Insights into Health & Nutrition Part of the European PR survey programme 1 Insights into Health & Nutrition European results PR survey programme 2010 September 2010 Inspired by the European Health & Nutrition Survey, performed by TNS NIPO
May 25, 2015
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 1
Insights into Health & Nutrition European results
PR survey programme 2010
September 2010
Inspired by the European Health & Nutrition Survey, performed by TNS NIPO
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 2
Content
Introduction
Participating countries
Sample composition
Diet and health
• Introduction and conclusions
• The Body Mass Index
• BMI results by consumer segments
• Overall results behind the BMI
• Exercising and sporting habits
• Self-evaluation of eating habits
• Weight watching
• Special diet usage
• Transport for usual trips
• Feeling of being well informed
• Search for information
Habits on meals and ingredients
• Introduction and conclusions
• Consumption of fruit and vegetables
• Consumption of meat and fish
• Consumption of vegetarian and home-cooked meals
• Consumption of cigarettes and alcohol
• Eating habit frequency
• Eating habits out of home
• Knowledge of ingredients
The European image on health and nutrition
• Introduction and conclusions
• Health and nutrition statements
Behaviour on consuming organic products
• Introduction and conclusions
• Frequency of organic product usage
• Organic product usage
• Motivation for consuming organic products
• Triggers for eating more organic products
• Barriers for never consuming organic products
Taking a close look at medication
• Introduction and conclusions
• Doctor visit frequency and prescription of chronic medicines
• Usage of medication without prescription
• Medication via the Internet
• Opinion and usage of alternative medicine
• Self-diagnosis via Internet or other media
• Self-diagnosis
Unhealthy habits on food and non-food
• Introduction and conclusions
• Responsibility of unhealthy food consumption
• Smoking habits
• Smoking frequency
• Alcohol consumption frequency
• Drug usage
Target characteristics
Appendix
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 3
Introduction
As part of the European PR survey programme, TNS Netherlands has coordinated the topic
Nutrition & Health within Europe.
By means of this survey TNS is able to promote its company and expertise in the field of health
and nutrition. A comparison study across countries such as this one is of great value, which
makes this study usable for general press, professional press and clients.
This study focused on the population aged 18 and over in order to understand their usage and
attitudes towards health and nutrition. The sample and fieldwork have been conducted by
Lightspeed.
The study was conducted across seven countries. The respondents were interviewed
throughout July 2010 (for detailed specifications regarding participating countries en sample
composition please see next slide).
Respondents were selected randomly. The respondent base was weighted according to age,
gender, region and Social Economic Status in order to correctly reflect the 18+ population.
Please note: the Russian results are not representative for the total Russian population, as only
Russians who live in cities of at least 100,000 citizens and who have Internet access at home
have been included in the study.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 4
Participating countries
This report contains all study
findings. Charts showing all seven
countries are always ordered
alphabetically. As such each chart
starts with France and ends with
the United Kingdom.
Please note: when the term
“European countries” or
“European results” is used in this
report, we only refer to the
countries which are involved in
this study. The score is an
average of the seven countries.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 5
Sample composition
Sample size (per country)
1000
1125France
Germany
1211United Kingdom
1159
1008Spain
The Netherlands
998
1091Italy
Russia
1000
1125
1211
1159
1008
998
1091
Number of interviews
Weighted base
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 6
A lifestyle segmentationA lifestyle segmentation
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 7
The lifestyle of healthy and unhealthy people differs a lot when looking at habits related to eating,
sporting activities and medication.
People with a healthy lifestyle are generally younger than people with an unhealthy lifestyle.
However, those aged 55 and over are underrepresented in the unhealthy segment.
Additionally, people with a single household have a significantly less healthy lifestyle, as well as
those in the lower income segment.
The results of this study are used to make a segmentation of health awareness, i.e. the extent to which one is aware
of ones health and has a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle. This segmentation is carried out based on behavioural
variables like adequacy of people’s diets to promote their health, BMI, consumption of fruit and vegetables,
exercise, smoking and alcohol usage. By awarding ‘penalty points’ to these variables a health score is created.
Few points refer to a healthy lifestyle, many points refer to an unhealthy lifestyle. The appendix includes more
specified information about the segmentation methodology.
The first chapter provides insights into the distribution from healthy to unhealthy people per country. More detailed
results per subject, at a European level, are included in the relevant chapters.
INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 8
OVERALL CONCLUSIONS ON SEGMENTATION
European insights across the lifestyle segments
Very healthy lifestyle
Very unhealthylifestyle
64% under- /normal weighted, 36% overweighted
Walk or cycle for usual trips Use car for usual trips
40% eat organic products at leastonce a week
More likely to use alternative medicine
Less likely to use alternative medicine
No differences between segments in the
frequency of visiting doctor
Read food/drinks labels Less likely to read labels
All segments feel that they need to watch their
weight
Eat more snacks in the morning and afternoon
29% under- /normal weighted, 71% overweighted
20% eat organic products at leastonce a week
Follow more special diets Follow less special diets
Exercise on average 7.79 hours a week
Exercise on average 1.54 hours a week
Eat more snacks in the evening
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 9
Compared to the proportional segmentation in Europe, the Italians and Dutch seem to have the most healthy lifestyle, followed by the French.
Based on this segmentation, the Germans and British appear to be least healthy.
Segmentation per country
22 21 18 23 22 24 2615
21 2417
20 22 21 26
22
-32 -31 -29 -34 -33 -31 -29 -35
-25 -24 -35 -23 -23 -24 -20-28
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
EU FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% very healthy % medium healthy % medium unhealthy % unhealthy
Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 10
Diet and healthDiet and health
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 11
INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS
Results show that people from Germany and the United Kingdom have the highest Body Mass
Index, i.e. are most overweight. A quarter of the people from these countries as well as from
Russia think that their current diet is probably not adequate to promote their health.
The Dutch are mostly of the opinion that they eat more or less the right amount of food. In other
countries the majority feel they eat more than is good for them.
A majority of the Europeans feel they need to watch their weight: this mainly applies to losing
weight rather than gaining weight. Half of Europeans are on a special diet in order to work on
their weight. People in Germany and Spain mainly claim to follow a high-calorie diet, while the
French follow a low-calorie diet in order to reach their optimum weight.
The second chapter focuses on the subject “Diet and health”. This chapter will provide insights into the health of
European citizens by means of their Body Mass Index. It will also answer questions such as: What differences can
be found between people who are under- or overweight? Are they conscious of their weight at all and do they use
special diets to lose or gain weight? What habits do they have in terms of exercising and sporting activities?
This chapter starts with detailed insights into the habits of people who have a low or high Body Mass Index. What are
their habits when it comes to eating, drinking and exercising? Are they aware of their own health and what could
be a cause of their unhealthy lifestyle?
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 12
MORE CONCLUSIONS
Transport to work and school could be an opportunity to work on your weight. Although more
than half of the Europeans use their car to reach their destination, walking comes in second
place. Car usage is lowest in Russia: they are more used to travelling by public transport or
walking. The Dutch are very used to using their bicycle.
Because of the healthy way of travelling in Russia (on foot) and the Netherlands (by bicycle),
these countries have also gained the highest exercise intensity. This could be achieved by
engaging in activities such as sports, walking or cycling.
In addition to Russia, countries such as Germany, Italy and Spain have the largest number of
sporting citizens. On the other hand, the number of people from the United Kingdom who play
sports is very low: half of the people do not even want to participate in any kind of sport. Another
third of the people are currently not participating in sporting activities, but do want to. It is worth
mentioning that the amount of exercise the British do is still higher on average than it is in Italy,
France and Germany. It may just be a different way of exercising, for example walking.
Many sources of information could be used in order to know how to live a healthy life. The Dutch
feel the strongest when it comes to being well informed about healthy and unhealthy nutrition.
Russians are most active in searching for information, especially on television or by consulting
their friends and family. The number of sources used by the Russians could mean that they do
not rely on merely one or two sources and that they prefer obtaining information through a larger
number of sources, based on which they then form their own opinion.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 13
CONCLUSIONS ON SEGMENTATION
European insights into diet and health across the lifestyle segments
Even among those Europeans who have a very healthy lifestyle, a third are slightly overweight.
Still, almost all of these people with a very healthy lifestyle feel that their diet is adequate to
promote their health. 44% of them normally eat the right amount of food, although another 44%
admit that they sometimes eat more than is good for them.
Of those Europeans with a very unhealthy lifestyle, 7 out of 10 are overweight and half of them
are actually aware of the fact that their diet does not support a healthy life. 17% of them admit
that they usually eat more than is good for hem and almost half of this group says they
sometimes do so.
It’s interesting to see that both people with a (very) healthy lifestyle and people with a (very)
unhealthy lifestyle say that they need to be (somewhat) careful about their diet. It seems that
those with a healthy lifestyle are just more successful at it.
Something that is very different between the segments, is the amount of exercise they get. On
average, those with a very healthy lifestyle get almost 8 hours of exercise a week, compared to
about 3 hours for those who have a very unhealthy lifestyle. This also shows in the fact that only
13% of the very unhealthy segment do sports at least once a week, as opposed to 86% of those
with a very healthy lifestyle.
When it comes to means of transport for usual trips, it’s clear that those with a healthy lifestyle
are much more likely to walk or cycle or even use public transport, whereas the less health
focused Europeans are more likely to travel by car.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 14
3 1 4 7 3 2 3
19
20
19 1422
19 17
-16 -20 -16 -15 -16 -19 -19
-14-21
-13 -13 -14-17 -20-1
-3
-1 -2 -1-2 -2
39414449473547
26,726,4125,7124,925,3727,3625,48
F R D E IT R U SP N L UK
% underweight % normal weight % slightly overweight
% overweight % obese % morbidly obese
avg. BM I
The Body Mass Index (BMI)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2
Length (m)
We
igh
t (k
g)
18 25 30 40BMI =
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is the ratio between the height and weight of your body. The BMI says something about the extent to which your weight poses a risk to your health.
Germany and the United Kingdom have the highest number of overweight/obese people, while Russians, Italians and French most often have a normal weight.
underweight
normal weight
overweight
obese
morbidly obese
Q32/33 Base: all respondents n= 7407 1114 979 1078 986 993 1120 1137
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 15
BMI results by consumer segments
3 1 510
5 2 1 3 3 6
4337
47
62
55
4235
32
43 42 41
1922
15
11
15
1623
22
17 19 17
1721
13
812
17 1922
16 17 14
16 1714
6 1017 17 21 17 16
16
2 12 1 2 2 1 3 1
11 4 3 2 4 3 2 1 2 5
0
20
40
60
80
100
EU
Mal
eFem
ale
18-2
4 yr
s25
-34
yrs
35-4
4 yr
s45
-54
yrs
55 >
yrs
single
hh
hh 1 to
4 p
.hh >
4 p
.% unknown
% morbidly obese
% obese
% overweight
% slightly overweight
% normal weight
% underweight
Q32/33 Base: all respondents n= 7592 3681 3911 913 1357 1518 1336 2468 1318 5829 444
Men are more often overweight or even obese than women. The older, the heavier also seems to hold true. One tenth of youths younger than 24 are underweight.
The variations between household sizes are minimal.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 16
OVERALL RESULTS BEHIND THE BMI
Insights into nutrition habits across the BMI gradation
The responsibility of reducing the consumption of unhealthy food lies with the consumer him- or
herself, according to the majority of the overweight part of the population. People who are
underweight and consumers with a normal weight are more often of the opinion that both
government and manufacturers are responsible.
Labels on food and drinks provide important information when it comes to living a healthy life.
Unfortunately it appears that the European population who are overweight or obese have
difficulties understanding these labels. Mainly those who are underweight pay attention to health
labels which are printed on food and drink packaging.
Another remarkable outcome of this study is that most people who are (morbidly) obese feel
they need to lose weight, while only a quarter of this part of the population are using special
products in order to help them lose weight. Products which are mainly used are tablets to
reduce fat absorption and tablets to stop water retention. Being (morbidly) obese is not always a
reason to follow a special diet however. Less than half of this group have followed a special diet
during the last twelve months. These were mainly low-calorie diets.
People with a normal weight or who are underweight eat significantly more vegetables,
vegetarian and home-cooked food on a daily basis, while people who are (morbidly) obese are
more into eating meat. Unhealthy habits such as smoking are mostly represented by people
who are underweight or with normal weight, while alcohol consumption is rather low in both the
upper and the lower layer of the BMI.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 17
MORE OVERALL RESULTS BEHIND THE BMI
Insights into health habits across the BMI gradation
(Morbidly) obese people visit their doctor the most: one fifth have even payed a visit in the past
week. This group are also being prescribed most with chronic medicines. A quarter are even
prescribed four or more chronic medicines. Although the use of alternive medicines in this group
is equal to the rest, they have significantly less faith in alternative medicine.
When purchasing medicines without a prescription, people who are obese mostly buy painkillers
while underweight people buy more cold or flu remedies without prescription as well as vitamins.
Sports activities and exercising are mostly done by people with a normal weight or who are
slightly overweight, and least by those who are overweight or even (morbidly) obese. Not very
surprisingly people who are overweight or obese mainly use their car to do their usual trips. On
the other hand, people with a lower/normal weight are more used to go for a walk or use public
transport.
Please note: walking is a very popular means of transport in Russia, but not actually considered
as exercise. Although results show that more than half of the Russians actually engage in
sporting activities, an estimation of one third of the population doing sporting activities is most
realistic.
The final results in eating habits show that nearly everyone has breakfast, lunch and dinner
during the weekends. In an average week some meals appear to be missed out. Snacks during
the morning, afternoon and evening are a particular favourite amongst underweight people and
those with normal weight.
Insights into Health & Nutricion
Part of the European PR survey programme
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 18
3,9
6,04,2
6,44,4 4,2
5,0
7,15,7
6,95,4
3,7 3,04,2
0
2
4
6
8
10
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
# hours exerciseper week (all)
# hours exerciseper week(sporters only)
22 17 16 17 1025
4625 29 42 28 37
26
3253 54 41 55 52 49
22
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% Yes
% No, but I wouldlike to
% No, and I don'twant to
Exercising and sporting habitsExercises from medium to high intensity, such as sports, cycling and walking
The Russians and the Dutch have the highest exercise frequency.
Half of the English do not play any sports at all and do not even want to. Only 20% of them are actually engaging in sporting activities on a regular basis, at least once a week.
Q18a/b Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Exercise (inclsports)
Play sports on a regular basis
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 19
10 8 9 16 10 9 9
30 38 32 23 2453
29
61 54 59 61 6637
62
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% more than good
% about good
% less than good
1 2 1 6 2 2 218 24
1024
16 14 23
63 4759
40 55 56 50
17 26 30 30 27 27 25
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% definitely
% probably
% probably not
% definitely not
Self-evaluation of eating habits
Italians most often feel their current diet is adequate to promote their health, while a quarter of the Russians, Germans and British people admit that their diet is probably not very good for their health.
In most European countries the majority of the respondents are eating more than is good for them. The Dutch most often claim to be eating the right amount.
Q1/2 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 20
63 73 66 58 65 68 67
2420 27
2928 27 27
13 7 7 12 6 4 6
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% gain weight
% remain
% lose weight
28 22 20 25 31 21 28
46 55 62 54 47 5454
26 23 19 21 21 25 18
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% yes, very careful
% yes, quite careful
% not at all
Weight watching
A majority of the European citizens feel they need to watch their weight/be careful about their diet.
More than half of the Europeans are currently intending to lose weight, especially the Germans. Very few want to gain weight, although in France and Russia this is over 10%.
Q3/4 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutricion
Part of the European PR survey programme
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 21
53
7
4
7
3
7
2
2
1
0
1
22
Special diet usageDuring the last twelve months
Other
Low protein
High carbohydrate
High calorie
Diabetes mellitus
Low sodium
High protein
Fibre enriched
Cholesterol limiting
Low carbohydrate
Low calorie
No special diet 50
28
11
8
17
5
4
5
2
1
7
53
17
8
7
9
3
6
4
3
2
1
8
57
10
8
9
6
4
6
1
2
1
2
12
55
20
5
8
7
3
5
4
2
2
1
7
78
7
5
3
1
3
2
2
1
1
1
4
69
13
5
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
8
The Dutch use special diets least, while a third of the Germans and a fifth of the Spanish have followed a low-calorie diet during the past twelve months. The Germans are also into fibre-enriched diets.
A low-calorie diet is mainly used by (morbidly) obese people.
Q6 Base: all respondents
Sample n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Mean of mentions ø= 1.16 1.08 1.38 1.19 1.18 1.18 1.06 1.08
Insights into Health & Nutricion
Part of the European PR survey programme
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 22
Russia has the highest usage of special products to lose weight; mainly tablets to stop feeling hungry, to stop water retention and laxatives.
9
9
6
5
2
80None of these
Laxatives
Tablets to stop feeling hungry
Fast weight loss products
Tablets to stop water retention
Tablets to reduce fat absorption
Usage of products to lose weight
6
8
5
9
9
77None of these
Laxatives
Tablets to stop feeling hungry
Fast weight loss products
Tablets to stop water retention
Tablets to reduce fat absorption9
10
6
4
4
79None of these
Laxatives
Tablets to stop feeling hungry
Fast weight loss products
Tablets to stop water retention
Tablets to reduce fat absorption
5
5
4
2
2
87None of these
Laxatives
Tablets to stop feeling hungry
Fast weight loss products
Tablets to stop water retention
Tablets to reduce fat absorption
Q5 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutricion
Part of the European PR survey programme
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 23
The Dutch, Germans and people from the United Kingdom use products to lose weight least.
Tablets to reduce fat absorbtion are mostly used by the Spanish, French and Italians.
10
9
6
5
5
79None of these
Laxatives
Tablets to stop feeling hungry
Fast weight loss products
Tablets to stop water retention
Tablets to reduce fat absorption
5
3
5
4
2
86None of these
Laxatives
Tablets to stop feeling hungry
Fast weight loss products
Tablets to stop water retention
Tablets to reduce fat absorption
3
2
5
3
1
89None of these
Laxatives
Tablets to stop feeling hungry
Fast weight loss products
Tablets to stop water retention
Tablets to reduce fat absorption
Usage of products to lose weight
Q5 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutricion
Part of the European PR survey programme
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 24
Although people in European countries mostly use their car for usual trips, Russians are more used to using public transport (train, metro, bus, tram). The Italians have the highest motorbike penetration.
114
302732
61
car
walking
public tr
ansport
bicycle
motorbike
taxiother
334
5245
26
car
walking
public tr
ansport
bicycle
motorbike
taxiother
111015
2938
65
car
walking
public tr
ansport
bicycle
motorbike
taxiother
22
45
74
1113
car
walking
public tr
ansport
bicycle
motorbike
taxiother
Transport for usual tripsFor instance to go to work or school
Q19 Base: all respondents
Sample n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Mean of mentions ø= 1.49 1.57 1.55 1.59 1.31 1.42 1.48 1.50
Insights into Health & Nutricion
Part of the European PR survey programme
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 25
1217
3042
67
car
walking
public tr
ansport
bicycle
motorbike
taxiother
2
32
4949
614
car
walking
public tr
ansport
bicycle
motorbike
taxiother
49
29
12
52
1 1 5
car
walking
public tr
ansport
bicycle
motorbike
taxiother
Transport for usual tripsFor instance to go to work or school
The image of the Netherlands being a “bike country” is confirmed. The Spanish are, more so than respondents in other countries, used to going to work or school on foot.
Q19 Base: all respondents
Sample n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Mean of mentions ø= 1.49 1.57 1.55 1.59 1.31 1.42 1.48 1.50
Insights into Health & Nutricion
Part of the European PR survey programme
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 26
3313 11 10 16
41 40
5564 67 66 64
51 51
12 23 21 24 20 8 9
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% regularly
% every now andthen
% never
28 21 28 28 2910 13
72 79 72 72 7190 87
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% well informed
% very badlyinformed
Feeling of being well informed
The Dutch feel best informed when it comes to healthy or unhealthy nutrition. Almost one fifth of the people from the United Kingdom even feel very well informed.
Most Russians search for information regarding nutrition using sources other than product labels.
How well-informed people feel they are regarding healthy/ unhealthy nutrition
Search information on nutrition in sources other than product labels
Q15a/b Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutricion
Part of the European PR survey programme
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 27
43
53
25
38
47
28
9
6
14
16
21
13
5
Search for information
Other sources
Other websites
Radio programmes
Shops
Governmental organisations
Social media
Food manufacturers
Books
Healthcare professionals
Consumer associations
Friends/family
TV programmes
Magazines/newspapers
Q16 Base: respondents using sources for information
Sample n= 5756 758 882 970 906 856 666 718
Mean of mentions ø= 3.32 3.17 3.55 3.24 3.99 3.04 3.10 3.04
Magazines/newspapers, TV programmes and friends/family are mostly consulted when it comes to searching for information about nutrition.
56
56
52
36
27
35
16
12
6
12
17
20
11
45
36
32
44
39
29
24
21
11
9
7
20
7
43
50
50
36
34
46
26
39
18
11
12
22
11
30
25
39
27
49
33
18
17
7
12
10
31
6
32
34
39
45
27
21
40
7
17
12
5
23
8
38
33
35
32
30
30
25
9
19
13
9
27
4
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 28
Habits on meals and Habits on meals and
ingredientsingredients
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 29
INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS
On an overall perspective the fact that the Russians eat many vegetables and vegetarian meals is
visible. They are used to eating a larger than average number of snacks during the day and they
often eat out of home. Although Russians have the highest cigarette consumption, their
consumption of alcohol is relatively low. Please note however that these results are only true for
the urban online population.
The habits of German people are remarkable because their consumption of vegetables, fruit, and
meat seems to be the lowest. None of the German respondents eats fish on a daily basis. This
may suggest that they have the most varied diet; it does not necessarily mean that they eat less
healthily. Their alcohol and cigarette consumption is average.
Ingredient awareness is high in all countries: vitamins, glucose and omega-3 are top of the list.
Hydrogen oil, polyphenol and stevia close the list when it comes to awareness.
This chapter focuses on the habits of the European population when it comes to consuming healthy food such as
vegetables, fruit, meat and fish. A few unhealthy habits will also be discussed, such as the consumption of
cigarettes, alcohol and drugs on a daily or weekly basis.
Another part of this chapter will provide insights into the frequency of consuming meals such as breakfast, lunch,
dinner and snacks in between. The habits of eating out of home as well as the knowledge of specific ingredients
will conclude this chapter.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 30
MORE CONCLUSIONSAn explanation on the Russian results
This slide contains an additional explanation on the food consumption of Russian respondents, as they
appear to be rather different from the other countries.
Results show that Russians consume vegetables most frequently compared to other countries;
three quarters of the Russian respondents eat vegetables on a daily basis. This may be explained
by the high potato consumption. If all respondents had taken potatoes into consideration when
answering the questions about vegetables, the percentage of consumers would probably have
been even higher than the current 70%. Also, a seasonality effect is possible as fieldwork was
conducted in May - June. In spring and summer Russian people intensively consume vegetables
because of the new harvest.
Russians also eat vegetarian meals more frequently than people in other countries. This seems to
be directly linked to the habit of consuming vegetables.
The general perception of Russia as a “drinking nation” is difficult to check with this online survey.
The sample consists of regular Internet users (as they are part of Access panel) and therefore the
sample cannot correctly represent the urban offline population, not to mention the population in
rural areas. Actual heavy alcohol consumers do not take part in marketing surveys, especially via
Internet. The alcohol consumption results are therefore not representative for the Russian
population.
The fact that home-cooked meals are consumed by most Russians every day is not surprising,
since Russian people are used to taking home-cooked food with them and eat it at their workplace.
Having lunch out of home is typical for employed people; they eat breakfast and dinner at home.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 31
2 6 4 1 5 1 3
30
5432
2736 43 33
68 64 7258 56 64
40
8.59 5.37 8.47 8.71 6.26 6.11 7.60
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
Consumption of fruit and vegetables
VE
GE
TA
BL
ES
FR
UIT
Russians have the highest
frequency of eating
vegetables: three quarters of
the respondents eat
vegetables daily. Only 40% of
the Germans eat vegetables
on a daily basis, although this
does not necessarily mean
they eat a smaller amount of
vegetables in a week.
Italy seems to be a country
with a high fruit consumption.
Germany and Russia have
the lowest number of people
consuming fruit on a daily
basis.
% daily
% weekly
% less often
weekly avg.
8 9 3 5 8 9 8
3143
23
4727
37 31
6274
4865
54 6148
8.06 6.33 10.51 6.60 8.33 7.09 8.13
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
Q7 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 32
Consumption of meat and fish
ME
AT
FIS
HIn addition to the relatively
low frequency of eating
vegetables and fruit,
Germans also eat meat and
fish less often than people
in other European countries.
One tenth even eat meat
less than weekly. It appears
Germany is home to a large
number of vegetarians or
that they vary a great deal
in what they eat and
therefore do not eat meat
and fish every day.
Fish consumption seems to
be significantly higher in
Spain than in other
countries. A quarter eat fish
on a daily basis.
4 10 7 7 5 4 7
53
76 8059 58 62 62
4313
34 37 34 3014
5.87 3.38 3.37 5.42 4.01 5.38 4.71
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% daily
% weekly
% less often
weekly avg.
2237
2034
9
3623
7463
7660
68
6271
5 5 6 23 2 51
1.97 1.14 2.18 1.99 2.99 1.48 1.98
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
Q7 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 33
Consumption of vegetarian and home-cooked meals
VE
GE
TA
RIA
NH
OM
E-C
OO
KE
D
The relatively high
vegetable consumption in
Russia reflects the high
score on vegetarian meals.
Consumption of vegetarian
meals in France is rather
low.
Cooking meals at home on
a daily basis is most
common in Italy and
Russia.
% daily
% weekly
% less often
weekly avg.
81
53 56 5163
7861
15
42 35 3726
1932
4 9 12 11 3 84
0.87 1.63 1.95 2.33 1.55 0.87 1.63
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
6 6 5 4 3 4 4
4052
22 23 3254 45
5573 73 65
43 5143
8.23 5.4410.52 11.60 9.52 5.80 6.63
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
Q7 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 34
Consumption of cigarettes and alcohol
CIG
AR
ET
TE
SA
LC
OH
OL
Although Russians claim to
have a healthy diet and
exercising habits, cigarette
consumption is also highest
in this country. Two out of
five people smoke on a
daily basis.
Alcohol consumption is
highest in The Netherlands.
On average, half of the
Europeans claim to drink
alcohol less than once a
week.
% daily
% weekly
% less often
weekly avg.
75 67 7059 65 67
79
23 4
4
193
322 26
3716
3018
30
3.79 5.00 4.25 6.35 3.20 5.15 3.02
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
49 52 56 56 54 47 41
3438 31 39
29 38 47
17 13 5 17 15 129
2.47 1.82 2.26 1.43 2.26 2.48 2.40
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
Q7 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 35
5,75,2
6,0 5,8
1,6
2,8
2,2
6,0
6,76,4
1,3
5,6 5,65,4
1,8
2,4
0,7
1,92,41,9
2,5
4,9
6,4
5,76,1
6,1
6,1
5,8
3,4
3,1
2,2
3,0
6,15,86,26,2
3,7
2,33,3
1,3
2,9
1,0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
# breakfasts per week # morning snacks per week
# lunches per week # afternoon snacks per week
# dinners per week # evening snacks per week
Eating habit frequencyBreakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in between
In an average week dinner is eaten at least six days. Breakfast is sometimes replaced by morning snacks, especially in Russia. However, on average Europeans eat breakfast five days a week.
Snack consumption in the morning is lowest. Snack consumption in the evening varies greatly from country to country.
Q34 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 36
2,1 1,91,6
1,7
2,8
3,4
1,82,3
0,81,01,3
1,0
2,3
1,51,9
1,61,3
1,31,4
2,4
1,4
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
# breakfasts per week # lunches per week # dinners per week
Eating habits out of home
Q35 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
The habit of eating out of home is highest when it comes to lunch. Especially the Italians and Russians lunch out of home the most. Interestingly, it was found that they also eat home-cooked meals most often. There are two explanations for this: either they eat certain meals at home and certain meals out of home, or they bring their home-cooked meals to work or school.
The Dutch score rather low. Not even one breakfast a week is eaten out of home: lunch and dinner are eaten only out of home one and a half times a week.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 37
87
82
92
79
79
79
76
79
84
77
43
2
50
16
3
28
9
3
30
2
Ingredient awareness (TOP)
Palm oil
Trace elements
Mineral salt
Fruit sugar
Antioxidants
Animal fat
Vegetable fat
Omega-3
Glucose
Vitamins
The awareness of many ingredients is high. When people (sometimes) look for certain ingredients when buying food or drinks, they mostly look for vitamins.
92
84
86
90
88
61
91
77
79
59
40
18
31
31
25
16
24
17
18
9
75
70
76
60
61
70
56
73
46
48
38
9
39
9
7
33
15
28
9
5
92
90
52
89
88
79
86
81
80
72
52
16
15
34
30
28
16
20
29
17
81
77
85
70
68
78
70
75
54
40
37
10
38
16
10
31
12
16
7
4
89
83
83
84
81
77
68
58
44
61
30
13
21
26
21
17
11
6
4
3
90
88
90
83
78
83
61
55
57
67
28
9
32
13
15
19
5
5
5
7
% ingredients ever heard of
% ingredients look for
Q12a Base: all respondents Sample n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Mean of mentions ø= 11.05 13.89 10.71 10.14 12.64 10.13 9.82 10.13
Q12b Base: respondents who are aware Sample n= 7389 1097 982 1058 991 975 1102 1184
Mean of mentions ø= 2.95 3.01 3.32 2.94 4.15 2.73 2.47 2.21
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 38
83
40
86
86
78
85
45
41
29
3
10
6
27
2
3
26
1
3
8
29
Ingredient awareness (BOTTOM)
None of these
Stevia
Polyphenol
Hydrogen oil
Slow-burning sugar
Quick-burning
sugar
GMO
Bifidus
Probiotics
Aspartame
The French and Russians are, much more than people in other countries, aware of quick- and slow-burning sugars. The Germans are especially aware of hydrogen oil, while people in the United Kingdom are into probiotics.
32
51
13
14
29
22
69
14
18
2
13
9
2
7
6
5
24
3
2
32
66
53
63
69
20
17
36
42
10
3
11
15
18
11
1
2
5
8
0
29
80
55
31
73
88
91
4
20
12
1
28
14
6
54
16
17
1
5
2
14
36
43
83
45
31
29
22
17
6
3
6
8
35
3
3
4
3
2
1
26
55
43
44
17
26
21
29
10
4
5
18
5
4
4
5
3
9
1
0
46
49
76
34
21
11
14
30
22
3
2
11
16
4
2
1
1
5
1
44
% ingredients ever heard of
% ingredients look for
Q12a Base: all respondents Sample n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Mean of mentions ø= 11.05 13.89 10.71 10.14 12.64 10.13 9.82 10.13
Q12b Base: respondents who are aware Sample n= 7389 1097 982 1058 991 975 1102 1184
Mean of mentions ø= 2.95 3.01 3.32 2.94 4.15 2.73 2.47 2.21
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 39
The European image on The European image on
health and nutrition health and nutrition
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 40
INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS
Eating healthier can reduce the risk of getting cancer according to the majority of the European
population. German and Dutch people have a slightly different opinion: ‘A varied diet also
reduces the number of supplements such as vitamin pills, iron tablets, that is needed,’ say three
quarters of the respondents.
Labels on food and drinks can help to eat more healthily. Especially Italian, Russian and
Spanish consumers pay attention to these health labels, but two fifths believe that the labels are
difficult to understand. Information about ingredients, calories, additives, fat or sugar content is
read by only a quarter or a maximum of two fifths of the citizens.
The safety of food and drinks has never been as good as it is now say three quarters of the
consumers in Spain and the United Kingdom. Only one third of the Russians and one fifth of the
Dutch share this view.
Especially the French believe that the focus on health issues in the media is too high: half of
them think that unhealthy food should be surtaxed. German and Dutch people agree least with
the statement that unhealthy food should be surtaxed.
“The European image on health and nutrition” provides a view on the frame of mind of the European population. To
what extent are people healthy-minded and do they care about their own health? How do they judge the role of the
government and what is their perspective of information on packaging?
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 41
CONCLUSIONS ON SEGMENTATION
European insights into the image on health and nutrition across the Lifestyle segments
Europeans with a healthy lifestyle are more than those with an unhealthy lifestyle of the opinion
that eating healthy food reduces the chance of getting cancer. In addition to that, they agree that
unhealthy food should be surtaxed.
Health-labels printed on food/drinks packages are mostly getting the attention from those who
are living a healthy lifestyle. People with a very healthy lifestyle are also aware of the fact that
labels on food/drinks can help them eat healthier.
People living an unhealthy lifestyle are, more than people with a healthy lifestyle, of the opinion
that labels on food/drinks are difficult to understand. Significantly more unhealthy living people
never seem to read the information on food packages about ingredients, calories, additives, fat
or sugar content.
These people with an unhealthy lifestyle even agree more than healthy people, that there is too
much focus on health issues in the media. They finally think that you don’t need supplements
such as vitamin pills and iron tablets if you eat a varied diet.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 42
Health and nutrition statements
11 20 13 12 14 23 18
89 80 87 88 86 77 82
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘Eating healthier can reduce the risk of you getting cancer’
22 26 1236
14 25 17
78 74 8864
86 75 83
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘Labels on food/drinks can help me to eat more healthily’
28 35 42 44 35 41 45
72 65 58 56 65 59 55
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘Labels on food/drinks are difficult to understand’
5540
19 20 2148
31
4560
81 80 7952
69
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘I pay attention to health labels which are printed on food/drinks packaging’
% agree
% disagree
Q13 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 43
Health and nutrition statements
40 52 4672
2360
27
60 48 5428
7740
73
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘The safety of food/drinks has never been as good as it is now’
62 66 68 75 65 59 66
38 34 32 25 35 41 34
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘I never read the information on food/drinks packaging about ingredients, calories,
additives, fat or sugar content’
3555 64 52 52 47 45
6545 36 48 48 53 55
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘There is too much focus on health issues in the media’
38 4821 13
31 45 38
62 5279 87
69 55 62
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘It is impossible to eat healthy food in fastfood restaurants’
% agree
% disagree
Q13 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 44
Health and nutrition statements
54 52 62 7451 61 59
46 48 38 2649 39 41
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘Generally people are healthier than ever’
82 7656
10
6078 67
18 24 44
90
40 22 33
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘Deep frozen vegetables are less healthy than fresh vegetables’
3511 17
4014 16 22
6589 83
6086 84 78
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘When you eat a varied diet you don’t need supplements such as vitamin pills, iron tablets, etc.’
4770
39 33 3767 55
5330
61 67 6333 45
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
‘Unhealthy food should be surtaxed’
% agree
% disagree
Q13 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 45
Behaviour on consuming Behaviour on consuming
organic productsorganic products
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 46
INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS
The organic industry continues to grow worldwide. This chapter gives a closer look into the habits of organic product
usage in Europe. How often do people use organic products and which products are favourite? What is the
motivation for consuming organic products, the barriers for not eating many organic products and what are the
reasons for never intending to use organic products?
Organic food and drinks are products which have been produced according to certain restrictions with regard to the
environment, scenery, animal welfare and production methods.
The highest organic product usage is achieved by the Italian and German population. At an
overall level a quarter of the Europeans eat organic products on a weekly basis: mainly organic
vegetables, fruit and eggs.
The healthy character as well as the better taste are the main reasons for consuming organic
products. Dutch people mainly eat organic products because they are better for the animals.
The high price is both a barrier when it comes to eating more organic products as it is to start
eating them at all.
Please note: results have indicated that Russian and European consumers have a different understanding of the
term “organic” food. Russians do understand the term, but they seem to have a slightly different standard, yet
perceptional (i.e. they are not aware of the official term “organic”). They think more about “innocent” products
which do not contain harmful ingredients. Russian results in this chapter have been treated as indicative. Note
that the fieldwork was done during the summer period when many people consume fruits and vegetables grown
on their dacha (country house with a piece of land where it is common to plant different types of vegetables and
berries). Not surprisingly they trust what they grow there.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 47
MORE CONCLUSIONS
Regular versus occasional and non-organic product users
Half of the Europeans eat organic products on a regular basis, i.e. with a minimum frequency of
once a month. A quarter never eat organic products. The habits in relation to food and nutrition
are quite different between organic and occasional or non-organic product users. Regular users
seem to have a healthier lifestyle and are more health conscious.
Regular users are generally younger than occasional and non-users and have a lower BMI.
Although they are of the opinion that their diet is adequate to promote their health, they still need
to lose weight. However, they need to lose less weight than occasional and non-users.
Occasional and non-users use more diets and products to lose weight, but they eat significantly
fewer vegetables, less fruit and fish and fewer vegetarian meals than organic product users.
Furthermore, organic product users feel better informed when it comes to healthy or unhealthy
nutrition. They also search for information with regard to nutrition on a more regular basis. Their
exercise frequency is higher and they even play sports more regularly. Their means of transport
for school and work consists significantly more often of public transport, riding a bicycle or
simply walking. Occasional and non-users are more used to transporting themselves by car
compared to regular organic food users.
In relation to nutrition, regular users of organic products are, more than occassional and non-
users, used to diagnosing themselves by using Internet or literature. They are also more used to
checking their own cholesterol level, blood pressure or their weight.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 48
34
15 1911
26 32 26
17
26 20
6
2419
20
3
2 3
1
2 22
5
3 5
2
3 55
19
25 25
24
2022
24
1723 17
40
1414 17
6 6 11 11 6 615
3,33 3,91 4,92 7,61 4,64 3 3,420
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% never % less often % once every half year
% quarterly % monthly % weekly
% daily monthly avg.
Frequency of organic product usageNote: Russian results are indicative due to a different understanding of the term “organic”
German and Italian consumers seem to have the highest frequency of organic product usage. More than a quarter consume organic products on a weekly basis. One tenth of the Italians even consume organic products daily.
Eating organic products seems to be less common in France, Spain and the Netherlands.
Q8 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 49
51
46
39
25
23
22
17
22
28
22
15
14
18
4
3
Organic product usageNote: Russian results are indicative due to a different understanding of the term “organic”
Sauces
Delicatessen
Other products
Rice
Pasta
Other dairy products
Juice
Bread
Milk
Potatoes
Meat/chicken
Oil (olive, sunflower oil)
Eggs
Fruit
Vegetables 58
55
53
34
25
36
24
21
20
18
14
11
11
7
6
55
51
38
40
20
25
20
18
23
15
20
19
12
9
8
81
74
71
67
70
74
64
66
48
49
52
54
11
17
21
57
54
52
53
42
43
40
41
35
22
34
36
8
22
14
51
38
48
32
42
25
23
17
20
21
14
13
11
3
4
57
43
42
18
31
27
27
16
16
13
12
11
7
5
6
Vegetables, fruit and eggs are the most consumed organic products. Results are quite similar across the different countries. Organic delicatessen and sauces are consumed least.
Q9 Base: respondents eating organic products
Sample n= 5804 776 868 879 892 746 758 885
Mean of mentions ø=4.56 3.49 3.95 3.73 8.17 5.52 3.61 3.33
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 50
6
3
8
4
17
52
75
Other reasons
Fashionable
Common in peer group
Better for animals
Better for environment
Taste better
Healthier
13
3
9
11
26
25
58
Other reasons
Fashionable
Common in peer group
Better for animals
Better for environment
Taste better
Healthier
26
3
3
28
31
30
46
Other reasons
Fashionable
Common in peer group
Better for animals
Better for environment
Taste better
Healthier
13
6
10
15
41
30
58
Other reasons
Fashionable
Common in peer group
Better for animals
Better for environment
Taste better
Healthier
Reasons for consuming organic productsNote: Russian results are indicative due to a different understanding of the term “organic”
Organic products are mostly eaten because of their healthy character. The better taste and the environmentally friendly aspect are the next most important reasons.
Q10 Base: respondents eating organic products at least once a month
Sample n= 5804 776 868 879 892 746 758 885
Mean of mentions ø=1.59 1.68 1.72 1.45 1.65 1.38 1.67 1.55
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 51
27
2
4
26
26
36
35
Other reasons
Fashionable
Common in peer group
Better for animals
Better for environment
Taste better
Healthier
Reasons for consuming organic products
13
5
6
11
24
22
58
Other reasons
Fashionable
Common in peer group
Better for animals
Better for environment
Taste better
Healthier
23
2
5
39
32
33
33
Other reasons
Fashionable
Common in peer group
Better for animals
Better for environment
Taste better
Healthier
For organic product users from the Netherlands animal welfare is a much more important reason to consume these products than it is for other countries.
Q10 Base: respondents eating organic products at least once a month
Sample n= 5804 776 868 879 892 746 758 885
Mean of mentions ø=1.59 1.68 1.72 1.45 1.65 1.38 1.67 1.55
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 52
11
12
50
10
15
7
35
5
8
9
Other
If they looked better
If they became more hygienic
Better visibility in shops
Guarantee of no bugs
More information on advantages
Better taste
Better availability
A larger offer
Lower prices
7
5
17
12
16
19
13
22
30
67
Other
If they looked better
If they became more hygienic
Better visibility in shops
Guarantee of no bugs
More information on advantages
Better taste
Better availability
A larger offer
Lower prices
14
13
3
14
11
9
10
19
15
74
Other
If they looked better
If they became more hygienic
Better visibility in shops
Guarantee of no bugs
More information on advantages
Better taste
Better availability
A larger offer
Lower prices
8
6
5
11
14
14
14
13
22
86
Other
If they looked better
If they became more hygienic
Better visibility in shops
Guarantee of no bugs
More information on advantages
Better taste
Better availability
A larger offer
Lower prices
Triggers for eating more organic productsNote: Russian results are indicative due to a different understanding of the term “organic”
The price is the most important barrier for not eating organic products on a regular basis. A larger offer and better availability could also increase organic product usage.
Q11 Base: respondents eating organic products, but less than once a month
Sample n= 1889 326 101 289 323 272 282 296
Mean of mentions ø= 1.92 1.91 1.82 2.08 1.61 2.23 1.81 1.80
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 53
9
10
3
8
11
8
11
17
24
81
Other
If they looked better
If they became more hygienic
Better visibility in shops
Guarantee of no bugs
More information on advantages
Better taste
Better availability
A larger offer
Lower prices
6
8
8
21
14
19
17
37
23
70
Other
If they looked better
If they became more hygienic
Better visibility in shops
Guarantee of no bugs
More information on advantages
Better taste
Better availability
A larger offer
Lower prices
3
8
4
10
9
10
12
20
13
91
Other
If they looked better
If they became more hygienic
Better visibility in shops
Guarantee of no bugs
More information on advantages
Better taste
Better availability
A larger offer
Lower prices
Triggers for eating more organic products
The lack of availability of organic products is a reason for not eating many organic products for four out of ten Spanish consumers.
Q11 Base: respondents eating organic products, but less than once a month
Sample n= 1889 326 101 289 323 272 282 296
Mean of mentions ø= 1.92 1.91 1.82 2.08 1.61 2.23 1.81 1.80
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 54
7
1
6
2
4
2
7
36
30
59
Other reasons
They can contain bugs
Not as hygienic as non-organic
Look not as nice as non-organic
Not a wide offer
Not available where I shop
I wasn't aware of them
They are only fashion
They are a waste of money
Too expensive
Barriers for never consuming organic productsNote: Russian results are indicative due to a different understanding of the term “organic”
The price is also a barrier for non-users. Non-users are of the opinion that organic products are a waste of money and that they are only fashion.
Q11b Base: respondents who have never eaten organic products
Sample n= 1799 401 115 133 326 349 263 212
Mean of mentions ø= 1.48 1.52 1.49 1.56 1.34 1.43 1.48
11
5
3
5
7
2
27
48
62
Other reasons
They can contain bugs
Not as hygienic as non-organic
Look not as nice as non-organic
Not a wide offer
Not available where I shop
I wasn't aware of them
They are only fashion
They are a waste of money
Too expensive
20
1
9
3
13
12
7
21
16
48
Other reasons
They can contain bugs
Not as hygienic as non-organic
Look not as nice as non-organic
Not a wide offer
Not available where I shop
I wasn't aware of them
They are only fashion
They are a waste of money
Too expensive
15
1
3
4
14
41
42
9
11
18
Other reasons
They can contain bugs
Not as hygienic as non-organic
Look not as nice as non-organic
Not a wide offer
Not available where I shop
I wasn't aware of them
They are only fashion
They are a waste of money
Too expensive
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 55
Barriers for never consuming organic products
The price is a barrier especially for the Dutch and the respondents in the United Kingdom. Awareness needs most attention in Spain.
10
4
2
3
4
2
1
18
32
73
Other reasons
They can contain bugs
Not as hygienic as non-organic
Look not as nice as non-organic
Not a wide offer
Not available where I shop
I wasn't aware of them
They are only fashion
They are a waste of money
Too expensive
20
1
2
6
10
18
23
14
6
36
Other reasons
They can contain bugs
Not as hygienic as non-organic
Look not as nice as non-organic
Not a wide offer
Not available where I shop
I wasn't aware of them
They are only fashion
They are a waste of money
Too expensive
21
3
1
5
5
4
19
19
65
Other reasons
They can contain bugs
Not as hygienic as non-organic
Look not as nice as non-organic
Not a wide offer
Not available where I shop
I wasn't aware of them
They are only fashion
They are a waste of money
Too expensive
Q11b Base: respondents who have never eaten organic products
Sample n= 1799 401 115 133 326 349 263 212
Mean of mentions ø= 1.48 1.52 1.49 1.56 1.34 1.43 1.48
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 56
Taking a close look Taking a close look
at medicationat medication
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 57
This chapter, which takes a close look at medication, mainly focuses on the habit of visiting a doctor, the use of
chronic medicines and medicines without any prescription. Which medicines are used and do people have faith in
alternative medication?
The opinion about and the usage of alternative medicines will also be discussed and questions about self-medication
and self-diagnosis will be answered. What habits do Europeans have when it comes to checking weight, blood
pressure and cholesterol level?
Alternative medicine is another way of taking care of yourself when feeling ill. Alternative medicine includes therapies
such as chiropractic treatment, herbalism, traditional Chinese medicine, hypnosis, homeopathy and acupuncture.
INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS
On average it appears that one third of the Europeans have visited their doctor in the past
month. Another third have seen their doctor longer than six months ago. The frequency of doctor
visits is highest in Germany, while it is lowest in Russia and the Netherlands.
Half of the European population have been prescribed chronic medication. The amount of
prescibed medication is lowest in Russia: only one fifth use one or more chronic medicines. The
fact that only the Russian urban online population has been included will give a somewhat
distorted picture of the situation in Russia as a whole (where usage of chronic medication is
higher).
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 58
MORE CONCLUSIONS
Medicines can also be used without any prescription from a doctor. Painkillers, cold or flu remedies
and laxatives are the most used medicines without prescription. The usage of these medicines is
highest in Russia. The Russians as well as the Italians also use surprisingly more eye drops than
people in other countries. The usage of ear drops on the other hand is very low in Spain and the
United Kingdom.
Yet not everyone seems to have confidence in alternative medicine. The United Kingdom citizens
have least faith, while half of the French have complete faith in alternative medication. With an
average of two fifths usage of alternative medicine is relatively high. The number of Spanish users is
below average.
Self-diagnosis is another possibility to diagnose yourself. German respondents are most active when
it comes to self-diagnosis, both via the Internet as well as through other media such as books and
literature. The Russians and Dutch diagnose themselves least.
The habits of self-diagnosis vary somewhat across the countries. The Italians are most used to
checking their cholesterol level, blood pressure and weight at home. Three quarters of the Russians
say that they check their blood pressure at home; this is a surprisingly high score in comparison with
the other European countries. It is highly unlikely that such a high number of Russians own a device
for measuring their blood pressure. It is possible that respondents measure their blood pressure by
borrowing the device from someone else, or that they included cases when the doctor visited them at
home and measured their blood pressure.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 59
CONCLUSIONS ON SEGMENTATION
European insights into the habits of using medication across the Lifestyle segments
Some medicines are available without a doctor’s prescription. People who are living a healthy
lifestyle have bought more vitamins and homeopathics than people with an unhealthy lifestyle,
while those with an unhealthy lifestyle seem to have bought more painkillers during the last
twelve months.
Although the frequency of visiting a doctor is not very different between the segments,
Europeans with an unhealthy lifestyle use significantly more medicines for a long time (chronic)
than people with a healthy lifestyle. They are especially more likely to use more than three
different medications chronically.
It seems that people with a healthy lifestyle are also more open to different ways of staying
healthy. For instance, we see that they are more likely to have (some) faith in alternative
medicine and also use it more.
Those living a healthy lifestyle also diagnose themselves via Internet or literature slightly more
than those who live relatively less healthily.The habit of self-diagnosis by checking your blood
pressure, your cholesterol level or your weight is also more common among those who live very
healthily.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 60
10 8 1228
1427 215 11 9
20
7
151413 16 16
17
13
12 1625 19 25
19
19
20 2134 23
2510
2717 19
13 22 13 720 9 10
4,35 4,66 5,23 9,1 5,01 8,24 7,180
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% last week
% last month
% last 3 months
% last 6 months
% last year
% longer ago
monthly avg.
53 55 6080
57 56 55
47 45 4020
43 44 45
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% users
% non-users
Doctor visit frequency and prescription of chronic medicines
The French visit their doctor most often. Half of the French have visited their doctor in the last month.
Usage of chronic prescription medication is lowest in Russia. However, the composition of the Russian sample is only representative of the urban online population and it is therefore assumed that this group includes fewer users of chronic medication than the average total population.
Q26/27 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 61
45 48 55 53 58 61 70
55 52 45 47 42 39 30
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% faith
% little/no faith
Opinion and usage of alternative medicine
56 53 57 57 67 57 63
44 47 43 43 33 43 37
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% users
% non-users
The French and Germans have most faith in alternative medicine. This also reflects the high usage of alternative medicine for both countries.
Spain and the United Kingdom have least faith in alternative medicine: usage is low.
Q29/29a Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 62
10
12
4
9
8
12
28
63
59
56
None of these
Other
Sleep-inducing drugs
Ear drops
Laxatives
Homeopathics
Eye drops
Vitamins
Cold or flu remedies
Painkillers
24
4
3
6
8
14
24
24
39
44
None of these
Other
Sleep-inducing drugs
Ear drops
Laxatives
Homeopathics
Eye drops
Laxatives
Cold or flu remedies
Painkillers
41
8
3
4
5
14
7
18
24
30
None of these
Other
Sleep-inducing drugs
Ear drops
Laxatives
Homeopathics
Eye drops
vitamins
Cold or flu remedies
Painkillers
Usage of medication without prescription
29
8
4
3
4
14
12
25
31
44
None of these
Other
Sleep inducing drugs
Ear drops
Laxatives
Homeopathic remedies
Eye drops
Vitamins
Cold or flu remedies
Painkillers
Although the usage of chronic medicines is rather low in Russia, their usage of over-the-counter medication is high. This might be typical for computer users, not for the whole urban population.
Q25 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 63
30
6
3
6
3
15
5
34
21
50
None of these
Other
Sleep-inducing drugs
Ear drops
Laxatives
Homeopathics
Eye drops
Vitamins
Cold or flu remedies
Painkillers
23
5
4
7
6
4
14
35
39
52
None of these
Other
Sleep-inducing drugs
Ear drops
Laxatives
Homeopathics
Eye drops
Vitamins
Cold or flu remedies
Painkillers
37
5
4
4
6
3
13
16
26
37
None of these
Other
Sleep-inducing drugs
Ear drops
Laxatives
Homeopathics
Eye drops
Vitamins
Cold or flu remedies
Painkillers
Usage of medication without prescription
In Spain usage of medicines such as painkillers, cold or flu remedies, vitamins and homeopathic remedies is significantly lower than it is in other European countries.
Q25 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 64
97
53
9587
95 9789
3
38
512
5 311
09
1
0
25
50
75
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% never % every now and then % always
Medication via the Internet
Half of the Germans buy medicines via the Internet. Please note that it is known from previous research among a representative German sample (including offline), that this is lower (24%). However, this is still much higher than the figures of the other countries.
The French and Dutch are least used to using the Internet to buy their medicines.
Q31 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 65
The Germans use Internet the most in order to check themselves for certain diseases.
Other media are mostly used by the Germans as well as the Russians.
Overall, the Dutch, French and Spanish self-diagnose the least.
54
63
62
49
52
50
61
16
18
15
20
13
16
18
11
9
10
13
24
13
8
13
5
5
10
5
8
8
6
4
8
8
6
12
5
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
UK
NL
SP
RU
IT
DE
FR
% never % once % twice
% 3-5 times % more often
Self-diagnosis via Internet or other mediaOther media such as books and literature
68
78
69
55
60
62
71
13
11
14
21
12
12
13
7
6
8
11
21
8
7
7
2
4
6
3
9
5
4
3
5
7
4
9
4
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
UK
NL
SP
RU
IT
DE
FR
% never % once % twice
% 3-5 times % more often
INTERNET OTHER MEDIA
Q30 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 66
Self-diagnosisChecking your own cholesterol level, blood pressure and weight
96 9474
97 90 99 95
4 6 26 3 10 1 5
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
Checking your cholesterol level
7852
24 3061
79 76
2248
76 7039 21 24
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
Checking your blood pressure
12 15 7 14 23 16 21
88 85 93 86 77 84 79
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
Checking your weight
% yes
% no
Italy has a relatively high level of self-diagnosis. In the Netherlands this is less of a habit where the level of self-diagnosis is lowest. Russians are most used to checking their own blood pressure, although it is suspected that they may have also thought of the doctor measuring their blood pressure at home.
Q30b Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 67
Unhealthy habits on Unhealthy habits on
food and nonfood and non--foodfood
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 68
INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS
Having seen many results of healthy habits and how to keep yourself healthy, this final chapter will provide further
insights into the European world of unhealthy habits. Who is responsible for unhealthy food consumption? And
what do our unhealthy lives look like in terms of cigarette, alcohol and drug usage?
All countries have differing opinions when it comes to who is most responsible for reducing the
consumption of unhealthy food. Overall, most people believe that the consumer him- or herself
is most responsible. Two fifths of the Russians feel that the government is most responsible for
reducing the consumption of unhealthy food. Italian citizens believe however that the media are
second most responsible. A significant part of the population also blame manufacturers.
Previous results have shown that almost a third of the Europeans smoke. Traditional cigarettes
are still the most common way of smoking. Hand-rolled cigarettes come in second, with the
highest usage in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Germany respectively. The number
of cigarettes being smoked during the day is highest for the hand-rolled variant.
The number of people drinking alcohol is largest in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
These countries also have the highest frequency of consuming alcohol with a consumption of
eight glasses a week.
It needs to be taken into account that the actual usage of drugs, alcohol and cigarettes is
probably higher, but not everyone will have admitted this.
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 69
2 1 5 1 5 2 412
610
40
15
57
6
2
5
2
3
25
12
3
11
2
8
33
33 69 28
2639
70 58
4
3
21 1 9
34
3116 20
2821 15 18
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% manufacturers
% the media
% the consumer
% consumer organisations
% retailers
% government
% others
Responsibility of unhealthy food consumption
The opinion about who is most responsible for reducing the consumption of unhealthy food varies greatly from country to country.
Previous results have shown that Russians most often think that unhealthy food should be surtaxed. They also believe that manufacturers and the government are responsible for unhealthy food consumption. The Dutch and Germans most often think they are responsible themselves.
Q14 Base: all respondents
n= 7592 1125 1000 1091 998 1008 1159 1211
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 70
7673
86
94
83
6066
18
27
11 2 11
3832
10 4 5 3 5 8 53 2 3 3 2 20
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
% cigarettes % hand-rolled cigarettes % cigars % pipe
Smoking habits
Ordinary cigarettes still have the highest penetration among smokers, especially in Russia.
Hand-rolled cigarettes are far behind: they are mostly used by the Dutch and people from the United Kingdom.
Q23 Base: respondents who (sometimes) smoke
n= 2464 314 328 349 423 374 405 271
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 71
13,0
15,6
13,9
13,1
17,5
16,1
13,3
6,05,3 4,9 4,9
2,8
3,63,0 3,2 2,7
12,714,013,4
12,0
3,8
7,4 10,0
5,1
9,9
5,5
9,3
1,60
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
# cigarettes per day # hand-rolled cigarettes per day
# cigars per day # pipes per day
Smoking frequencyAmong people who (sometimes) smoke
Hand-rolled cigarettes have the highest usage frequency among smokers (if base is large enough), especially in Germany and the Netherlands.
Ordinary cigarettes are somewhat lagging behind: they are mostly used by the Germans.
Q24 Base: respondents who (sometimes) smoke
Cigarettes n= 1821 216 233 277 394 300 233 168 Cigars n= 89 27 6 8 6 14 22 7
Hand-rolled n= 462 53 93 37 10 40 147 83 Pipes n= 31 8 1 6 8 2 1 5
Atttention:low base!
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 72
5,6 5,34,0
5,65,0
6,8
6,26,9
8,2 8,0
6,7
6,9
4,65,3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
FR DE IT RU SP NL UK
# glasses a week (incl. non-drinkers - 0 glasses) # glasses a week (drinkers only - min. 1 glass)
Alcohol consumption frequencyAmong people who (sometimes) drink alcohol
The Dutch and people from the United Kingdom drink most during the week, with an average of more than one glass a day.
Italian and Spanish people drink least with an average of five glasses a week.
Q21 Base: respondents who (sometimes) drink alcohol
All n= 5937 897 822 772 798 743 898 1007
Drinkers only n= 5036 802 632 682 649 692 745 833
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 73
1 5 3 3
98 91 92 94 92
1 5 6 6 5
0
25
50
75
100
FR RU SP NL UK
% no answer % never % daily or less
Drug usageSubject not applicable for Germany and Italy
18
6
24
14
8
13
8
9
6
1
2
1
7
6
2
9
25
4
8
7
5
20
6
7
22
6
18
1
10
19
14
16
9
56
67
42
77
86
0 25 50 75 100
UK
NL
SP
RU
FR
% no answer % other % heroin
% mushrooms % speed % ecstasy
% cocaine % cannabis
Drug usage is relatively low, even in the Netherlands where drug usage is tolerated. It is likely to be higher in reality; people may not want to admit using drugs.
Cannabis appears to be favourite among users.
Q36 Base: all respondents n= 5501 1125 998 1008 1159 1211
Q37 Base: respondents who are using drugs n= 240 24 45 69 52 50
Atttention:low base!
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 74
Target characteristicsTarget characteristics
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 75
2
3
14
19
12
17
18
16
0
2
4
18
21
11
16
15
12
0
Education
Primaire
Collège (6ème, 5ème, 4ème, 3ème)
Technique court (CAP, BEP)
Secondaire: seconde, 1ère, Terminale,
niveau Bac ou Brevet professionnel
Technique supérieur (IUT, BTS)
Supérieur 1er cycle (Bac + 1 ou 2)
Supérieur 2ème cycle (Bac + 3 ou 4)
Supérieur 3ème cycle (Bac + 5 et plus)
I have never been to school
19
44
18
14
5
19
46
17
13
4
Size of HH
1
2
3
4
5>
14
16
19
18
33
11
16
18
18
38
Age
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55 >
52
48
48
52
Gender
Male
Female
Unweighted
Weighted
[label]
Socio-demographicsFrance
0
2
6
15
34
1
11
15
2
13
0
3
5
12
40
1
15
10
2
13
Occupation
Agriculteur, viticulteur, forestier, etc.
Artisan, commerçant, chef d’entreprise
Cadre, profession intellectuelle supérieure
Profession intermédiaire
Employé
Ouvrier
Retraité ou pré retraité
Elève ou étudiant
A la recherche d'un premier emploi
Sans activité professionelle
4
5
8
12
15
12
22
7
3
12
4
6
10
14
15
11
20
6
2
12
Income per month
Under € 1,000
€ 1,000 to € 1,200
€ 1,200 to € 1,500
€ 1,500 to € 2,000
€ 2,000 to € 2,500
€ 2,500 to € 3,000
€ 3,000 to € 4,500
€ 4,500 to € 6,000
€ 6,000 or more
Don’t know/no answer
Unweighted
Weighted
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 76
3
16
30
19
31
5
21
32
18
24
Education
Volks-/Grund-/Hauptschule ohne
abgeschlossene Lehre/Berufsausbildung
Volks-/Grund-/Hauptschule mit
abgeschlossener
Lehre/Berufsausbildung
Mittlere Reife/weiterführende Schule
ohne Abitur
Abitur, Hochschulreife ohne Studium
Studium (Universität, Hochschule, etc.)
29
44
15
9
2
29
43
15
10
2
Size of HH
1
2
3
4
5>
9
16
19
19
38
9
13
20
18
40
Age
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55 >
49
51
49
51
Gender
Male
Female
Unweighted
Weighted
[label]
Socio-demographicsGermany
7
43
6
5
28
6
5
4
44
4
6
28
6
7
Occupation
Selbständig / Freiberufler
Angestellter
Beamter
Arbeitslos / arbeitssuchend
Im Ruhestand
Student
Hausfrau / Hausmann
10
8
11
5
10
10
12
9
6
6
11
11
10
13
5
9
10
12
7
7
5
12
Income per year
Under € 11,400
€ 11,401 to € 15,500
€ 15,501 to € 21,200
€ 21,201 to € 23,800
€ 23,801 to € 29,500
€ 29,501 to € 35,200
€ 35,201 to € 46,600
€ 46,601 to € 59,000
€ 59,001 to € 70,000
€ 70,000 or more
Don’t know/no answer
UnweightedWeighted
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 77
0
1
7
43
3
13
33
0
1
8
46
3
13
30
Education
Senza titolo
Scuola elementare
Scuola media inferiore
Scuola media superiore
Corsi professionali
Università senza laurea
Laurea
13
28
28
24
6
13
29
29
23
6
Size of HH
1
2
3
4
5>
10
19
18
18
36
9
16
20
17
38
Age
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55 >
48
52
48
52
Gender
Male
Female
UnweightedWeighted[label]
Socio-demographicsItaly
12
41
12
4
14
10
8
11
41
11
4
16
9
8
Occupation
Lavoratore autonomo/freelance
Lavoratore dipendente
Lavoratore statale
Disoccupato/in cerca di lavoro
In pensione
Studente
Casalinga/casalingo
5
6
13
9
13
10
10
6
3
3
21
5
6
13
9
13
11
10
6
4
3
21
Income per year
Under € 11,400
€ 11,401 to € 15,500
€ 15,501 to € 21,200
€ 21,201 to € 23,800
€ 23,801 to € 29,500
€ 29,501 to € 35,200
€ 35,201 to € 46,600
€ 46,601 to € 59,000
€ 59,001 to € 70,000
€ 70,000 or more
Don’t know/no answer
UnweightedWeighted
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 78
1
20
68
11
1
20
68
11
EducationДо 8-9 классов (начальное, неполноесреднее)Школа, гимназия, колледж, ПТУ, техникум, училище (среднее общееили среднее специальное)Не менее 3 курсов вуза (высшее илинезаконченное высшее,)Аспирантура, 2 высших, ученаястепень8
25
34
23
11
7
23
34
24
12
Size of HH
1
2
3
4
5>
21
23
22
20
14
25
29
22
17
7
Age
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55 >
49
51
49
51
Gender
Male
Female
Unweighted
Weighted
[label]
Socio-demographicsRussia
20
34
25
4
6
5
5
2
21
34
24
4
6
5
6
2
OccupationРаботаю на себя/ работаю по контрактамработаю в частном сектореработаю в государственном секторебезработный /ищу работупенсионер (неработающий/ поинвалидности)студентзанимаюсь домашним хозяйствомДругое0
7
49
43
1
0
1
7
50
39
3
Income per yearНе хватает денег на едуХватает на еду, но не на одежХватает на еду и одежду, но не на дорогиевещиМогут покупать дорогие вещи, но не все, чтозахотятПолный достаток, не ограничены всредствах
Unweighted
Weighted
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 79
0
0
3
15
47
17
17
0
0
0
0
30
17
49
15
15
0
1
Education
No sabe leer (analfabeto)
Sin estudios. Sabe leer o Estudios Primarios incompletos
Enseñanza de Primer Grado
Enseñanza de Segundo Grado/1er. Ciclo
Enseñanza de Segundo Grado/2er.Ciclo
Enseñanza de Tercer Grado
Enseñanza de Tercer Grado Universitario
Other
No answer
8
30
31
25
5
9
31
31
24
4
Size of HH
1
2
3
4
5>
17
24
15
16
28
9
20
20
17
34
Age
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55 >
48
52
49
51
Gender
Male
Female
Unweighted
Weighted
[label]
Socio-demographicsSpain
7
38
8
14
13
11
10
7
39
8
13
15
7
11
Occupation
Autónomo/a, por cuenta propia
Trabajador asalariado
Funcionario
Desempleado/buscando trabajo
Jubilado/a
Estudiante
Amo/a de casa
12
11
15
7
11
8
8
4
2
2
20
12
12
15
8
11
8
8
4
3
2
18
Income per year
Under € 11,400
€ 11,401 to € 15,500
€ 15,501 to € 21,200
€ 21,201 to € 23,800
€ 23,801 to € 29,500
€ 29,501 to € 35,200
€ 35,201 to € 46,600
€ 46,601 to € 59,000
€ 59,001 to € 70,000
€ 70,000 or more
Don’t know/no answer
Unweighted
Weighted
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 80
2
12
16
29
12
24
5
1
8
11
29
16
29
7
Education
Geen onderwijs/basisonderwijs
Lbo/vbo/vmbo
Mavo/eerste 3 jaar havo of vwo/vmbo
Mbo
Havo/vwo
Hbo/w.o. bachelor of kandidaats
W.o.-doctoraal of master
23
42
14
15
6
21
43
16
21
6
Size of HH
1
2
3
4
5>
6
13
22
22
37
11
16
20
19
34
Age
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55 >
46
54
49
51
Gender
Male
Female
Unweighted
Weighted
[label]
Socio-demographicsThe Netherlands
5
41
4
7
22
3
16
7
42
6
6
22
5
12
Occupation
Zelfstandig ondernemer/freelancer
Werkzaam in loondienst
Werkzaam bij de overheid
Werkloos/werkzoekend
Gepensioneerd of VUT
Studerend/schoolgaand
Huisvrouw/huisman
6
7
7
6
8
15
9
8
5
4
25
5
5
6
7
7
14
10
10
6
5
25
Income per year
Under € 11,400
€ 11,401 to € 15,500
€ 15,501 to € 21,200
€ 21,201 to € 23,800
€ 23,801 to € 29,500
€ 29,501 to € 35,200
€ 35,201 to € 46,600
€ 46,601 to € 59,000
€ 59,001 to € 70,000
€ 70,000 or more
Don’t know/no answer
UnweightedWeighted
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 81
30
20
24
15
5
7
31
21
23
14
5
6
Education
Degree or higher
A level/AS level
GCSE
Vocational / trade apprenticeship
qualification
Other
None of these
21
43
17
13
6
20
42
17
14
6
Size of HH
1
2
3
4
5>
11
14
19
15
41
11
17
20
17
35
Age
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55 >
48
52
48
52
Gender
Male
Female
UnweightedWeighted[label]
Socio-demographicsUnited Kingdom
7
41
6
6
28
4
8
6
44
6
6
25
5
8
Occupation
Self-employed/freelance
Salaried employment
Working for government
Unemployed/looking for a job
Retired
Student
Housewife/househusband
34
25
16
6
1
18
33
25
17
7
1
17
Income per year
Under £20,000
£20,001 to £34,999
£35,000 to £59,999
£60,000 to £99,999
£100,000 or more
Don’t know/no answer
UnweightedWeighted
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 82
AppendixAppendix
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 83
QUESTIONNAIRE (1/3)
Background questions
Main questionnaire
Q1. Do you believe your diet is adequate to promote your health?
Q2. Which of the following best describes your eating habits?
Q3. Do you have to watch your weight/be careful about your diet?
Q4. Currently, do you intend to gain/remain/lose weight?
Q5. Have you used any of the following in the past 12 months to help you lose weight?
Q6. Have you followed a special diet during the last 12 months?
Q7. How often do you:
• 1. eat vegetables?
• 2. eat fruit?
• 3. eat meat?
• 4. eat fish?
• 5. eat a vegetarian meal?
• 6. eat a home-cooked meal?
• 7. smoke?
• 8. drink alcohol?
Q8. How often, if ever, do you consume organic products?
Q9. What types of organic food or drinks do you consume?
Q10. Why do you consume organic products?
Q11a. Which of the following would encourage you to consume more organic products?
Q11b. What is the reason why you do NOT consume organic products?
Q12. Below you see some ingredients.
• Which of these ingredients have you ever have heard of?
• Which of these ingredients do you (sometimes) look for when you buy your food or drinks? (e.g. by reading the labels)
Q13. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
Q14. In your opinion, who is most responsible for reducing the consumption of unhealthy food?
Q15a. How well-informed do you feel you are when it comes to healthy or unhealthy nutrition?
Q15b. Do you ever search for information on nutrition in sources other than product labels? (for example on the internet or with family, friends or doctors)
Q16. Which source(s) of information do you use?
Q17. What is your opinion about your own health?
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 84
QUESTIONNAIRE (2/3)
Q18a. How many hours per week do you exercise (medium to high intensity, like sports, cycling, walking at a medium to high pace)?
Q18b. Do you play sport on a regular basis (at least once a week)?
Q19. Which means of transport (if any) do you use for your usual trips, for instance to go to work or to school?
Q21. In one of the previous questions you said you (sometimes) drink alcohol. How many glasses of alcohol did you drink during the last seven days? (Count a pint or a half-litre glass as two glasses)
Q23. In one of the previous questions you said you (sometimes) smoke. What do you smoke?
Q24. On average, how many < answer previous question> do you smoke per day?
Q25. Some medicines you can get without a prescription from your doctor. Which of the following have you bought for yourself in the last 12 months –without consulting a doctor?
Q26. When did you last visit a doctor (GP or specialist) for a consultation?
Q27. Has your doctor prescribed you drugs that you have to take for a long time (chronic) and if so, how many do you take currently? (Note: the contraceptive Pill should not be regarded as a medicine)
Q29. What is your opinion about alternative medicine?
Q29a. Have you ever used alternative medicine?
Q30a. These days it is possible to find a lot of information on the internet. Some people use this to diagnose themselves for a certain disease. How often, if ever, have you self diagnosed…
• 1. over the internet
• 2. through other media like books and literature
Q30b. Do you ever do any of the following at home?
• 1. check your cholesterol level
• 2. check your blood pressure
• 3. check your weight
Q31. Do you ever buy medicines over the internet?
Q32. Please fill in your height.
Q33. Please fill in how much you weigh.
Q34. What are your general eating habits per week (in an average week)?
• Breakfast
• Snacking in the morning
• Lunch
• Snacking in the afternoon
• Dinner
• Snacking in the evening
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 85
QUESTIONNAIRE (3/3)
Q35. How many times do you eat out-of-home in an average week?
• Breakfast
• Lunch
• Dinner
Background questions
Q38. What is your occupation?
Q39. What is your highest level of education?
Q40. What is your household’s gross income on a yearly basis? This is the sum of all incomes from paid employments, benefits and pensions of all people in your household per year.
Q41. How many members are in your household (including yourself)?
Q42. In which region do you live?
Additional drugs usage questions
Q36. How often do you use drugs (like cannabis, cocaine etc.), if ever?
Q37. Which drugs do you use?
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 86
SEGMENTATION METHODOLOGY (1/2)
The lifestyle segmentation is realized by means of behavorial variables, including the BMI and a selection of questions. The selected questions are referring most to the extent to which one is living a healthy life. Habits with a negative impact on health are having a higher score than habits with a neutral or positive impact. Using this method a health score was calculated for each respondent.
The following variables and corresponding scores have been used to calculate the individual health scores:
BMI
• Underweight (0)
• Normal weight (0)
• Slight overweight (0)
• Overweight (1)
• Obese (2)
• Morbidly obese (4)
Q1. Adequate diet to promote health
• Definitely (0)
• Probably (1)
• Probably not (1)
• Definitely not (2)
Q7_1, 2. Vegetables/fruit consumption
• At least 2-3 times a day (0)
• Once a day (0)
• 4-6 times a week (0)
• 2-3 times a week (0)
• Once a week (1)
• Less than once a week (2)
• Never (2)
Q7_7. Smoking habits
• At least 2-3 times a day (3)
• Once a day (1)
• 4-6 times a week (1)
• 2-3 times a week (1)
• Once a week (1)
• Less than once a week (0)
• Never (0)
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme
SEGMENTATION METHODOLOGY (1/2)
The total distribution of respondents with scores varying from 0 to 20 have been divided, on a European level, into four equal groups. The country specific segmentation was developed by using the same classification.
• Score 0 to 2: Very healthy lifestyle (EU: 22%)
• Score 3 to 4: Medium healthy lifestyle (EU: 21%)
• Score 5 to 7: Medium unhealthy lifestyle (EU: 32%)
• Score 8 to 20: Unhealthy lifestyle (EU: 25%)
Q18a. Hours exercise per week
• 0 (3)
• 1 (3)
• 2 (2)
• 3 (1)
• 4 or more (0)
Q18b. Playing sports on a regular basis
• Yes, more than 4 times a week (0)
• Yes, 2-3 times a week (0)
• Yes, once a week (1)
• No, but I would like to (2)
• No, and I don’t want to (2)
Q19. Means of transport for usual trips
• Bicycle (0)
• Car (2)
• Walking (0)
• Public transport (1)
• Motorbike (1)
• Taxi (2)
• Other (0)
Q21a. Alcohol consumption
• 0-15 (0)
• 16-20 (1)
• 21-30 (2)
• More than 31 (3)
Insights into Health & Nutrition
Part of the European PR survey programme 88
QUESTIONS & CONTACT
If you have any questions about this report, please contact TNS NIPO in The Netherlands:
Petra Kramer
• Research Consultant Health & Welfare
• +31 (0)20 5225 413
Desirée van der Veen
• Research Executive Consumer
• +31 (0)20 5225 731