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NGUYN TH MINH HIN

M PHNG

CNG NGH HO HC

Nhm M phng Cng ngh Ha hc v Du khTrng i hc Bch khoa H Ni


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LI GII THIU

Trong lnh vc cng ngh ho hc hin nay c rt nhiu phn mm mphng ca cc cng ty phn mm c pht trin v s dng rng ri trongthit kcng ngh, nh: PRO/II, DYNSIM (Simsci); HYSIM, HYSYS, HTFS,STX/ACX, BDK (AspenTech); UNISIM (Honeywell-UOP); PROSIM,TSWEET (Bryan Research & Engineering); Design II (Winsim); IDEAS

Simulation; Simulator 42,, trong ph bin nht l PRO/II, DYNSIM(Simsci), HYSYS (AspenTech) v UNISIM (Honeywell-UOP).

S pht trin mnh m ca cng ngh ho hc trong th k 21, i hi mik s cng ngh cn phihiu v s dng thnh tho t nht mt trong s cc

phn mm m phng ph bin trn.

Cc phn mm m phng u c c s nhit ng hc rt vng chc vy , kh nng thit k linh hot, cng vi mc chnh xc v tnh thitthc ca cc h nhit ng cho php thc hin cc m hnh tnh ton rt gn vithc t cng ngh. Cc cng c m phng cng ngh rt mnh phc v chonghin cu tnh ton thit k cng ngh ca cc k s trn c s hiu bit vcc qu trnh cng ngh ho hc, p ng ccyu cu cng ngh nn tng c

bn cho m hnh ho v m phng cc qu trnh cng ngh t khai thc ti chbin trong cc nh my x l kh v nh my lm lnh su, cho n cc qutrnh cng ngh lc ho du v cng ngh ho hc.

mc c bn, vic hiu bit v la chn ng cc cng c m phngv cc cu t cn thit , cho php m hnh ho v m phng cc qu trnh cngngh mt cch ph hp v tin cy. iu quan trng nht l phi hiu bit susc qu trnh cng ngh trc khi bt u thc hin mphng, bi v m phngch cung cp cccng c phc v cho m phngtnh ton cng ngh, m khngth suy ngh thay cho cc k s.

Trong s UNISIM v HYSYS l cc phn mm m phng cng nghha hc ang c s dng rng ri trong cc trng i hc cng ngh. Quynsch ny s gii thiu cho sinh vin ln u tin s dng UNISIMv c t hoccha c kinh nghim m phng trn my tnh, v cng l gio trnh dnh chosinh vin nm th ba ca cc trng i hc cng ngh, ng thi quyn schc th s dng nh mt ch dn cho cc kha hc cao hn trong cng ngh ha


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hc, khi UNISIMnh mt cng c m phng gii quyt cc vn cngngh. Hn na c th s dng quyn sch ny ng thi cho c sinh vin v ks thc hnh, nh mt ti liu hng dn hay mt quyn s tay cho cc khahc UNISIM.

Phn mm UNISIM chy trong mi trng Windows c giao din thnthin vi ngi s dng. UNISIM cng ging nh tt c cc phn mm khclun lun c s pht trin phin bn mi, tuy nhin phn c bn hu nh khngthay i t phin bn ny n phin bn khc, quyn sch ny hng dn sdng UNISIM DESIGN, ccng ty Honeywell-UOP cung cp c bn quynti phng th nghim Cng ngh Lc Ho du v Vt liu xc tc trng ihc Bch khoa H Ni. Sau khi ci t ngi s dng ch cn c hiu bit c

bn v my tnh l c th s dng c.UNISIMl chng trnh m phng rtphc tp v v th trong mt cun sch khng th cp n tt c cc vn .Quyn sch ny t trng tm vo phn c bn ca UNISIM, nhm gip chonhng sinh vin ln u tin lm quen vi m phng c th nm bt c vdn dn s dng thnh tho trong tnh ton thit k cng ngh.

Trong phm vi quyn sch ny s nghin cu tm hiu cc thit b c mphng trong UNISIM, s dng cc cng c ca UNISIM m phng mt squ trnh cng ngh ho hc n gin, nghin cu nh hng ca cc thng scng ngh n cht lng sn phm. Chng 7 s a ra cc ng dng m

phng trong vn dng cc kin thc c cung cp trong cc chngtrc m phng mt s qu trnh cng ngh ho hc t n gin n

phc tp. V vy i hi ngi s dng phi hc nghim tc v thc hnh thnhtho ton b cc chng trc th mi c th lm c cc bi ng dng trongchng ny, v khi s thy ht sc th v v hiu qu.

c bitnm 2012cc sinh vin K52 ngnh Cng ngh Ho Du thamgia cuc thi S dng phn mm UNISIM Design thit k m phng cng

ngh do Honeywell t chc hng nm cho sinh vin Chu - Thi BnhDng, t gii nht v mt gii nh.

Cc sinh vin nm cui chuyn ngnh Cng ngh Hu c Ho Du, trngi hc Bch khoa H Ni- cc tr ging- tham gia rt nhit tnh, lm vic rtnghim tc v c hiu qu gp phn rt quan trng ti liu ny c thhon thnh.

Gio trnh ny c bin son ln u nn khng trnh khi thiu st, rtmong nhn c s gp ca nhng ngi s dng sa cha b sung cho

nhng ln ti bn sau c tt hn. Xin chn thnh cm n.

Tc gi


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MC LC

Chng 1. GII THIU V M PHNG...................................... 31.1 Mc ch ca m phng.................................................................... 31.2 Gii thiucc phn mm m phng cng ngh ha hc..................... 51.3 Phn mm m phngUNISIM DESIGN ........................................... 6

Chng 2. PHNG TRNH TRNG THI............................... 272.1 Phng trnh trng thi Cc biu thc ton hc............................. 282.2 Thc hin m phng....................................................................... 282.3 Nhp thm bin trong Workbook..................................................... 312.4 S dng Case Studies...................................................................... 342.5 Thay i Fluid Package ................................................................... 372.6 Tm tt v n tp chng 2 ............................................................. 372.7 Bi tp............................................................................................ 38

Chng 3. CC THIT B PH TR......................................... 393.1 Bm ................................................................................................ 403.2 My nn .......................................................................................... 453.3 Tuc bin gin n kh (Expander)..................................................... 513.4 Thit b trao i nhit ...................................................................... 553.5 Thp tch pha ................................................................................. 583.6 Cyclon ............................................................................................ 643.7 Ejector ............................................................................................ 683.8 Tm tt v n tp chng 3............................................................. 853.9 Bi tp nng cao.............................................................................. 86

Chng 4. CC THIT B PHN NG...................................... 874.1 Thit b phn ng chuyn ho......................................................... 884.2 Thit b phn ng cn bng............................................................. 964.3

Thit b phn ngGibbs ................................................................ 106

4.4 Thit b phn ng khuy lin tc (CSTR)...................................... 1124.5 Thit b phn ng dng y (PFR)................................................. 127


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Chng 5. CC CNG C TNH TON.................................. 1365.1 Cng c logicAdjust..................................................................... 1375.2 Cng c logic Set.......................................................................... 1405.3 Cng c logicRecycle................................................................... 1445.4 Tnh ton thng s thp chngbng Shortcut Distillation.............. 1475.5 Phn chia dng cc cu t bng Component Splitter...................... 1505.6 Bng tnh (Spreadsheet) ................................................................ 1535.7 Ti u ho (Optimizer).................................................................. 1615.8 Tm tt v n tp chng 5........................................................... 184

Chng 6. CC M HNH PHN TCH .................................. 1866.1 Thp hp th................................................................................. 1876.2 Thp chng luyn......................................................................... 196

Chng 7. M PHNG MT S QU TRNH CNG NGHHO HC.............................................................. 215

7.1 Qu trnh dehydro ho n-Heptan sn xut Toluen .......................... 2167.2 Qu trnh hydroclo ho etylen ....................................................... 2187.3 Qu trnh oxi ho Etylen ............................................................... 2217.4 Qu trnh chng tch hn hp hydrocacbon nh............................ 2237.5 Qu trnh tng hp Ethylene Glycol(EG) t Ethylene................... 2247.6 Qu trnh tng hp Maleic Anhydride (MA) t Benzene............... 2257.7 Qu trnh tng hp Styrene t Ethyl Benzene (EB) ........................ 2277.8 Qu trnh tng hp Amoniac......................................................... 2287.9 Qu trnh c c dung dch............................................................ 229PFD Chng7 ........................................................................................ 231

GII NGHA MTS CM T TING ANH TRONG M PHNG................................................................................ 236

TI LIU THAM KHO................................................................. 238


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Chng 1.GII THIU VM PHNG

1.1 Mc ch ca m phng

M phng Simulation l phng php m hnh ho da trn vic thitlp m hnh s, v vy cn c gi l Digital Simulation. y l mt cng crt mnh gii cc biu thc ton hc m t cc qu trnh cng ngh ho hc. m phng mt qu trnh trong thc t i hi trc ht phi thit lp mhnh nguyn l ca qu trnh v mi lin h gia cc thng s lin quan. Tip l s dng cc cng c ton hc m t m hnh nguyn l, la chn ccthut ton cn thit. Cui cng l tin hnh x l cc biu thc vi cc iukin rng buc.

Trong thc t vic tnh ton gp hai kh khn. Th nht l gii h ccphng trnh i s phi tuyn (thng phi s dng phng php tnh lp). Thhai l php tnh tch phn ca cc biu thc vi phn (s dng cc biu thc vi

phn hu hn ri rc xp x cc biu thc vi phn lin tc). Cc m hnhton hc rt hu ch trong tt c cc giai on, t nghin cu trin khai n citin pht trin nh my, v ngay c trong nghin cucc kha cnhthng miv kinh t ca qu trnh cng ngh.

Trong nghin cu cng ngh, da trn cc s liu nghin cu v c ch vng hc ca phn ng trong phng th nghim hoc cc phn xng pilot,nh gi nh hng ca cc iu kin tin hnh qu trnh nghin cu ti u hov iu khinqu trnh, bao gm c nghin cu tnh ton m rng quy m snxut (scale-up).

Trong nghin cu thit k, tnh ton kch thc v cc thng s ca thit bv ton b dy chuyn cng ngh, nh gi nh hng ca cc yu t ng hc,nghin cu tng tc nh hng ln nhau ca cc cng on trong cng nghkhi c s tun hon nguyn liu hoc trao i nhit tn dng ti u nhit caqu trnh. M phng tnh ton iu khin qu trnh, khi ng, dng nh my,

x l cc s c v cc tnh hung xy ra trong qu trnh vn hnh nh my. Mt qu trnh cng ngh ho hc trong thc t l mt tp hp gm rt

nhiu yu t ht sc phc tp c nh hng ln nhau (cc thng s cng nghnh nhit , p sut, lu lng dng, thnh phn hn hp phn ng, xc tc,cc qu trnh phn ng song song v ni tip, hiu ng nhit ca phn ng, cn

bng pha trong h thng,). phc tp ca qu trnh tng ln, ng nghavi s lng cc thng s lin quan, cc bin s, cc phng trnh, cc biuthc ton hc,cc iu kin rng buc tng ln. Gii quyt ng thi cc vn

trn i hi mt khi lng tnh ton cc k ln, vic tnh ton bng tay ihi rt nhiu thi gian v hu nh l khng th thc hin c mt cch chnhxc v tin cy.


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Ngy nay vi s pht trin ca cng ngh phn mm tin hc, s ra i cacc phn mm m phng, vic nghin cu tnh ton thit k cng ngh bng

phng php m phng ang ngy cng pht trin, tr nn ph bin vchim u th. M phng cng ngh bng cc phn mm m phng vi s trgip ca my vi tnh l gii php hiu qu, ton din v cho kt qu tin cy.

Trong ngnh cng ngh ho hc, m phng ng vai tr v cng quantrng trong vic nghin cu thit k cng ngh, phn tch, vn hnh v ti uho h thng, iu khin cc qu trnh cng ngh gn vi cc qu trnh trongthc t, v c trong cc nghin cu tnh ton ti u ho v mt kinh t ca qutrnh cng ngh.

Chng trnh m phng ni chung bao gm cc thnh phn sau:

Th vin c s d liu (cc h nhit ng, cc cu t bao gm cc tnhcht vt l v ho l ca chng,) v cc thut ton lin quan n vic

truy cp v tnh ton cc tnh cht ho l ca cc cu t v hn hp cut, thit lp cc cu t gi. C th b sung cc cu t, hoc thay i cch n v trong chng trnh p ng yu cu ca ngi s dng.

Cc cng c m phng cho cc thit b c th c trong h thng cngngh ho hc nh: bm, my nn,tucbin gin n kh, thit btrao inhit, thp tch hai pha v ba pha, chng ct,hp th, trn dng, chia

dngPhn ny c cha cc m hnh ton v thut ton phc v choqu trnh tnh ton cc thng s ca thit b v cc thng s cng nghca qu trnh cng ngh c m phng.

Cc cng c logic phc v cho vic tnh ton tun hon nguyn liu,thit lp cc thng s cng ngh, iu chnh cc thng s theo yu cucng ngh, tnh ton cn bng vt cht v cn bng nng lng, tnhton cn bng pha,

Cc cng c m phng cc qu trnh iu khin (iu khin nhit ,

iu khin p sut, iu khin lu lng dng, iu khin mc chtlng...) trong qu trnh vn hnh quy trnh cng ngh ho hc.

Chng trnh iu hnh chung ton b hot ng ca cc cng c mphng v ngn hng d liu.

Chng trnh x l thng tin: lu tr, xut, nhp, in d liu v ktqu tnh ton c t qu trnh m phng.

H tr vic kt ni gia cc chng trnh m phng khc nhau, kt ni

vi cc module xy dng cc thit b c bit do ngi s dng to rabng cc ngn nglp trnh nh Visual Basic, Visual C++,


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1.2 Gii thiu cc phn mm m phng cng nghha hcM phng cc qu trnh cng ngh ha hc v cng ngh ch bin du kh,

cng ngh tng hp hu c ha du c th c thc hin bng nhiu phn

mm m phng khc nhau. Trong ph bin nht l PRO/II, DYNSIM(Simsci-Esscor), ASPEN HYSYS, ASPEN PLUS (AspenTech) v UNISIMDESIGN (Honeywell-UOP).

Nm 1966 cng ty phn mmSimulation Science c tr s ti Los Angeles(M) a ra phn mm m phng thp chng luyn u tin, mang tnPROCESS l tin thn ca phn mmPROII sau ny.Ngy nay cng ty phttrin mnh m, Invensys Systems SimSci-Esscor division (gi tt l SimSci), tr thnh mt trong ba cng ty cung cp phn mm m phng cng ngh

mnh nht trn thgii, vi cc phn mm m phng cng ngh rt ph bin lPROII v DYNSYM.

Nm 1969 cng ty ChemShare c tr s chnh ti Houston (M) a raphn mm DESIGN, c tip tc pht trin thnhDESIGN II v WINSIM,ng dng trong lnh vc du kh. S pht trin ca cc ngnh cng nghip lcdu v ho du thc y s ra i ca cc gi phn mm m phng cngnghmi.

Trong nhng nm 1970-80 c coi l thi k hong kim ca my tnh,ngn ng lp trnh FORTRAN tr thnh ph bin, nhiu phn mm m phngcng ngh ra i trong giai on ny.

Nm 1976 V Nng lng ca M(US Dept. of Energy) v trng i hcMIT danh ting cng tham gia D n H thng nng cp cc qu trnh cngngh (Advanced System for Process Engineering (ASPEN) Project), sau nyc i tn thnh ASPEN PLUS (ASPEN Tech).

Cng trong nm 1976 cng ty Hyprotech c thnh lp, c tr s chnh

tiCalgary, Canada, l cng ty con ca tp on AEA Technology . Hyprotechl cng ty chuynpht trin v cung cp ccphn mm m phng v ti u hang dng trong cc ngnh cng nghip ho cht, dc phm v du kh.Hyprotech cung cp cc sn phm ca mnh cho 14 trong s15 cng ty dukh ln nht th gii,13 trong s 14 cng ty ha cht hng u, 8 trong s 10cng ty dc phm hng u, tt c cc cng ty x lkhng kh hng uthgii. Trong nm ti chnh 2002, Hyprotech c doanh thu khong $ 68.500.000.

Nm 1981, cng ty AspenPlus c thnh lp trn c s d n ASPEN, c

tr s ti Cambridge, Massachusetts(M)l mt cng tychuyn cung cpphnmm v cc dch v lin quan nh t vn, bo tr v o to. Thng 10 nm2002, AspenPlus hon thnh giao dch mua li cng ty Hyprotech t AEA, v


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t i tn thnh AspenTech. AspenTech pht trin mt lot cc sn phmphn mm, bao gm c phn mm m phng cng ngh cung cp bn quyncho 46 trong tng s 50 cng ty ha cht ln nht th gii, 23 trong s 25 cngty du kh ln nht, 18 trong s 20 cng ty dc phm ln nht th gii. Trongnm ti chnh 2003, cng ty AspenTech c tng doanh thu $ 323.000.000.

Nm 1982 nh du s ra i ca my tnh c nhn (PC). Cng trong nmny cng ty ChemStations pht trin phn mm ChemCAD, c ng dngrng ri trong lnh vc ho hc.

Thng 12 nm 2004, cng ty Honeywell hon thnh giao dch mua li snphm Hysys bn quyn t cng ty AspenTech bao gm c m ngun v c s dliu, v pht trin phn mm ca mnh vi tn gi l UniSim Design. Phin bn

u tin l UniSim Design R350 c cng b vo thng 5 nm 2005. n nm2006, Honeywell nng cp v cho ra i phin bn UniSim Design R360, cmt s ci tin lin quan n cc qu trnh vn chuyn v x lvt liu dng rn.

Nhng phin bn u tin ny c h tr c cc case m phng bng Hysys.ngthi c th ghi li cc case m phng theo nh dng ca Hysys 2004.2 tr vtrc. iu cho php c th thc hin chuyn i gia hai phn mmHysys vUnisim Design. Cc tnh nng vn chuyn v x l vt liu dng rn tip tc cnng cp trong phin bn UniSim Design R370 ra i thng 3 nm 2007.

Honeywell tip tc u t vophn mm m phngcng ngh UniSim, sdng c hai i ng nhn vinpht trin c kinh nghim t AspenTech vcaHoneywell c hiu bit su sc cc qu trnh cng ngh. n cui nm 2012

phin bn UniSim Design R410 c nng cp thm nhiu tnh nng h tr chom phng cng ngh.Vi phin bn ny c th lu li casem phng theo nhdng ca Unisim hoc Hysys, thun tin cho ngi s dng c th lm vic tip tc

bng phn mm Unisim hoc Hysys

1.3 Phn mm m phng UNISIM DESIGNUNISIM DESIGN l sn phm ca cng ty Honeywell-UOP. UNISIM l

phn mm chuyn dng tnh ton m phng cng ngh ch bin du kh vcng ngh ho hc. UNISIM l phn mm c kh nng tnh ton a dng, chokt qu c chnh xc cao, ng thi cung cp nhiu thut ton s dng, trgip trong qu trnh tnh ton cng ngh, kho st cc thng s trong qu trnhthit kv iu khin ccnh my ch bin du kh v tng hp ho du.

Ngoi th vin c sn, UNISIM cho php ngi s dng to cc th vinring hoc cho php lin kt vi cc chng trnh tnh ton hoc cc phn mmkhc nh Microsoft Visual Basic, Microsoft Excel, Visio, C++, Java Kh nng


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ni bt ca UNISIM l t ng tnh ton cc thng s cn li nu thit lp thng tin do s trnh c sai st v c th thay i cc iu kin cng nhs dng cc d liu u vo khc nhau.

UNISIM c thit k s dng cho hai trng thi m phng l m phngng v m phng tnh. M phng tnh (Steady Mode) c s dng nghincu thit k cng ngh cho mt qu trnh, ti u ho cc iu kin cng ngh.Vi mi mt b s liu ban u, mi iu kin cng ngh xc nh khi qu trnhtnh ton hit, kt qu thu c tng ng vi cc iu kin , khng thayi theo thi gian. Khi thay i cc iu kin ban u hay cc ch cng nghkhc nhau th s thu c cc kt qu khc nhau tng ng. T c th xcnh c cc yu t nh hng ln qu trnh v mc nh hng ca tng

yu t. Bng vic so snh cc kt qu s la chn v thit lp c iu kinti u cho mt qu trnh no . M phng tnh c s dng nghin cuthit k mt qu trnh cng ngh mi hoc tnh ton ci tin, pht trin m rngquy m mt qu trnh cng ngh sn c, a ra cc phng n khc nhau sosnh nh gi nhm tm ra gii php ti u.

M phng ng (Dynamic Mode) dng m phng thit b hay qu trnh trng thi ang vn hnh lin tc c cc thng s thay i theo thi gian,kho st s thay i cc p ng ca h thng theo s thay i ca mt vi

thng s cng ngh. Trng thi m phng ng cho thy s nh hng ca ccthng s cng ngh theo thi gian v c th thit lp cng nh khc phc cc sc c th xy ra khi vn hnh cng ngh trn thc t, tm ra cc nguyn nhn v

bin php gii quyt cc s c . iu ny c ngha c bit quan trngtrong o to cc k s vn hnh, hiu bit tng tn v cng ngh, thnh thov c kinh nghim trc khi tham gia vn hnh nh my thc t, trong iukin hin nay cc nh my ho cht v du kh vi k thut hin i, vn hnh ch t ng ho rt cao.

S dng UNISIM gip gim chi ph cho qu trnhcng nghdo c th tiu cc thit b trong dy chuyn m vn m bo c yu cu v cht lngsn phm. UNISIM cho php tnh ton vn tn dng nhit, ti u c vn nng lng trong qu trnh sn xut, tun hon nguyn liu nhm tng hiusut ca qu trnh. UNISIM c mt th vin m cc thit b, cc cu t v cungcp phng tin lin kt vi cc c s d liu khc , cho php m rng phmvi chng trnh v rt gn vi thc t cng ngh.

UNISIM c mt s lng ln cc cng c m phng, h tr hiu qu trongnghin cu m phng, vi giao din thn thin v d s dng, c bit vinhng ngi bt u lm quen vi chng trnh m phng.


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Trnh t thc hin m phng theo cc bc sau y:

1. Xy dng c s m phng:

Nhp cc cu t trong thnh phn nguyn liu.

La chn h nhit ng ph hp.

Khi to cc phn ng.

2. Xy dng lu trnh PFD:

Khai bo cc thng sv thnh phn ca dng nguyn liu.

Xy dng s cng ngh vi cc thit b cn thit .

Cung cp y cc thng scng nghcn thit cho thit b.

3. Chy chng trnh m phng: c kt qu.

Nghin cu, nh ginh hng ca cc thng s cng ngh.

1. Bt u viUNISIM

Khi ng UNISIMbng cch bm vo biu tng ca UNISIM, trn mnhnh my tnh s xut hin giao din nh trong hnh 1.1. Trc khi thc hin

m phng, UNISIM cn phi bin i giao din ban u ny. Ti y s thchin la chn cc cu t cn thit v h nhit ng ph hp cho m phng.

Hnh 1.1. Giao din m u xut hin khi khi ng UNISIM


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2. Qun l c s m phng

UNISIMs dng khi nimh nhit ng(Fluid Package)bao gm tt c

ccthng tin cn thit tnh ton cc tnh cht vt l v cn bng phacahn

hp nhiu cu t. Cch tip cn ny cho php xc nh tt c cc thng tin ( cctnh cht nhit ng, cc cu t, cc cu t gi nh, cc h s tng tc bc

hai, cc phn ng ho hc, cc s liu dng bng,)bn trong mt gi.

C bn u im chnh ca cch tip cn ny:

Tt c thng tin kt ni c xc nh ti mt ni cho php to ra hay

sa i cc thng tin mt cch d dng.

H nhit ng c th c lu li sau khi xc nh v c th s dng choccm phng khc khi cn n.

Danh sch cc cu t trong hn hp c lu tr ring bn ngoi h

nhit ng nn c th s dng c cho cc bi ton m phng khc khi

cn n.

C th s dng nhiu h nhit ng trong cng mt chng trnh m

phng. Tuy nhin cc h nhit ng ny cng c xc nh trong Basis

Manager.Simulation Basis Manager l giao din thuc tnh cho php thit lp v

iu khin nhiu h nhit ng hoc danh sch cc cu t trong hn hp s

dng trong m phng.

3. Bt u m phng

S dng mt trong ba cch sau bt u mt bi m phng mi: chn

File/new/case, hoc s dng phm tt Ctrl+N, hoc bm vo biu tngnewcase trn thanh cng c.

Khi giao dinSimul ation Basis Managers xut hin(hnh 1.2). Trong

giao din ny c cc tab. Thng s dng cc tabsau:

Components tabs dng khi nhp cc cu t

Fluid Pkgs tabs dng khi chn H Nhit ng (Fluid Package)

Hypotheticals s dng khi thit lp cc cu t gi nh

Oil Manager s dng khi thit lp cc cu t cho du th

Reactions tabs dng khi thit lp cc phn ng ho hc


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Hnh 1.2. Giao dinSimul at ion B asis Manager

4. Nhp cc cu t

Bc u tin khi to c s m phng l nhp cc cu t (n cht v

hp cht) s c mt trong chng trnh m phng. Trnh t tin hnh nh sau: 1. nhp cc cu t cho m phngbm vo phm Add trong giao din

Simulation Basi s Manager(hnh 1.2).

2.Sau khibm phmAdds xut hin danh sch tt c cc cu t c trong

th vin ca UNISIM (hnh 1.3).

3.Chn cc cu t cn thit cho chng trnh m phng t danh sch. C

th tm cc cu t trong danh sch bng mt trong ba cch sau y: chn

Sim Name, hoc chn Full Name, hoc chn Formula.

Menuchnh Thanh cng c

Cc tab


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Hnh 1.3. Giao dinCompo nent L ist

4.Nhp tn hoc cng thc cn tm vo Matchpha trn.V dkhi chn

Sim Namev nhp tn water vo Match, s nhn thy dng tng

ng vi waterc nh du. Nu khng tm thy, c th th s dng

tn khc hoc th tm bngcc Ful l Name

hocFormula

.

5.Khi chn c cng thc thch hp, nhp p vo cht va chn hoc

bm vo phm Add Pure nhp cht vo danh sch cc cu t

chn Selected Components.

6. pha di giao din ny c Name, c th t tn cho danh sch cc

cu t va chn.

7.Khi hon thnhcc bc trn, ng ca s ny li, s tr li giao din

Simulation Basis Manager.Sau khi nhp cc cu t cn thit vo danh sch, lu vo mt th mc

xc nh trc khi tip tc qu trnh m phng. Chn File/Saveasv chn th

mc thch hp, khnglu vo th mc mc nh xut hin.

5. La chn H nhit ng (Fluids Package)

Sau khi nhp cc cu t cho m phng, tip theo l la chn H Nhit

ng (Fluid Package)cho m phng. F lu id Packagec s dng tnh ton

dng v cctnh cht nhit ng ca cc cu t v hn hp trong qu trnhm

phng (v dnh enthalpy, entropy, t trng, cn bng lng - hi, ). V th


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vic la chn h nhit ng ph hp c ngha rt quan trng , l c s tnh

ton m phng cho kt qu ng.

1.Ti giao dinSimulation Basis Manager (hnh 1.2), chn Fluid Pkgs

tab, shin th ca s nh trn hnh 1.4.

Hnh 1.4. Giao dinFluid Package

2.Bm vo phm Add s hin th ca s nh trong hnh 1.5 chn mt

fluid pkgs ph hp. Trong bngProperty Package Selectionbao gm cc

h nhit ng c trong UNISIM. Bn cnh bng ny l cc phm chn

cc loi h nhit ng c chia thnh 6 nhm: Cc phng trnh trng

thi (EOSs), cc m hnh tnh ton khc nhau. Tu thuc vo thnh phn,

tnh cht ca hn hp v cc thng s cng ngh m la chn h nhit

ng ph hp.

3.T danh sch F lu id Packagechn h nhit ng ph hp. Danh sch cc

F lu id Package c th c rt gn bng cch c chn lc nh cc b lc

pha bn phi danh sch (v d nh EOS, activity model, ...).

4.Khi chn c h nhit ng ph hp, nhp n chut vo (khng

cn nhp p). V d trong hnh 1.5, lachn phng trnh trng thiPeng-Robinson.


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5.C th t tn cho fluid package vo ca s nh Name pha di giao

din. V d trong hnh 1.5 tn cafluid package l Basis-1.

6.Sau khi kt thc bm vo du Xmu gc trn bn phi ng giao

din ny li.

Hnh 1.5. Giao dinFluid Package

6. Cc m hnhnhit ng

Trong UNISIM c cc loi m hnh nhit ng khc nhau:

EOS: bao gm cc phng trnh trng thi p dng ch yu cho h

hydrocacbon, khng phn cc hoc phn cc yu. Trong tnh ton thit k

cng ngh ch bin du, kh v ho du phng trnh trng thi Peng-Robinson ni chung c ng dngph bin, cho php nhn c kt qu

chnh xc ng tin cy trong mt khong rng cc thng s cng ngh.

bit chi tit hn c th c thm trong ti liu hng dn s dng UNISIM

(UNISIM Simulation Basic Manual).

Activity Models: bao gm cc m hnh Chien Null, Extended NRTL,

General NRTL, Margules, Chao Seader, Grayson Streed p dng vi cc

h cht lng khng l tng.


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Chao Seader v Grayson Streed Models l cc phng php bn thc

nghim. M hnh Grayson Streed l m rng ca M hnh Chao Seader

khi c mthydrogen. Nhng s liu tnh ton cn bng t cc biu thc

ca cc phng php ny c s dng trong Aspen HYSYS. Phngphp Lee-Kesler c s dng tnh ton entanpy v entropy ca pha

lng v pha hi.

Vapour Pressure Models: bao gm cc m hnh Antoine, Braun K10,

Esso Tabular, s dng cho cc hn hp kh l tng p sut thp nh

hn hp cc hydrocacbon nh, hn hp keton v ru trong pha lng

gn l tng.

Miscellaneous Types: bao gm cc m hnh c bit, khc vi cc m

hnh nu trn, v d nh Amine Pkg c ng dng trong tnh ton m

phng cc nh my lm ngt kh bng amin, ASME Steam c ng

dng trong tnh ton hi nc.

Cc h nhit ng c trong UNISIMcho php d on c tnh cht ca

cc hn hp t h cc hydrocacbon nh ti hn hp ca cc loi du phc tp,

v h cc hp chtc hockhng in ly. UNISIMcung cp cc phng trnhtrng thi (PR hay PRSV) cho cc qu trnh x l hn hp hydrocacbon, cc

m hnh bn thc nghim v p sut hi ca cc h hydrocacbon nng, cc hiu

chnh hi nc cho cc d on chnh xc v tnh cht ca hi nc, v cc m

hnh h s hot ca cc h ha hc. Tt c cc phng trnh u c gii hn

phm vi ng dng, v vy cn xem xt phm vi ng dng ph hp ca mi

phng trnh vi cc h gn ging nhau.

La chn m hnh nhit ng ph hp rt quan trng, quyt nh n ktqu tnh ton ca ton b qu trnh. y l mt th tc u tin bt u thc

hin m phng. Tu thuc vo thnh phn v tnh cht hn hp cu t, iu

kin cng ngh (nhit , p sut,) c th p dng nhng m hnh nhit ng

khc nhau nhn c kt qu tnh ton ph hp vi thc t cng ngh.

Nm 1999, hai tc gi Elliott v Lira xut s hnh cy nh m t

trn hnh 1.6 di y (BIP Binary Interaction Parameters) la chn hnhit ng cn thit.


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Phn loi cc cu t c trong h:

kh, cht khng phn cc, ngng t,solvat ha, in ly

Kh hoc chtkhng phn cc?

Cht in ly?

Kh (NH3, CO2)?hoc P > 10 bars?

Th chn PR,SRK, API

Th chn NRTL,Pitzer, hoc Bromley

Th NRTL,UNIQUAC, FH,

Winson, Van LaarBit BIP?

Polimers?

P > 10 bars?

Th UNIFAC,nu c th, gi nh BIP

ca cc cu t thiu

Th chnSAFT, ESD

Th Henrys Law

Th ESD, SAFT,MHW2, Wong-Sandler

ng

ng

ngSai

Sai

Sai

Sai

ng

ng

ng

Sai

Sai

Hnh 1.6. S la chn m hnh nhit ng


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Bng 1.1 a ra danh sch mt vi h tiu biu v nhng phng php tnh

ton s dng h nhit ng ph hp c th p dng.

Bng 1.1. Danh sch mt sh tiu biu vH nhit ng ph hp

H tiu biuH nhit ng ph hp c

ngh s dng

Sy kh bng TEG PR

Nc chua PR, Sour PR

X l kh nhit thp PR, PRSV

Tch khng kh PR, PRSVThp chng ct du th p sut khquyn

PR, PR Options, GS

Thp chng ct chn khng PR, PR Options, GS (


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7. Vo mi trng m phng

Sau khi hon thnh cc bc chun b cn thit bt u chng trnhm phng trong giao din Simulation Basis M anager nh trong cc mc

1.3, 1.4 v 1.5 trn,bm vophm Enter Simul ation Envi ronment bn phipha di giao din hoc bm vo biu tng trn thanh cng c vomi trng m phngnh m t trn hnh 1.7.

Hnh 1.7.Enter Simulat ion Environment

a. Thao tc tr ong lu trnh m phng

Khi vo mi trng m phng , s thy giao din nh hnh 1.8 di y.Trc khi bt u qu trnh xy dng lu trnh m phng cn ch vi cim ca ca s m phng:

UNISIM khc vi phn ln cc gi m phng khc, s thc hin tnhton lu trnh (flowsheet) sau mi bc nhp hay thay i thng s calu trnh(flowsheet). c im ny c th dng khi bm vobiu tng

Solver H olding (phm n ) trn thanh cng c pha trn mnhnh. Khi UNISIMs khng tnh tonv s khng a ra kt qu. tip tcqu trnh tnh ton,phi bm vo biu tngSolver Active (phm

n xanh ),chng trnh m phng bt u hot ng tr li.Khng ging vi mt s qu trnh m phng khc , UNISIMc kh nng

tnh ton xui dng v ngc dng. V vy cn c bit ch khai bo


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cc tham s cho lu trnh (flowsheet) phi m bo rng cc thng tincung cp cho UNISIM khng mu thun vi nhau.Nu khng s b li vUNISIM s khng th tnh ton c.

Hnh 1.8. Giao din Simulat ion Environment

b. Tr li giao din c s m phngKhi phi thay ic s m phng, cn phi quayligiao dinSimulation

Basis Manager. Thao tc n gin bm vo biu tng trn thanh cngc pha trn mn hnh.

c.Nh tay ng lu trnh PFD

i khinh tay bm nhm vo biu tng Xmu gc trn bn phi giaodin. tr li lu trnh ch cnbm vo Tools trn thanh menu chnh, chn

PDFs trong danh sch th xung, chnCase,sau bm vophm View, hoc

bm vo phm PFD trn thanh cng c.

d.Bng cc cng c m phng

Trong hnh 1.9 c th nhn thybng c cha cc cng c phc v cho vicxy dng lu trnh m phng PFD, gi l Object Pal ette, nm dc pha bn

phi mn hnh. Nu v l do no khng nhn thy Object Palette, th c tha ra mn hnhbng cch bm vo Flowsheet trn thanh menu chnh, trong

danh sch th xung chn Palette,hoc c th bmphm nng F4.T cc cngctrong bng nyc th nhp dng hoc cc cng cm phngkhc cho lutrnh PFD.


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Hnh 1.9. Giao din PFD viOb ject Palette

8. Khi to dng vt cht

Cc dng vt cht trong PFD c m phng bng Materi al Str eam. Mtdng vt cht c khi to trong lu trnhbng mt trongba cch sau:

Bm vobiu tng mi tn mu xanhtrong Object Palette.

Chn Flowsheettrn menu chnh v chn Add Streamtrong danh sch. Bm vo phm nng F11.

Hnh 1.10. Khi to dng vt cht trongPFD


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Khi s dng mt trong cc phng php trn, c th khi to dng vtcht (mi tn mu xanh) vo lu trnh m phng nh m t trn hnh 1.10.UNISIM mc nh tn ca dng theo s th t tng dn (v d, dng u tin st ng c t tn l 1). Tn ca dng c th thay i bt c khi no cn.

a.Khai bo cc tham s ca dng

khai bo cc tham scho dng vt cht, nhp pchut vo dng(mitn mu xanh nht) hin ra ca s nh hnh 1.11. Trong ca s nyngisdngskhai bo cc tham s cho dng. Nul dng nguyn liuth cn cbntham s. Trong mi trng UNISIM dng nguyn liu lun c bn bc tdo. iu c ngha l phi cung cp y bn thng tin yu cu UNISIMc th thc hin tnh ton.Bn tham s cn khai bo cho dng nguyn liu l:

Lu lng dng(flowrate)Thnh phn dng(composition)v hai trong s cc tham s sau: nhit (temperature), p sut (pressure)

hayphn mol pha hi (vapor/phase fraction)

Trong hnh 1.11 c mt dng cnh bo li mu vng pha bn di ca s,cho bit thng tin cn phi thc hin. V d theo dng cnh bo trong trnghp ny, cn cung cp lu lngca dng nguyn liu(flow rate). C hai chnla khc nhau hoc l lu lng dng mol (molar flow) hoc lu lng dng

khi lng (mass flow) trong cng mt ca s. Trong trng hp ny nhp gitrmolar flowbng 100 kmol/h, nh trong hnh 1.12.

Hnh 1.11. Ca s khai bo cc tham s ca dng

Hnh 2.11. Ca s khai bo cc tham s ca dng


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Hnh 1.12. Nhp gi tr lu lng dng trong ca sCondit ions

Tip theo nhp thnh phn dng, chn Compositions hin th ca scdanh sch cc cu t nh trnhnh 1.13, ti y s khai bo thnh phn cc cut trong dng nguyn liu. Lu rng ch c cc cu t c chn vo danh

sch cu t (Components List) trong Simulation Basis Managerth mi hin thtrong danh sch ny.

Hnh 1.13. Nhp gi tr thnh phndng trong ca sComposi t ion


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C th xc nh composition theo nhiu cch khc nhau nh trong hnh1.13. Hoc c th bm vo phm Basis...hin th bng chn vi cc dng

biu din thnh phn dng khc nhau (hnh 1.14), sau nhp thnh phn cut. UNISIM mc nh lmole fractions. Tuy nhin c th thay i bng massfractions, liquid volume fractions, hoc mole flow, mass flow cho tng cu t.Nu s dngfractions, tngtt c ccfractions c nhp vo dng phi bng1.Nhpthnh phn ca dng1 nh trong hnh 1.13 ch rphn mol ca H2O

bng 1, ngha l dng 1 ch c nc.

Hnh 1.14. La chn cc dng biu din thnh phn dng

Sau khi nhp lu lng v thnh phn dng, xut hin tin nhn cnh both hai (trong bng mu vng pha di ca s) cho thy rng cnnhp nhit

cho dng. khai bo nhit cho dng bm vo Conditions ca s tronghnh 1.15. Nhp gi tr nhit ca dngti ca s ny.

Khi nhp gi tr cc tham s ca dng khng cn thit phi i sang n vmc nh. Khi nhp gi tr vo mt s xut hin hp danh sch th xung ctt c cc n v tng ng ngay bn cnh , c th la chn n v phhp, sau UNISIM s t ng chuyn i n v. V d nhp s 25 vo ngvi nhit 25oC (bng 77oF) nh trn hnh 1.16

Dng cnh bo (trn bng mu vng pha di ca s)trn hnh 1.16 ch rarng cn phi nhp gi tr p sut ca dng. Cng trong ca s ny, nhp gi trp sut cho dng 1 l 1 bar nh trong hnh 1.17.


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Hnh 1.15. Cn nhp gi tr nhit dng

.

Hnh 1.16. Nhp gi tr nhit dng trong ca s Condit ions


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Hnh 1.17. Nhp gi tr p sutdng trong ca s Condit ions

Sau khi hon thnh vic khai bo y tt c cc thng tin, UNISIM s

t ng tnh ton cc tnh cht cn li ca dng v t cc thng tin cung cp bt u xy dng lu trnh m phng (Flowsheet). Khi dng nguyn liuc cung cp y thng tin th s xut hin mt thng bo mu xanh phadi ca s bo hiu l mi th hon tt OK (nh trn hnh 1.17). Nukhng th trong ca s s xut hin mt cnh bo mu vng, thng tin cung cp

b li.

c kt qu v tr li cu hi sau:

Phn mol hi(vapor/phase fraction) ca dngbng bao nhiu?

Nhng gi tr muxanh l do ngi s dng nhp vo v v th c th thayi c, cn nhng gi tr mu en l do UNISIM tnh ton nn khng ththay i c.Nh trong hnh 1.14 cc gi tr nhit ,p sut, lu lng dngl do ngi s dng nhp vo nn c th thay i c, cn cc gi tr cn lil do UNISIM tnh ton.

Nhn vo mu sc ca cc dng vt cht cng c th bit c dng y thng tin hay cha.

Mu xanh m = Dng c cung cp y thng tin.

Mu xanh nht = Thng tin cha y .


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V th nu mi tn c mu xanh m c ngha l tt c cc tnh cht c tnh ton. Bt c khi no vic xc nh v tnh toncc tnh cht ca dngc th xem v thay i bng cch n gin l nhp p vo dng.

b.Lu vo th mc xc nhLun nh lu case vo th mc xc nh.

9. Tm tt v n tp chng 1

Trong phn u tin ca chng gii thiu cch bt u UNISIM nhth no, lm quen c vi mi trng m phng v trnh by cch nhpthnh phncc cu ttrong m phng nh th no.

Vic chn la chnh xc fluid/themodynamic package l rt quan trng v

vy trong chng ny cng a ra mt sgi gip ngi sdng chnng c h nhit ng ph hp.

Phn tip theoca chng ny chcch lm th no vo v trli mitrng m phng, lm quen vi simulation flowsheet, hn na trong phn nyngis dng c th rt ra c mt s im quan trng ca UNISIM.

Trong phn cui ca chng ny cp ncc cch nhp v khai bodng nguyn liu trong m phng. Cch khai bo cc tham s l mt bc rtquan trng trong m phng, cn hiu v thc hin ngtrong tng trng hpc th.

Khi ngi s dng mun khai bo dng nguyn liu, cn xc nh y bntham s th UNISIM c th tnh ton c cc tnh chtcn li .

10. Bi tp

1. Thit lp mt dng vt liuch c H2O vi cc iu kin sau:

Fluid Package : Peng-Robinson

Flowrate : 100 kgmole/h Pressure : 1 atm

Vapor/phase fraction : 1.0

Nhit ca dng bng bao nhiu?

2. Lm li bi ton trn, thay p sut bng nhit l: 150C

p sutca dng bng bao nhiu?

3. Vi cng bi ton 2 nhng gim nhit xung 70C

p sutca dng by gi bng bao nhiu?

4. To mt dng mi ch c H2O vi cc iu kin sau:


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Fluid Package : Peng-Robinson

Flowrate : 100 kgmole/h

Pressure : 2 atm

Vapor/phase fraction: 1.0Nhit ca dng ny bng bao nhiu?

5. Vi cng iu kin trn nhng tng p sut ti5 atm

Nhit ca dng lc ny bng bao nhiu?

6. Vi cng iu kin nh bi 4, gimp sutti0,5 atm

Nhit ca dng mi bng bao nhiu?

7. C th rt ra c kt lun g t cc bi ton trn (tbi 2.1 bi 2.6).


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2.1 Phng trnh trng thiCc biu thc ton hc

Phng trnh trng thi th hin mi tng quan gia p sut nhit vth tch c th hin qua phng trnh cn bng :

pV= nRT hoc pv =RT vin

V

Trong pl p sut tuyt i, Vl th tch, nl s mol, Rl hngs khl tng, Tl nhit tuyt i. n v ca R c la chn sao cho ph hpvi cc n v ca cc bin khc. Phng trnh ny ph hp khi p sut thp (vd 1atm). Tuy nhin nhiu qu trnh ho hc li thc hin ti mt p sut rtcao. Trong iu kin th phng trnh ny khng ph hp tnh ton.

V th c nhiu phng trnh trng thi khc c pht trin nhm mt ccc qu trnh ho hc thc hin p sut cao.S m rng u tin nhlut kh l tng l phng trnhtrng thivan der Waals:

a

b

RTp

S m rng ny l bc ngot u tin, tuy nhin phng trnh nychath p ng c trong iu kin p sut rt cao. Phng trnh trng thiRedlich-Kwong (RK) l s bin i phng trnh trng thi van der Waals vsau tip tc c bin i bi Soave c mang tn l phng trnh trngthi Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK), c s dng rng ri trong cc qu trnhm phng.Mt dngkhc ca phng trnh trng thi RK l phng trnh trngthi Peng-Robinson (PR) cng c s dng rt ph bin.

Bng 2.1 di y a ra so snh cc cng thcs dng trong UNISIMca cc phng trnhtrng thi PR v SRK.

2.2 Thc hin m phng

Bi ton: Tm th tch ca n-butan ti 500 K v 18 atm, s dng cc phngtrnh trng thi Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) v Peng-Robinson (PR).

Trnh t thc hin nh sau:

1. Khi ng UNISIM

2. M new case s dng mt trong ba cch sau:

Chn t thanh menu chnh File New Case

Hoc s dng phm tt Crtl-N Hoc bm vo biu tng Newtrn thanh cng c


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Bng 2.1. So snh phng trnh trng thi SRK v PR

Soave-Redlich-Kwong Peng - Robinson

0)(

)(

223

ABZBBAZZ

ba

bRTP

0()32()1(

)()(

32223

BBABZBBAZBZ

bbba

bRTP

Trong :

b =

N

i

iibx

1

N

i

iibx

1

bi=ii

Pc

RTc08664.0

i

iPc

RTc077796.0

a =

N

i

N

jijjiji kaaxx

1 1

5.0 )1()(

N

i

N

jijjiji kaaxx

1 1

5.0)1()(

ai = acii acii

aci =

ci

ci

P

RT 2)(42748.0

ci

ci

P

RT 2)(

457235.0

5.0i

)1(15.0

rii Tm )1(15.0

rii Tm

mi =2176.0574.148.0 ii

226992.054226.137646.0 ii

A = 2)(RT

aP 2)(RT

aP

B =RT

bP

RT

bP

3. Thit lp c s m phng

Trong giao din Simulation Basis Manager (xem trong chng 1 trnhby chi tit)in cc thng tin cho trong bng sau.

Tab Chn

Property Package Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK)

Components n-butane


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Khi hon thnh, bm vo phmEnter Simul ation Envir onment, by gi sn sng bt u m phng.

4. To lp dng vt cht

C mt s cch khc nhau to mt Stream: bm phm nngF11, hocbm vobiu tng Stream trn Object Pal ette, hoc chn F lowsheet trnmenu chnh v chn Add Str eamtrong danh sch.

Khai bo cc tham s ca dng

Nhp vo Streamvi cc gi tr sau:

Trong ny Nhp gi tr

Name 1

Temperature 500 K

Pressure 18 atm

Compositions n-butane 100%

Molar Flow 100 kgmole/h

Lu v t tn EOS SRK. Khi hon thnh dng s c giao din nh hnh 2.1.

Hnh 2.1. Hon thnh thit lp dng vt cht


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2.3 Nhp thm bin trong Workbook

c kt qu tnh ton trong Workbook: bm voTools trn thanh menuchnh, chnWorkbookhoc bmphm nng Crtl+W(hnh 2.2).

Hnh 2.2. Thao tc m Workbook xem kt qu tnh ton

Trong ca s Select Workbook(hnh 2.3) bm phm View

Hnh 2.3. Ca s Select Workboo k


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Giao dinWorkbookxut hin nh trn hnh 2.4.

Hnh 2.4. Giao dinWorkbook

Trong UNISIM th tch c khai bo l Molar Volume nhng trongWorkbook trn hnh 3.4 khng th hin Molar Volume, v vy cnphinhp thmbinvo Workbook.

nhp Molar Volume hay mt bin no khc: m Workbook, trnthanh menu chnh cagiao dinWorkbookchnWorkbook, trong danhsch chnSetup, s xut hin ca s nh trn hnh 2.5.

Hnh 2.5. Ca s Setup nhp thm bin vo Workbook


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Trong Var iables Tabbm vo phmAdd pha bn phi.

Ca s chn bin s c hin thnh hnh 2.6.

Hnh 2.6. Ca s chn bin

Trong danh sch Variablescun dc theo danh sch cho n khi tm thybin cn thm voMolar Volume, bm phm OK hon tt vic bsung bin vo Workbook. ng ca s bng biu tng Xmu gc

trn bn phi ca sSelect Variables for Main. Gi tr cabinMolar Volumes hin th trong Workbook(hnh 2.7).

Molar Volume ca n-butane bng bao nhiu?_______________

Hnh 2.7. Workbook hin th gi tr bin Molar Volume


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2.4 Sdng Case Studies

Sau khi hon thnh bi m phng, s dngCase Studies phn tchth tchmol ca n-butan khi nhit thay i.

Trn thanh menu chnh, chn Tool, trong danh sch th xung chnDatabookhoc bm phm nngCtrl+Dnhtrn hnh 2.8.

Bm phm I nsert, s hin th giao din Variable Navigatornh hnh 2.9.

Hnh 2.9.Giao dinVariable Navigator

Hnh 2.8. Cch m Databook


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Trong ct Objectchn dng 1, trong ct Variablechn Molar Volume.Sau bm vo phm OK(nh biu din trn hnh 2.10).

Hnh 2.10. Nhp bin Molar Volum e

Thc hin tng t nh trn nhpbin Temperature. Khi giao

dinDatabooks xut hin nh hnh 2.11.

Hnh 2.11. Giao din DataBook sau khi nhp Variables

Chuyn sang Case Studies tab. in cc thng tin vo giao din nh

trong hnh 2.12 di y.


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Hnh 2.12. in thng tin vo Case Stud iestab

Bm vo phm Viewv in thng tin vo bng trong giao din nh

hnh 2.13 diy.

Hnh 2.13. in thng tin vo Ind ependent Variables Setup

Bmvo phm Start phn tch kt qu. Khi qu trnh phn tch hon

thnh,bmvo phm Result xem kt qu hin th nh trn hnh 2.14.

C th rt ra c kt lun g t th trn hnh 2.14 ?___________

Lu Casevi tn l EOS SRK vo th mc xc nh.


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Hnh 2.14. Kt qu phn tch

2.5 Thay i Fluid Package

Bm phm Enter Basis Environment trn thanh cng c tr v giao

din Simul ation Basis M anagerban u.

Vo Prop Pkg tab, trong danh sch bn tri ca s, cun dc theo danhsch v chn Peng Robinson EOS.

Bm vo mi tn mu xanh trn thanh cng c tr v PFD.

Cc iu kin ca bi ton gi nguyn, lu Casevi tn mi EOS PR.

Xem kt qu tnh ton trong Workbookv Case Study.

2.6 Tm tt v n tp chng 2Trong Chng ny gii quyt vn tm th tchring ca mt n cht

bng UNISIM. Khi s dng UNISIM cc tham s c lu tr trong database(c s d liu) v vic tnh ton c lp trnh trc . V vy iu quantrng lbit cch s dng ng ccgiao din, cc biu .

Trong chng ny cng hng dns dng Workbook xem kt qu,Workbookl cch tt nht hin thcc thng tin di dng bng. Workbook

c thit k nhm mc ch v m rng ra cho vic nhp thng tin khi thchin bi ton m phng. Thm vo , Workbook hin th thng tin ca cc


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dng v cc thit b m phng trong UNISIM (streams, pipes controllers,separators,).

C th s dng Case Study phn tch tnh cht ca qu trnh. Case

Studycn cs dng kim tra, nh gikhi thay i gi tr caccbinquan trng trong chng trnh m phng tnh.Sau khi Case Studyhon thnhtnh ton, kt qu c biu din dng th.

C th so snh c kt qu tnh ton t hai h nhit ng khc nhau lPeng-Robinson (PR) v Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK).

2.7 Bi tp

1.TmMolar Volumeca kh amoniac 56 atm v 450 K s dng phng trnhtrng thi Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK).

2.Tm Molar Volume ca kh metanol ti p sut 100 atm v 300C s dngphng trnh trng thi Peng-Robinson (PR). So snh Molar Volumeca khmetanol khi s dng phng trnh trng thi Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK).

3.Cho mt hn hp kh i vo thit b chuyn ho kh bng hi nc (WGS) sn xut hydro: 630 kmol/h CO, 1130 kmol/h H2O, 189 kmol/h CO2, 63

kmol/h H2. p sut hn hp kh l 1 atm v nhit l 500K. S dngphng trnh trng thi Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) tnh th tch ring cahn hp kh.

4.Cho mt hn hpkh gm 25% amoniac v phn cn li lnitro v hydro vit l l 1:3, ti 270 atm v 550 K. S dng phng trnh trng thi Peng-Robinson (PR) tnh th tch ring ca hn hp kh.

5.Cho hn hp kh ra khi thit b phn ng tng hpmetanol c thnh phnnh sau:100 kmol/h CO; 200 kmol/h H2; 100 kmol/h metanol. Hn hp kh p sut100 atm v nhit 300C. Tnh ton th tch ring ca hn hp sdng phng trnh trng thi Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) v so snh vikt qu tnh ton khi s dngphng trnhtrng thi Peng-Robinson (PR).


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3.1 Bm

Bm c s dng tng p sut ca dng lng vo, vn chuyn cht

lng trong ng ng dn. Ty thuc vo cc tham s c khai bo ban u,

s tnh ton nhit , hoc p sut cha bit hoc cng sut hiu dng ca bm

trong iu kin vn hnh.

3.1.1 Bi ton

Bm c dng vn chuyn dng nc. Nc vo bm c nhit

120C v p sut 3 bar c a vo bm hot ng vi cng suthiu dng

10% nh mc. Lu lngca dng nc l 100 kmol/h v p sut dng ra khi

bm l 84 bar.S dng phng trnh trng thi Peng-Robinson (PR) cho fluid package,

hy xc nh nhit ca dng nc ra khi bm.

3.1.2 Tin hnh m phng bm

1.Khi ng chng trnh UNISIM

2.M mt New Case

3.Xy dng c s m phng

Trong giao din Simulation Basis Manager (xem trong chng 2 trnh

by chi tit)

Tab Chn

Property Package Peng-Robinson (PR)

Components H2O

Khi hon thnh, bm vo phmEnter Simul ation Envir onment, by gi sn sng bt u m phng.

4. Thit lpdng vt cht

C mt s cch khc nhau to mt Stream: bm phm nngF11, hoc

bm vo biu tng Stream trn Object Palette, hoc chn F lowsheet trnmenu chnh v chn Add Str eamtrong danh sch.

Nhpdng nguyn liu(Stream)vi cc gi trcho trong bngsau:


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Trong ny Nhp gi tr

Name Feed

Temperature 120oC

Pressure 3 bar

Compositions H2O 100%


Nhptipdng th hai (Stream)vi cc tham ssau:

Trong ny Nhp gi tr

Name Outlet

Pressure 84 bar

5. Thit lpthit b

C cc cch khc nhau to lp thit b trongUNISIM:

S dng menu chnh, chn Flowsheet, trong danh sch th xung chn

Add Operation hoc bm phm F12. Giao din cc thit b m phng

UnitOpss xut hin. La chn thit b cn thit.

M Workbook, vo UnitOpspage, bm phm Add UnitOp. Giao din cc

thit b m phng UnitOpss xut hin. La chn thit b cn thit. S dng Object Pal ette: t Flowsheet menu, chn Open, hoc bm phm

F4. Nhp p vo biu tng thit b cn s dng.

S dng phm phi chut bm vo biu tng thit b cn s dng t

Object Palettev a vo PFD.

S dng mt trong cc cch trn thit lp bm trong PFD. Khi giao

dinPFD s xut hin nh hnh 3.1.


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Hnh 3.1. Khi to cc dng v bm trong PFD

6. Ni bm vi cc dng

Nhp pvobiu tng bmPump P-100

mgiao dinthuctnh cabm (Pump Window Property)nh hnh 3.2.

Hnh 3.2. Ca s thuc tnh ca bm

Cc page

Cc tab


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Trong Designtab, vo Connectionpage, trong Inletchn Feedt danh

sch v trong Outletchn Outlett danh sch nh hnh 3.3.

Hnh 3.3. Ni bm vi cc dng

Nh trn hnh 3.3, pha bn di ca s xut hin thng bo li (trong

bng mu )chobitrng cnnhp nng lng cho bm. nhp nng lngchobm, vo Energyv thm chWorknhtrong giao dinhnh 3.4.

Hnh 3.4. Khi to dng nng lng cho bm


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Khi y thng tin s c thng bo OKmu xanh cho bitvickt nibm vi cc dng vt cht v dng nng lng hon thnh (hnh 3.4).

7. Khai bo tham s cng sut ca bm

Cng sut hiu dng mc nh ca bm l 75% nh mc, theo u bi

cng suthiu dngca bm ch c 10%nh mc, cnphi thay i gi tr

ny.

Trong giao dinthuc tnh ca bm,trn Design tabvo Parameterspage,trong Adiabatic E ff i ciencynhp gi tr 10% (nh trong hnh 3.5).

Khi thng tin y v bm c th c tnh ton. Vo Worksheet

xem kt qu (hnh 3.6).

Nhit ca dng ra l bao nhiu?___________________________

Hnh 3.5. Thay i cng sut ca bm

Bm yu cu cung cp 4 tham s ca dng vo, cn dng ra ch yu cukhai bo gi tr p sut


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8. Lu vo th mc xc nh

Vo F i l e

Vo Save as

t tnfilel Pump v bm phmOK

Qua bi ton ny nhn thyrng khi bm cht lng c th lm tng nhitdng. Trong trng hp ny, khi cng suthiu dngca bm ch c 10% lm nhit dng nc tng ln 18oC.

Cng sut hiu dngbm cng thp, nhit dng nc sau bm cngtng cao, v khi nng lng ca bm s dng phi ln hn a cht lngra ngoi khi m p sutca dng ra yu cu khng i. Nh th phn ln nnglng chuyn sangnhit nnglm tng nhit dng cht lngsau bm.

3.2 My nnMy nn c s dng tng p sut cho mt dng kh, ty thuc vo

thng tin ccung cp, Compressors tnh ton cc tnh cht ca dng (nhit hoc p sut) hay cng suthiu dngca my nn.

3.2.1 Bi ton

My nn dng vn chuyn kh v lm tng p sut ca dng kh. C mt

hn kh t nhin (gm C1, C2, C3, n-C4, i-C4, i-C5, n-C5, n-C6, C7+

) p sut1 bar v nhit 100C c a vo my nn lm vic vi cng sut hiu

Hnh 3.6. Worksheettab ca bm


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dng30%. Lu lng dng kh l 100 kmol/h. p sut ra khi my nn l 5bar. S dng phng trnhPR. Xc nh nhit ca dng kh ra khi my nn.

3.2.2 Tin hnh m phng my nn

1. Khi ng chng trnh UNISIM.

2. M New Case.

3. Xy dng c s m phng.

Trong giao din Simulation Basis Manager (xem trong chng 2 trnhby chi tit), nhp cc thng tin nh trong bng sau:

Trong trang Chn


Components C1, C2, C3, n-C4, i-C4, i-C5, n-C5, n-C6, C7+

Cu t C7+khng tn ti trong danh sch cc cu t v th phi to mt cu

t mi v s dng Hypothetical.

4. To cu t mi

Bm vo menuHypothetical, sau bm phmAdd Componentthm cu t mi vo danh sch (hnh 3.6).

Bm vo phm Qui ck Create Hypo Component to mt cu tgi mi. Cu t gi c th s dng m hnh cc cu t khng ctrong danh sch, mt hn hp bit hoc cha bit, hoc mt cht

Hnh 3.6. Giao din chn cc cu t


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rn. Trong trng hp ny c th s dng cu t gi xc nhhn hp kh bao gm cc cu t nng hn hexan .

Trong giao din va xut hin (hnh 3.7), bm vo I Dtab v t tn

cho cu t va to ra l C7+.

Khi khng bit cu trc ca cu t gi nh v ang xy dng mhnh hn hp, s khng sdng phm Structure Builder.

Chuyn sangCritical tab (hnh 3.8). Ch cn cung cp thng tincho cu tC7+trong Normal Boiling Ptl 110C (230oF).

Bm vo phm Estimate Unknown Props c tnh tt c cctnh cht cn li v cu t gi nh hon ton c xc nh.

Khi cu t gi c xc nh, ng ca s giao din to C 7+quay tr v giao dinFluid Package.

Ti thiu cn cung cp xc nh cu t gi nh l Normal Boili ng Pthoc Molecular Weightv I deal L iq Density

Hnh 3.7. Giao din to C7+ Hnh 3.8. Giao din to C7+


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Nhp thm cu t gi vo danh sch Select Componentbng cchchn C7+ trong danh sch Avai lable Hypo Component, sau bmvo phm Add Hypo(hnh 3.9).

Hnh 3.9. Giao din nhp thm cu t gi nh C7+

Micu t gi nh l mt phn ca Hypo Groups. Cu t mi tothnh c mc nh a vo HypoGroup1. C th nhp thm ccGroupsmi vdi chuyncc cu t gia cc nhm. iu ny c thchin trong Hypotheticalstabca Simulation Basis Manager.

Nhp thm cc cu t C7v C8vo danh sch so snh tnh cht vicu t gi nh. Sau khi so snh phi xa C7& C8 bt u m phng.

Khi hon thnh, bm vo phmEnter Simul ation Envir onment,by gi sn sng bt u m phng.

5. Khi to dng (I nstal l ing a Stream)

C mt vi cch khi to dng:

Bm phm F11. Hin th giao din thuc tnh ca dng .

Hoc nhp p vo biu tng Streamtrong Object Palette

Khi to dng vt liu vi cc thng tin cho trong bng sau:

So snh cc tnh cht ca C7+vi C7v C8

C7+ C7 C8

Normal Boiling Point

Ideal Liquid Density

Molecular Weight


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Trong ny Nhp thng tin

Name Natural Gas

Temperature 100

o

CPressure 1 bar


Component Mole Fraction

C1 0.330

C2 0.143

C3 0.101

i-C4 0.098

n-C4 0.080

i-C5 0.069

n-C5 0.059

n-C6 0.078

C7+ 0.042

6. Thit lpmy nn

C mt vi cch khi to thit b m phng (xem chi titchng 4):Bmphm nng F12. Chn thit b cn s dng trongnhm thit b Avail able Un i t operations group. Hoc nhp pvo biu tng thit b trongObject Palette.

Trong Connectionpageca Design tab trn giao din thuc tnhca my nn (Compressor) nhp cc thng tin cho trong bng sau:

Trong ny Nhp thng tin

Name Compressor

Feed Natural Gas

Outlet Comp OutEnergy Work


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Giao din nhn c nh trong hnh 3.10.

Hnh 3.10. Giao din CompressorDesigntabConnect ionspage

Chuyn sang Parameterspage. i Adiabatic Ef f iciencyl 30%

Hnh 3.11. Giao din CompressorDesigntabParameterspage

Cc tab

Cc page


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Chuyn sang Worksheet tab. Trn Conditionspage, in thng tinnh trong hnh 3.12. Nhp gi tr Pressure ca dng Comp Outbng 5 bar.

Hnh 3.12. Giao din CompressorWorksheettabCondit ionspage

Nhit dng kh ra khi Compressor l bao nhiu? _________

7. Lu vo th mc xcnh

Vo Fi le

Vo Save as

t tnfilel Compressor v bm phm OK

Qua v d ny nhn thyrngCompressorc th lm tng nhit ca dng kh. Trong trng hp ny Compressor ch hot ng 30%cng sutnh mc, lm tng nhit dng kh ln 165,3oC.

Cng sut hiu dng ca Compressor cng nh, khi phn lnnng lng s chuyn sang nhit nng lm nhit ca dng kh nntng ln cng ln.

3.3 Tuc bin gin nkh (Expander)

Expanderc s dng lm gim p sut ca dng khvo c p sut cao

v to dng kh sn phmra c p sut thp v tc cao. Qu trnh gin n lqu trnh chuyn i ni nng ca khthnh ng nng v sinh cng. Expanders tnh ton hoc ltnh cht ca dng hoc l cng sut gin n. Gii quyt bi


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ton tm nhit u ra ca expander khi bit cng sut. Thc hnh viexpandertrong UNISIM m phng qu trnh gin kh. Xc nh nhit ura khi bit cng sut v ngc li.

Ty vo thng tin ccung cp, c mt vi phng php tnh ton. Nichung, tnh ton s ph thuc ca lu lng dng, s thay i p sut, nnglng, v cng sut. Expander tnh ton rt linh ng ty theo cc thng tinc khai bo ban u. Cnphi m bo khng c qu nhiu thng tin hocthng tin mu thun.

My nn nhn cng cn Tuc bin gin n kh sinh cng, v vy trong thct thng c kt ni thnh mt cm tn dng nng lng.

3.3.1 Bi tonHn hp khgmmetan, etan, v propan nhit 25C , p sut 20 bar,

c a vo expander vi cng sut hiu dng 30% nh mc. Lu lngdng kh l 100 kgmol/h, p sut rakhiexpander l 5 bar. S dng phngtrnhPeng-Robinson. Xc nh nhit u ra ca hn hp kh.

3.3.2 Tin hnh m phng tuc bin gin nkh

1.Xc nh fluid packagetheo cc thng tin cho trongbng.

Trong trang Chn


Components C1, C2, C3

Bm vo phmEnter Simu lation Environment

2. Thit lpdng vt liu

Trong Nhp thng tin Name Natural Gas

Temperature 25oC

Pressure 20 bar



C1 0.500C2 0.300

C3 0.200


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3. Thit lpExpander

Nhp pvo ExpandertrongObject Palette

Trong Connectionspagenhp cc thng tin chotrong bng di

Trong Nhp thng tin

Name Expander

Feed Natural Gas

Outlet Out

Energy Work

Giao din thuc tnh ca Expander, trong DesigntabConnectionspagenh trong hnh 3.13.

Hnh 3.13. ExpanderDesigntabConnect ionspage

Chuyn sang Parameterspage, thay i Adiabatic E ff iciencyl 30% (nh

trong hnh 3.14).


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Hnh 3.14. ExpanderDesigntabParameterspage

Chuyn sangWorksheet tab, trong Conditions pagenhp gi tr p sutcho dng ra l 5 bar. Khi hon thnh khai bo cc thng tin ban u, giao dinWorksheet nh trong hnh 3.15.

Hnh 3.15. Giao din Worksheet

Nhit dng ra khi expander l bao nhiu?__________________

4. Lu vo th mc xc nh (Save)

Vo F i l e Vo Save as

t tnfilel Expander v bm phm OK


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Khi thc hin gin n kh bng Expander c th lm gim nhit cadng kh. Trong trng hp ny, cng sut hiu dng ca Expander l 30%nh mc th nhit dng kh t nhingim 31oC. Nu cng suthiu dngcaExpandercng nh th nhit dng kh c gin n sgim cng t.

3.4 Thit btrao i nhit

Thit b trao i nhit dng ng v v trong UNISIM c s dng mphng qu trnhtrao i nhit.Heat Exchangerthc hin tnh ton cn bng vtcht v cn bng nng lng. Heat Exchanger l mt thit b rt linh hot, cth tnh ton vi nhit , p sut, dng nhit (bao gm c tn tht v mt mtnhit), lu lng cc dng vt cht hoc h s trao i nhit UA . Gii quytbiton n gin nht l tm lu lng dng lnh qua thit b trao i nhit iu

kin cho.

Trong UNISIM, c th lachn Heat Exchanger Model(m hnh trao inhit) phn tch. Cc m hnh bao gm: m hnh End Point Model, m hnhtrao i nhit ngc chiu l tng Ft = 1 , Weighted Design Model, phng

php Steady State Rating, v phng php Dynamic Ratingc s dng trongm phng ng. Phng php Dynamic Ratingcng c coi nh phng phpc bn v c th c s dng trong m phng tnh nh gi qu trnh traoi nhit.

3.4.1 Bi ton

Nc nng 250oC v p sut l1000 psi c s dng gia nhit dngnc lnh trong thit b trao i nhit Heat Exchanger. Dng nc lnh vovo c nhit 25oC v p sut l 130 psi. Nhit dng lnh v dng nng rakhi thit b ln lt l 150oC v 190oC. Nu lu lng dng nng l 100 kg/h,tnh lu lng dng lnh i qua thit b trao i nhit.

3.4.2 Tin hnh m phng qu trnh trao i nhit S dng thit b trao i nhit dng ng v v (shell and tubeHeat

Exchanger) m phng qu trnh.

Khai bo cc tham s dng vo, dng ra c nu trong bi ton.

Tnh lu lng khi lng dng lnh.

Xc nh cu t v phng trnh trng thi s dng trng fluid package

Thit lp dng v thit bHeat Exchanger

1. Xc nh c s m phngNhp cc cu t v phng trnh trng thi nh cho trong bng sau:


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Giao din La chn

Components page H2O

Property Package page Peng-Robinson

Bm phm Enter Simu lation Envir onment.

2. Thit lp dng vt cht

Thit lp hai dng vt cht vi cc thng s sau:

Trong Nhp thng tin

Name Tube in Shell in

Temperature 250oC 25oC

Pressure 1000 psi 130 psi

Mass Flow 100 kg/h

Compositions H2O 100% H2O 100%

3. Thit lp Heat Exchanger

Heat Exchanger thc hin tnh ton cn bng vt cht v cn bng nnglng, v th c th tnh ton vi nhit , p sut, dng nhit (bao gm c tntht v mt mt nhit), lu lng cc dng vt cht v h s trao i nhit UA.

Bm vo biu tng Heat Exchangertrong Object Palette

Trong Connectionspage, nhp cc thng tin nh trong hnh 3.16

Hnh 3.16. Heat Exch anger DesigntabConnect ionspage


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Tng t vi Parameters page (in cc thng s nh hnh 3.17). gim p Del ta Pca Tube and Shell sides(ng v v thit b) l 0 psi.

Hnh 3.17. Heat Exch anger- Designtab- Parameterspage

Vo Worksheet tab, trong Conditionspage, nhp cc thng tin nh hnh3.18. Nhit ca Tube outv Shel l outln lt l 190oCv 150oC.

Hnh 3.18. HeatExchanger- Worksheettab-Condi t ionspage


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Lu lng khi lng ca dnglnh l bao nhiu? ________

4. Lu Case

Vo F i le menu.

Chn Save As. t tnfilel Heat Exchangersau bm phm OK.

Ti iu kin cho v lu lng dng nng l 100 kg/h, lu lng dnglnh qua thit b trao i nhit l 55.21 kg/h.

3.5 Thp tch pha

Trong m phng tnh, Flash Separatorphn chia hn hp hai pha trongthp thnh pha lng v pha hi. Hai pha lng v hi c phn tch trong thpsau khi t trng thi cn bng

Flash Separator thc hin tnh ton xc nh cc tham s sn phm vthnh phn pha. p sut ca qu trnh tch l p sut thp nht ca nguyn liutr i gim p qua thp tch. Entanpybao gm entanpy ca dng nguynliu v dng nng lng (gi tr mang du cng nu c un nng, mang dutr nu c lm lnh).

Separatorc kh nng tnh ton kt qu ngcli. Ngoi vic p dng tnh

ton theo tiu chun (dng nguyn liu vo thp khai bo thng tin y ,c tch ti p sut v entanpy ca thp tch), Separatorcn c th s dngthnh phn bit ca mt dng sn phm tnh ton thnh phn ca dngsn phm cn li v da trn cn bng vt cht ca dng nguyn liu vo.

3.5.1 Bi ton

Dng vt cht bao gm 15% etan, 20% propan, 60% i-butan, 5% n-butan 50oF v p sut kh quyn, lu lng 100 lbmol/h. Nn dng n 50 psi sau

lm lnh n 32o

F. Sn phm l dng hi v dng lng c tch ra. Tnh lulng v thnh phn ca hai dng sn phm ny.

3.5.2 Thc hin m phng qu trnh tch pha

1. Xy dng c s m phng

Nhp cc cu t v phng trnh trng thi:

Trong giao din La chn


Components page Ethane, propane, i-butane, n-butane


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Bm phm Enter Simu lation Environmentkhi sn sng thc hin m

phng

2. Thit lp dng vt cht

Thit lp dng vt cht vi cc gi tr sau:

Trong Nhp thng tin

Name Gas

Temperature 50oF

Pressure 1 atm

Molar Flow 100 lbmole/h

Compositions Ethane-15%

Propane-20%

i-butane-60%

n-butane-5%

3. Thit lp Compressor

Bm vo biu tng Compressortrong Object Palette.

Trong Connectionspage, nhp cc thng tin nh trong hnh 3.19.

Hnh 3.19. Compressor Des ign tab - Connect ions page


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Trong Worksheet tab, Conditions page, nhp cc thng tin nh hnh

3.20. p sut ca dng Comp Gasl 50 psi(344.7 kPa).

Hnh 3.20. Compressor -Wo rksheet tab - Condi t ions page

4. Thit lp Cooler

Bm vo biu tng Coolertrong Object Palette.

Trong Connectionspage, nhp cc thng tin nh trong hnh 3.21.

Hnh 3.21. Cooler -DesigntabConnect ionspage


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Chuyn sang Parameters page. gim p l 0 psinh trong hnh 3.22.

Hnh 3.22.Cooler -DesigntabParameterspage

Chuyn sang Worksheet tab, Conditions page, nhp thng s nh hnh

3.23. Nhit dng Cool Gasl 32oF(0oC).

Hnh 3.23.Cooler -WorksheettabCondi t ionspage

5. Thit lp Flash Separator

Bm vo biu tng Separatortrong Object Palette.


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Trong Connectionspage, nhp cc thng s nh trong hnh 3.24.

Hnh 3.24. SeparatorDesigntabConnect ionspage

Chuyn sang Worksheet tab xem kt qu (hnh 3.25 v 3.26):

Hnh 3.25. SeparatorWorksheettabCondi t ionspage


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Hnh 3.26. SeparatorWorksheettabCompos i t i onpage

in kt qu nhn c vo bng sau:

6. Lu Case

Vo F i le menu.

Chn Save As

t tn file l Flashsau bm OK

Khi hon thnh m phng qu trnh tch hai pha nhn c s PFD nhtrong hnh 3.27.

Stream: Top Bottom

Flowrate: ________________ _______________

Composition: Ethane: ___________ _______________

Propane: ___________ _______________

i-Butane: ___________ _______________

n-Butane: ___________ ______________


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Hnh 3.27. Lu trnhPFD vi thp tch pha

3.6 Cyclon

Thit b Cyclonc s dng ph bin trong cc nh my ho cht, c th

thng c s dng trong qu trnh lm sch s b dng kh khi bi, tp chtrn do c cu to n gin, hiu sut n nh v c th iu chnh thng quavn tc ca dng kh nguyn liu v kch thc ca Cyclon.

Thit b Cyclonec s dng tch ring nhng cht rn t dng kh vc khuyn co ch s dng tch nhng ht c kch thc ln hn 5.

Cyclonebao gm mt hnh tr thng ng c y hnh cn, mt u votip tuyn vi thn hnh tr gn u thit b, v mt u ra cho cc cht rn di cng ca y hnh cn. Di tc dng ca lc ly tm xut hin trong dngkh chuyn ng xoy lm cc ht rn b vng v pha thnh thng Cyclone.Cc ht rn va p vo thnh thit b, ri xung y hnh cn, v do b tchra khi dng kh. Cc cht rn cn tch ra phi c xc nh trc v cthit lp nh l cc thnh phn trong dng kh.

ci t Cyclonehot ng, bm phm F12v chn Cyclonet Unit Opshoc chn biu tng Cyclone trong Object Palette (trc tin cn phi bmvo biu tng Solids Ops).

b qua Cyclone trong qu trnh tnh ton, chn Ignored, UNISIM shon ton b qua nhng thao tc lin quan n Cyclonecho n khi khi phcli bng cch b la chn Ignored.


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3.6.1 Bi ton

Hn hp khsn phm ca qu trnhchy c a quathit b Cyclon

lm sch khi bi c hc v bi than cha chy ht. y l cng on in hnh

sau qu trnh kh ho than, hay qu trnh lm sch khi thi t cc nh mynhit in s dng nguyn liu than, kh. Hiu sut lm sch kh bng Cyclon

khng ch ph thuc vo cu to ca Cyclon, m cn ph thuc vo kch thc

ca ht bi, trong thc t, gi tr ny c th t t 70 - 80% hoc ln hn ty

thuc vo kch thc ht bi. Trong bi ton ny, Cyclon s c m phng

cho qu trnh phn tch gn nh trit bi ra khi dng kh vi gi thit kch

thc ht bi ln. Hn hp dng nguyn liu i vo Cyclon gm c CO,

CO2, SO2, NO2, N2, O2, H2O (hi), Carbon (m phng cho bi c hc v bithan cha chy ht).

Dng nguyn liu c a vo Cyclon iu kin 120oC, 1 atm.

3.6.2 Thc hin m phng


Bc u tin cn phi thc hin trc khi bt u mt qu trnh m phng

l la chn phng trnh trng thi thch hp v nhp cc cu t cn thit.Nhp cc thng tin sau:

Trong page La chn

Property Package Peng- Robinson

Components CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, N2, O2, H2O, C

2. Khi to dng nguyn liu

Cc thng s ca dng Feedc khai bo nh trong bng sau:

Trong Nhp thng tin

Name Feed

Temperature [C] 120

Pressure [atm] 1

Molar Flow [kgmole/hr] 100


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Composi tions, mole fracti on

CO 0.125

CO2 0.156

SO2 0.056

NO2 0.0021

N2 0.31

O2 0.056

H2O 0.1609

C 0.134

3. Khi to thit b Cyclon

T Object Palette, chn biu tng Sol id Ops, tip n chn Cyclonev a vo PFD.

Trong Connectionpageca Design tab, t tn thit b l X-100, ktni vi dng nguyn liu l Feed. Dng sn phm hi l Clean Gas,dng sn phm rn l Solid(nh trn hnh 3.28).

Hnh 3.28. DesigntabConnect ionspage Chuyn sang Parameterspageca Design tab.


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Trong nhm Configuration, c th chn High Efficiency hoc High Output.Trong bi ny chn High Efficiency v yu cu lm sch bi vi mc cao ti98.5%, ngha l 98.5% cc ht bi rn s c loi khi dng kh.

Nhp gi trParticle Efficiency bng 98.5%.Trong nhmEfficiency Methodc hai la chn:LapplehocLeith/Licht method,

phng php sau tnh ton cht ch hn v c tnh n nh hng ca kch thc htrn khc nhau. Trong bi ton ny s chn Leith/Licht method (hnh 3.29).

Hnh 3.29. DesigntabParameters page

Chuyn sang Sol ids page, chn Soli d Namel Carbon (hnh 3.30).

Hnh 3.30. DesigntabSol ids page


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4. c kt qu tnh ton

Chuyn sang Worksheet tab, c th la chn page tng ng c kt qutnh ton ca thit bCyclone. in kt qu vo bng sau.

in cc gi tr sau:

Molar flow (Solid): ________________________________

Mole fraction ca ht rn cn li trong kh sch (C- Clean Gas): _______________

5. Lu case vo th mc xc nh

Vo F il e menu.

Chn Save As. t tnfilel Cyclonesau bm phm OK.

Hon thnh m phng nhn c lu trnh PFDnh trong hnh 3.31.

Hnh 3.31. Lu trnh viCyc lone

3.7 Ejector

Ejectorl mt cng c mi ca UNISIM v bt u c a vo t phinbn UNISIM Design R410. Xut pht t nhu cu tnh ton thc t, cng cEjector gip m phng qu trnh st vi thc t hn. Ejector lthit b cho

phptrn hai dng kh c p sut v lu lng khc nhau, v d khi thc hinm phng qu trnh cng ngh ha lng kh t nhin trong nh my sn xutLNG (Liquefied Natural Gas)

Trn thc t, thit b Ejectorc s dng ph bin trong cc nh my kh,cc dng kh i vo Ejector c p sut v lu lng rt khc nhau, v gi tr p


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sut ca dng kh i ra khiEjector sc tnh ton da trn p sut ca ccdng kh i vo.

tm c cng c Ejectortrong UNISIMc th lm theo mt trong hai

cch sau: Bm phm nng F12, chn Ejector

Trn thanh Menu chnh chn Flowsheet, sau chn Add Operation,chn tip Ejector ct bn phi Available Units Operations khi toEjector.

Hnh 3.32. Designtab - Connect ions page

Trn giao din Connections tabca Ejector (hnh 3.32), c th kt ni cc

dng vo Ejector, trong , dng ti v tr Sucti on Streamc vai tr l dng ht,do vy dng ny phi c p sut ln hn, dng Motive Stream l dng c p sutnh hn. Ti giao din ny, cng c th la chn ch lm vic cho Ejector:

Steam: cho php trn hai dng hi nc c p sut chnh lch nhau.

Gas-Gas: cho php trn hai dng kh c p sut chnh lch nhau.

Cc tabcn li ca Ejectors c gi nguyn theo mc nh. p sut ca

dng kh i ra khi Ejector s c UNISIM tnh ton da vo p sut ca hai

dng kh nguyn liu.


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3.7.1 Bi ton

Trong nh my sn xut kh t nhin ha lng, LNGc to ra bng cchha lng kh t nhin ( qua cng on ch bin s b: tch nc, lm ngt

t n gii hn yu cu) nhit thp. Trong cng ngh ha lng kh,Ejectorc s dng trn dng kh p sut cao vi dng kh p sut thpc tun hon tr li t cc thp tch pha (V-1 v V-2), dng kh i ra ys c a vo my gin n ngng t kh v a vo thp tc h pha. Dngnguyn liu a vo qu trnh iu kin nhit 310 K v p sut 6,765 MPa.

Hnh 3.33. S nguyn l cng ngh sn xut LNG



Bc u tin cn phi thc hin trc khi bt u mt qu trnh m phngl la chn phng trnh trng thi thch hp v nhp cc cu t cn thit. Nhpcc thng tin sau:

Trong page La chn

Property Package Peng- Robinson

Components C1, C2, C3, iC4, nC4, iC5, nC5, nC6

2. Khi to dng nguyn liu

My nn dngtun hon

E-1

E-2

V-2

LNG

V-1

A-1 v A-3: Thit b trao i nhit Shell & TubeA-2: Thit b lm lnh bng FreonE-1 v E-2: EjectorV-1 v V-2: Thp tch pha

Nguyn liu

My nn dngnguyn liu

A-1 A-3

Freon

A-2


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Cc thng s ca dng Feedc khai bo nh trong bng sau:

Conditions

Name Feed

Temperature 310 K

Pressure 6.765 MPa

Molar Flow 80 kgmole/hr


C1 0.9056 nC4 0.0060

C2 0.0508 iC5 0.0020

C3 0.0252 nC5 0.0013

iC4 0.0072 nC6 0.0019

3. Khi to ln lt cc thit b sau

Khi to my nn Comp-1

T Object Palette, chn Compressora vo PFD.

Tab[page] Trong Nhp thng tin

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name Comp-1

Inlet Feed

Outlet Comp-1 out

Energy Q- comp 1

Worksheet tab Pressure (comp-1 out) 20 MPa

Sau khi nhp xong cc thng s, my nn Comp-1s c giao din nh hnh3.34.


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Hnh 3.34. DesigntabConnect ionspage

Chuyn sang Conditionspageca Worksheet tab, nhp gi tr p sut chodng comp-1 out l 20 MPa (hnh 3.35).

Hnh 3.35. WorksheettabCondi t ions page

Khi to thit b lm mt (giao din nh trn hnh 3.36).


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Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name Cooler-1

Inlet Comp-1 out

Outlet To mixer

Energy Q-cooler- 1

[Parameterspage] Delta P 0 kPa

Worksheet tab Temperature (to mixer) 313 K


Khi to thit b trn dng MIXER (giao din nh trn hnh 3.37).

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name Mixer

Inlet To Mixer

Outlet M-1 out

Design tab[Parameterspage]

Automatic Pressure Assignment Equalize All


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Khi to thit b trao i nhit A-1Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name A-1

Tube side Inlet M-1 out

Shell Side Inlet Rec to A-1

Tube side outlet To A-2

Shell side outlet To rec-Comp

Design tab

[Parameterspage]

Delta P (Tube side, Shell side) 0 kPa

Heat Exchanger Model Weighted

Worksheet tab Temperature (To A-2) 300 K

Giao din thuc tnh ca thit b trao i nhit A-1hin th nh trn cchnh 3.38, 3.39 v 3.40.


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Hnh 3.39. DesigntabParameterspage


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Hnh 3.40. WorksheettabCondi t ionspage

Khi to thit b lm lnh A-2

Khai bo cc thng s ca A-2 nh trong bng sau:

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name A-2

Inlet To A-2

Outlet To A-3

Energy Q- A-2

Design tab

[Parameterspage]

Delta P 0 kPa

Worksheet tab Temperature (to A-3) 290 K

Giao din hin th nh trong hnh 3.41.


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Khi to thit b trao i nhit A-3

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name A-3

Tube side Inlet To A-3Shell Side Inlet Rec to A-3

Tube side outlet To TEE

Shell side outlet Rec to A-1

Design tab

[Parameterspage]

Delta P (Tube side, Shell side) 0 kPa

Heat Exchanger Model Weighted

Worksheettab Temperature (To TEE) 285 K

Khi to thit b chia dng TEE

Designtab

[Connectionspage]

Name TEE

Inlet to TEE

Outlet To E-1

To E-2

Design tab

[Parameterspage]Flow Ratios 0.5


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Khai bo dng Rec to E-1vi cc thng tin cho trong bng sau:

Conditions

Name Rec to E-1

Temperature [K] 140.4

Pressure [MPa] 0.6

Molar Flow [kgmole/hr] 2


C1 0.9993

C2 0.0007

Khi to thit b Ejector E-1 (giao din nh trn hnh 3.42).

Designtab

[Connectionspage]

Name E-1

Suction Stream to E-1

Motive Stream rec to E-1

Operation Mode Gas-Gas

Discharge stream to Ex-1

Hnh 3.42.Designtab - Connect ionspage


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Khi to my gin n kh Ex-1 (giao din nh trn hnh 3.43).

Designtab

[Connectionspage]

Name Ex-1

Inlet to Ex-1Outlet To V-1

Energy Q-Ex-1

Worksheet tab Pressure ( to A-4) 1.2 MPa

Hnh 3.43. Designtab - Connect ionpage

Khi to thp tch pha V-1 (giao din nh trn hnh 3.44).

Designtab

[Connectionspage]

Name V-1

Inlet To V-1

Vapour outlet Rec to A-3

Liquid outlet To RV-1


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Hnh 3.44. Designtab - Connect ionpage

Khi to van gim p RV-1

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name RV-1

Inlet To RV-1Outlet To V-2

Worksheet tab Pressure ( to V-2) 0.6 MPa

Khi to thp tch pha V-2

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name V-2

Inlet To V-2

Vapour Outlet To rec-1

Liquid Outlet to RV-2

Khi to cng c Recycle thc hin tun hon dng kh a vo

Ej ector : REC-1 (giao din nh trn hnh 3.45).

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name REC-1

Inlet To rec-1

Outlet Rec to E-1


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Hnh 3.45. Connect ionstab - Connect ionspage

Khi to van gim p RV-2

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name RV-2

Inlet To RV-2

Outlet to Tank

Worksheet tab Pressure ( to Tank) 0.4 MPa

Khi to thng cha sn phm Tank

Design tab

[Connections

page]

Name Tank

Inlet to TankVapour outlet to rec-2

Liquid outlet LNG

Khi to cng c Recycle thc hin tun hon dng kh a vo

Ej ector 2: REC-2

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name REC-2

Inlet To rec-2

Outlet Rec to E-2


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Khi to thit b Ejector E-2

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name E-2

Suction Stream to E-2

Motive Stream rec to E-2

Operation Mode Gas- Gas

Discharge stream to Ex-2

Khi to thit b gin n kh Ex-2 (giao din nh trn hnh 3.46).

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name Ex-2

Inlet To Ex-2

Outlet Out from Ex-2

Energy Q- Ex-2

Worksheet tab Pressure ( out from Ex-2) 0.6 MPa


DngOut fr om Ex-2 i ra khi Ex-1 c a vo thp tch pha V-2, sau

khi hon thnh, giao din ca thp tch V-2s hin th nh trong hnh 3.47.


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Khi to my nn tng p cho dng kh tun hon Rec-comp

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name Rec-comp

Inlet To rec-comp

Outlet To cooler-2

Energy Q- rec-comp

Worksheet tab Pressure (to cooler-2) 20 MPa

Khi to thit b lm lnh Cooler-2

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name Cooler-2

Inlet To cooler-2

Outlet To rec-3

Design tab

[Parameterspage]Delta P 0 kPa

Worksheet tab Temperature (to rec-3) 313 K

Khi to cng c Recycle REC-3

Design tab

[Connectionspage]

Name REC-3

Inlet To rec-3

Outlet Rec to mixer


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Sau dng Rec to mixer c a vo MIXER. Giao din ca MIXER

s hin th nh trong hnh 3.48.


Hon thnh m phng nhn c lu trnh PFDnh trong hnh 3.49.

Hnh 3.49. S PFD m phng cng ngh ha lng kh t nhin


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Chuyn sang Worksheet tab, c th la chn page tng ng c kt

qu tnh ton ca Ejector. in kt qu vo bng sau.

in cc gi tr sau:

Molar flow of to Ex-1: ______________________________

Mole fraction of to Ex-1: ____________________________

4. Lu case vo th mc xc nh

Vo F i le menu Chn Save As

t tnfilel Ejectorsau bm phm OK

3.8 Tm tt v n tp chng 3

Tm c nhit dng ra khi bitcng sut hiu dng ca bm, my

nn, tuc bin gin n kh Kt ni cc dng vi thit b. Xc nh

nhit u ra khi bit cng sut hiu dng ca thit bv ngc li.

Bm dng vn chuyn cht lng. Trong chng ny s dngm hnh bm m phng qu trnh bm cht lng. Bit cchkhai bo cc tham s ca bm

Kt ni compressorv expander tn dng nng lng.

My nn ni chung dng vn chuyn kh. Trong chng ny

s dng Compressor m phng qu trnh nn. Bit cch khaibo cc tham s ca mt Compressor.

Trong chng ny, s dng Heat Exchanger tnh ton v tm lu

lng dng lnh i qua thit b trao i nhit iu kin cho, s

dng phng php tnh tonEnd Point Model.

Separatortrong UNISIM c s dng m phng qu trnh tch hai

pha lng v hi. thc hin tnh ton lu lng ca dng lng v

dng hi ra khi thp tch khi bit lu lng dng hai pha vo thp.


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Dng hi v dng lng trong thp tch t trng thi cn bng trc khi

c tch ra.

Thit b Cyclonc s dng ph bin trong phn tch hai pha khng

ng nht rn kh. T kt qu nhn c c th thy hiu qu phntch ca Cyclon, v vai tr ca Cyclon trong cng nghip s dng

phn tch cc ht rn. i vi cc qu trnh yu cu tch trit , hiu

sut tch cao hn khi c mt cc ht bi kch thc nh (


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Chng 4.CC THIT BPHN NG

Ni dung

Trong chng ny gii quytnhngvn lin quan n cc m hnh thit

b phn ng c bn trong cng ngh ho hc: phn ng chuyn ho, phn ng

cn bng, phn ng Gibbs, thit b phn ng khuy lin tc(CSTR), v thit b

phn ng dng y(PFR). Thng qua m phng cc qu trnh phn ng c th,

a ra cch thit lp phn ng v nhm phn ng, cch la chn m hnh phn

ng ph hp trn c sthng tin bit v qu trnh phn ng .Mc tiu

Sau khi hc xong c th:

M phng qu trnhphn ng trong UNISIM

Thit lp cc phn ng

Thit lpnhm phn ng (Reaction Set)

GnReaction Set ci t vi h nhit ng Fluid PackageLa chn m hnh phn ng ph hp

In cc thng tin ca dng v d liu Workbook

Yu cu

Trc khi hc chng ny ngi s dng cn phi bit:

iu chnhPFD

Thm cc dng trong PFDhoc WorkbookKhi to v ni cc dng v thit b trong PFD

S dngCase Study


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4.1 Thit bphn ng chuyn ho

Loi phn ng chuyn ho khng yu cu cc thng tin v nhit ng hc.

Vic phi lm l nhp h s t lng phn ng v chuyn ho ca cht phn

ng c bn. chuyn ho lun lun di 100%. Phn ng tin hnh cho nkhi t gii hn hoc ht cht phn ng.

Vic nhm cc phn ng khc loi vi nhau l khng th thc hin, tuy

nhin, c th nhm cc phn ng Conversionli thnh mt nhm v phn loi

cc phn ng (phn ng ni tip hay song song). Phn ng c bc thp nht s

xy ra u tin (c th bt u hoc l 0 hoc 1). Cng nh cc phn ng n

l, tng chuyn ho cu t c bn trong nhm cc phn ng khng c qu

100%.

Cc phn ng Conversionkhng c s dng trong cc thit b phn ng

y l tng (PFR) hoc khuy l tng (CSTR). Ni chung, cc phn ng

Conversion ch c thc hin trong thit b phn ng Conversion Reactor.

Ngoi ra cng c th s dng thp tch hai pha Separator thc hin phn

ng chuyn ho.

Trong chng ny s pht trin m hnh sn xut kh hydro t metan bng

phn ng oxi ho. Phng php oxi ho khng hon ton da trn phn ng ca

metan vi khng kh sn xut oxit cacbon v kh hydro. Thc hinkhai bo

cc phn ng chuyn ho (Conversion) v thit lp nhm cc phn ng vo

thit b phn ng trong UNISIM

4.1.1 Bi ton

Cng ngh sn xut kh hydro t hydrocacbon c nhng bc pht trin

ng k trong thp k qua. Hiu qu ca cng ngh sn xut hydro c lin quantrc tip n cc thit b chuyn ho nng lng nh pin nhin liu (fuel cell).

S chuyn ho nhin liu thnh hydro c thc hin bng qu trnh oxi ho

khng hon ton. Phng php ny da vo phn ng ca nhin liu v d nh

metan vi khng kh to ra oxit cacbon v hydro.

CH4+ 1/2 O2 CO + 2H2

CH4 + O2 CO2 + 2H2

Pht trin m hnh i din cho qu trnh oxi ho khng hon ton metan

sn xut hydro.


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Bc u tin m phng qu trnh sn xut hydro l chn phng trnh

trng thi thch hp. Nhp cc thng tin nh sau:

Trong La chn


Components page CH4, O2, N2, CO, CO2, H2

1. Thit lp cc phn ng

Cc phn ng trong UNISIM c khi to theo cch tng t nh thm

cc cu t khi bt u xy dng c s m phng.

Bm vo Reaction tabtrong Simul ation Basis Manager. Lu rng tt c

cc cu t chnc hin th trong danh sch Rxn Components.

Hnh 4.1. Giao din React iontab

Bm phm Add Rxn, s hin th ca s nh c cha danh sch cc phn

ng, chn phn ng Conversiont danh sch.

Nhp cc thng tinnh trong giao din hnh4.2 sau y:


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Hnh 4.2. Giao din Conv ers ion React ion Rxn-1Sto ich iomet rytab

Chuyn sang Basis tabv nhp cc thng tin nhtrong giao din hnh

4.3 sau y:

Hnh 4.3. Giao din Conv ers ion React ion Rxn-1Bas istab

Vi phn ng th 2, tng t nhp cc thng tin sau:


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Hnh 4.4. Giao din Conv ers ion React ionRxn-2 Sto ich iomet rytab

Tng t Basis tab, nhp cc thng tin sau:

Hnh 4.5. Giao din Conv ers ion React ionRxn-2 Bas istab


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2. Thit lp nhm cc phn ng

Khi hai phn ng ny c khai bo y cc thng tin, cn phi thit

lpReaction Setcho thit b phn ng chuyn ho Conversion Reactor.

Vn ang Reactiontab(nh hnh 4.1), bm phm Add Set. t tn cm

phn ng l Oxidation Rxn Set, v nhp hai phn ng Rxn-1, Rxn-2vo. Cc

phn ng c nhp bng cch chn cc phn ng cn thit t danh sch th

xung trong Acti ve L ist. Giao din s hin th nh trong hnh 4.6 di y khi

hon thnh.

Hnh 4.6. Giao din to Oxidat ion Rxn Set

3. Thit lp cc phn ng ni tip

Cc phn ng chuyn ho c th c nhm li v phn loi phn ng (nitip hoc song song). Phn ng no c xp hng thp nht s xy ra u tin

(c th bt u hoc l 0 hoc 1).

thit lp cho cc phn ng xy ra ni tip, trong Oxi dation Rxn Set

(hnh 4.6), bm vo phm Rankingv nhp cc thng tin cho phn ng Rxn-

1 c Rank l 0, phn ng Rxn-2 c Rank l 1, nh trong hnh 4.7 di y.

iu c ngha l cc phn ng Rxn-1 v Rxn-2 l cc phn ng ni tip,

phn ng Rxn-1 s xy ra trc, phn ng Rxn-2 xy ra sau.


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Hnh 4.7. Thit lp cho cc phn ng ni tip

4. Lin kt nhm phn ng vo Fluid Package

Sau khi thit lp nhm phn ng (Reaction Set), cn phi nhp vo h nhit

ng la chn trong UNISIM s dng.

Chn Reaction Setv bm phm Add to FP.

Chn F lu id Packagev bm phm Add Set to F lu id Package.

Nu cn, c th saveF lu id Packagekm theo cc phn ng gn vo.Nh vy c th m li FP ny bt k bi ton m phng no khc

trong UNISIM khi FPny ph hp.

Khi cc phn ng ci t c gn vo F lu id Package, c th vo mi

trng m phng v bt u xy dng PFD.

5. Thit lp cc dng vt cht

Thit lp dng vt cht th nht vi cc thng tin cho trong bng sau.

Trong ... Nhp thng tin

Name Methane

Temperature 25oC

Pressure 2 bar



C1 1.000


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Tng t vi dng th hai

Trong Nhp thng tin

Name Air

Temperature 25oC

Pressure 2 bar



N2 0.79

O2 0.21

6. Thit lp thit b phn ng chuyn ho

T Object Palette, bm vo biu tng General Reactor, chnConversion Reactor v a vo PFD.

t tn thit b l Oxi dati on Reactorv ni vi hai dng nguyn liu

thit lp trn l Methane v Ai r. t tn dng sn phm hi l

Ox_Vap, mc d trong trng hp ny khng c sn phm lng nhngvn phi t tn l Ox_Liq (hnh 4.8).

Hnh 4.8. Oxid at ion ReactorDesigntabConnect ionspage


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Trong Details page ca Reaction tab, chn nhm phn ng Oxidation

Rxn Set ci t, cc phn ng s t ng c kt ni vi thit b

phn ng(hnh 4.9).

Hnh 4.9.Oxidat ion ReactorReact ionstabDetai lspage

Chuyn sang Composition page ca Worksheet tab, phn tch thnh

phn ca dng sn phm Ox_Vap, in kt qu vo bng di y.

Lu lng mol ca cc cu t bng bao nhiu?

Methane: _____________ Nitrogen: ________________

Oxygen: ______________ CO: _____________________CO2: _________________ Hydrogen: ________________

[TL-MP] Mo Phong CNHH (New)

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