To have revised over causes of the reformation Be able to identify Martin Luther and his role in the Reformation Be able to describe Martin Luther’s early.

• To have revised over causes of the reformation

• Be able to identify Martin Luther and his role in the Reformation

• Be able to describe Martin Luther’s early life and main beliefs

• Be able to define and describe key words and terms such as:

• Justification by Faith alone• Papal Bull• Excommunicate• Heretic

Martin Luther

Early life

• From Germany• Went to University to study law• Caught in a thunder storm, prayed to St. Anne

and promised that if he survived he would become a monk

• Survived and joined the Augustine order• Began studying theology and became

professor at the University of Wittenburg

• Luther was unhappy as a monk.• He read the bible very closely• Believed the church teaching on how to go to

heaven was wrong• Catholic Church: good works and faith needed

to get to heaven• Luther=just faith in God needed. ‘Salvation by

Faith alone’

Sale of Indulgences

Sale of Indulgences

• Luther disagreed with Sale of Indulgences • Pope Leo X was selling indulgences to build St.

Peter’s basilica in Rome.• Luther wrote a letter called ‘95 theses’= 95

arguments against the sale of Indulgences.• Nailed them to the Church in Wittenburg • Ideas spread (printing press)

Sale of Indulgences

Papal Bull

• Pope Leo X was angry at Luther’s ideas• 1520= pope wrote a papal bull condemning

Luther.• Gave Luther 60 days to take back his teachings• Otherwise he would be excommunicated • Luther refused. Publically burned the bull and

some catholic books

Diet of Worms

Diet of Worms

• Meeting organised by catholic church to try to get Luther to take back teachings

• Luther refused• Edict of Worms=Church branded him a heretic &

outlaw• Fredrick the Wise hid Luther in his castle • There, Luther translated the bible into German• In 1522, went back to Wittenburg

Spread of Ideas

• Germans began to leave Catholic Church and became Lutherans

• Most German states were Luterhan, then Denmark, Sweeden and Norway

• When rulers tried to ban Luther’s teachings, people protested=Protestants

• Peace of Augsburg=agreement that meant that the ruler of an area decided on religion of his people

Later Life

• Married a former nun-Catherine Von Bora• Continued writing pamphlets and hymns• The reformation that he started began to

spread to other countries