Title サバルタン的公共性とヒンドゥー・ナショナリズム--ス ......the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), the Hindu nationalist movement has produced various related

Title サバルタン的公共性とヒンドゥー・ナショナリズム--スラム街におけるセワー・バーラティの活動をめぐって

Author(s) 中島, 岳志

Citation アジア・アフリカ地域研究 = Asian and African AreaStudies (2003), 3: 186-223

Issue Date 2003-11

URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/80017

Right

Type Departmental Bulletin Paper

Textversion publisher

Kyoto University

3 2003 11

186

*

The Subaltern Public Sphere and the Hindu Nationalist Movement:

The Case of the Activities of Sewa Bharati in a Slum Area

of New Delhi, India

NAKAJIMA Takeshi*

The Hindu nationalist movement has been gaining momentum since the 1980s. Led by the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), the Hindu nationalist movement has produced various related organizations, such as the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP). These organizations, known generically as Sangh Pariwar, have great infl uence in contemporary India. The BJP is presently the governing party, and the prime minister, A. B. Vajpayee, was a member of the RSS.

This paper discusses the activities of Sewa Bharti, another Sangh Pariwar organization, in a slum area of New Delhi. Earlier studies have portrayed the Hindu nationalist movement phenomenon of the upper and middle classes. My research shows that this movement also quickly spread among the lower social strata. This paper shows the process by which the Hindu nationalist movement spread among the lower social strata.

1973 (1994)

* Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University

187

1980 1961

17 18

80

Chatterjee 1993

1980

RSS (Sangh Pariwar)

RSS

3

188

(sewa)

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RSS RSS Rashtriya

Swayamsevak Sangh Rashtriya (Ra.s.tr ıya) Swayamsevak

(Swayamsevak) Sangh (Sangh)

RSS

2002a; 2002b

189

BJP

Bhartiya Janata Party:

2002a1)

1)

2001: 130

3

190

2)

Tanabe 2002

Sewa Bharat ı:

3)

4)

2) 2000: 20

2000 2001 2001

3)

1997

191

K

1

1.1

1979 3 RSS

(Bala Saheb Deoras)

NPO

2002 1,517

1,600 Sewa Bharti 2002

12

4) 2002

2002: 161

3

192

2002

Sewa Bharti 2000a

Sewa Bharti 2000a; 2000b

Sewa Bharti 2002

(1) Bal Bar ı:

3

5

(2) (Coaching Centres)

6 12

(3) (Sewa Dham)

1978 SC ST OBC

2002 2 284 21

48 37

30 23 22

20 284 ST 123 SC

53 OBC 78 30

(4) (Chatrawas)

2002 2 40 10

SC

(5) (Vocational Training)

193

(6) (Type and Shorthand Training)

(7) (Cutting and Tailoring)

(8) (Adult Education/Literacy)

(9) (Street Children Project)

5 300 6 2

1 1

2 1

(10) (Matri Chaya)

0 1

2002 2 13 0

1

(11) (Medicare)

(12) (Seruing the Lepers)

(13) Sa .mskar Rath:

(14) Bhajan Ma.n .dal:

(15) (De-Addiction)

3

194

1.2

Sewa Bharti 2000a

Sewa Bharti 2000a

Sewa Bharti 2000a

Sewa Bharti 2000a

2002

(secretary)5) (R. K. Sharma)6) 2002

195

11 23

RSS

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5) 6) 1962 68 RSS

State Bank of India 1999

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196

7)

K

2

2.1 K

K

K

K

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4

2002

2002 11 952 35 8) 1

3 3 5 8

30

202 1 6.73

6,171.41 9)

7) 2001 8) 2002 10 12 9) 952 35 6.73 6171.41 1

197

UP

UP

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SC

21 2.29

1980 90

20

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3

198

15

2 1

1992 7

NR

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VHP Vishwa Hindu

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Badri Bhagat Jhandewala

Temple Society

RSS

(O. P. Sharma)

RSS

RSS

VHP

12) (Sriniwas Gairola) (O. P. Sharma) (Educate Offi cer) (R. P. Vasan)

2002 11 13) RSS

3

200

VHP

(B. K. Ambedkar)

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CL

CL 2001

(Samta Senik Dal)

1924 9

CL 14)

PR

CL

CL

14) CL 2002 11

201

2.2

1989 RSS

RC 1990

2002 11

1971

RSS

RSS 15)

RSS 1987

RSS 1990

1997 RSS

6 1

(Bharat Hindu Ra .s.tra Hai)

RSS

2 (Bharat Mata)16)

(Shivaj ı)

15) RSS

2002a 2002b 16) RSS

3

202

RSS

2002 11 5 1

9 00 12 00 3 5 20

12 00 14 00 13 15 50

14 30 17 0017) 16

15 30 18 00 5 12 2

50

2002 11 99

12 70 3 1

12

10 1

100

17) 3 4 2 1

203

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204

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T:

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15 20

3

2

205

10 1 2.8

2002 11 3

5

KT

1982 UP 1987

15

SA

1954 1979

RSS

1 (Vidhya Bharati)

3

1

SA RSS

RSS 1989

3

US

1959 UP 4

1993

10

2000

3

206

3 2 1

SD

1972

13 1985

12

RSS RSS

RSS

1 RSS

RSS

1992

5

VN

1963 17

1980

2 2

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2

2

10

RSS

1995

5

ICDS (Integrated Child Development Society) 18)

207

2002 11 17 ICDS

19)

1

2.3

SD

18) Kishore 1997 (2002) 19)

BJP

3

208

RSS

RSS

2002a

RSS

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KT US KT 1 SD

SD

209

US

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BJP 20)

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210

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RSS

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SD

21)

20) 2002 11 BJP VHP BJP RSS BJP BMS Bharat Mazdur Sangh:

SJM Swadeshi Jagaran Manch:

21) hamara mera

hamara

211

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80

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VHP

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BSP Bahujan Samaj Party: 24)

2002 11 11 BSP

BJP

BSP

23) 2002 10 12 24) BSP 1984 SC 1980

SC 1993 UP SP Samajwadi Party: 1995 6 3 10 17 SP UP

2002 2 UP BJP 2002 12 UP BSP

213

KT

BJP

RSS

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RSS

BJP

RSS

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214

CL

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25)

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Hindu Ra.s.tra:

2

6 26)

RSS

RSS

25) 2002 11 14 26)

2002 11 14

3

216

27)

K

CL (Anbedkar Nagar)

(Anbedkar Basti)

CL

3.2

27) 2002

217

13 1989 2002

SD SD

SD28)

SD

1

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1

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3

218

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2002 1 27 VHP

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219

29)

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2002 6

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3

220

2001 12 13

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221

BJP

3

222

RSS

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2001 27

2002 14

2000

2001

2002

1997

10

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