Resources Management Importance of Project Management Q and A.

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