Tipu sultan

TIGER OF MYSORETIGER OF MYSORE

Name: Nawab Tipu Sultan BahadurReign: 20 November 1750 – 4 May 1799Coronation: 29 December 1782Titles: Padshah, Nasib ad-Dawlah, Fath Ali Born: 20 November 1750Birthplace: Devanahalli, BangaloreDied: 4 May 1799 (aged 48)Place of death: Srirangapatna, KarnatakaBuried: Srirangapatna, KarnatakaRoyal House: Kingdom of MysoreFather: Hyder AliMother: Fatima Fakhr-un-NisaReligious beliefs: Islam

Tipu Sultan was born on 20 November 1750 (Friday,20th) at Devanahalli present-day Bangalore Rural area. "Tipu Sultan" after the name of the saint Tipu Mastan Aulia of Arcot. Tipu was also called "Fath Ali" as name of his grandfather Fatah Muhammad.Tipu's father, Hyder Ali, was a military officer in service to the Mysore Kingdom he rose in power, and became the ruler of Mysore. Hyder himself claimed descent from the Quraysh tribe of Arabs, descendents of prophet Muhammad .His mother Fatima Fakhr-un-Nisa was the daughter of Kadapa’s governor . Hyder Ali appointed able teachers to give Tipu an early education in subjects like Urdu, Persian, Arabic, Kannada, Quran, Islamic jurisprudence, riding, shooting and fencing.

T I G E R AS A CUBT I G E R AS A CUB

Early military service Early military service

Tipu Sultan was instructed in military tactics by French officers in the employment of his father. At age 15 he accompanied

his father against the British in the First Mysore War in 1766. He commanded a corps of cavalry in the invasion of Carnatic in 1767 at age 16.

These wars were fought between the Kingdom of Mysore & British East India Company.

1. First Anglo–Mysore War(1766–69)2.Second Anglo–Mysore War (1780–

84) 3. Third Anglo–Mysore War (1789–92) 4. Fourth Anglo–Mysore War (1799)

ANGLO MYSORE WARSANGLO MYSORE WARS

first ANGLO MYSORE WARfirst ANGLO MYSORE WAR

Haider's ambition to drive the British away from the Carnatic and finally from India and the British realization of the threat posed to them by Haider was reason for first anglo my sore war. A tripartite alliance was formed against Haider by the British, the Nizam and the Marathas. Haider's success in breaking the alliance and declaration of war on the British.

The war ended with the defeat of British. Madras government concluded the Treaty of Madras in 1769 on the basis of mutual return of each other's territories and a defensive alliance between the two parties.

SECOND anglo Mysore warSECOND anglo Mysore war The treaty Hyder Ali & the English was more in The treaty Hyder Ali & the English was more in

trust & Hyder Ali accused the company of not trust & Hyder Ali accused the company of not following the terms of the defensive treaty by following the terms of the defensive treaty by not helping him when the Marathas attacked not helping him when the Marathas attacked Mysore . Haider found the French more helpful Mysore . Haider found the French more helpful than the English. in 1778 English in India than the English. in 1778 English in India seized the French areas with Mahe port which seized the French areas with Mahe port which was vital for Haider Ali. Haider Ali tried to was vital for Haider Ali. Haider Ali tried to regain Mahe port. He arranged a alliances with regain Mahe port. He arranged a alliances with Nizam and Marathas against East India Nizam and Marathas against East India Company. The war lasted from 1780-1784. But Company. The war lasted from 1780-1784. But he died in 1782 and. Tipu continued the war he died in 1782 and. Tipu continued the war for another year but successed both the sides. for another year but successed both the sides. Tired of war the two sides concluded peace Tired of war the two sides concluded peace Treaty of Mangalore. Treaty of Mangalore.

TIPU AS RULER OF MYSORETIPU AS RULER OF MYSORETipu , as a ruler built roads, public buildings, and Tipu , as a ruler built roads, public buildings, and ports along the Kerala shoreline. His dominion ports along the Kerala shoreline. His dominion extended all over North Bangalore with the Nandi extended all over North Bangalore with the Nandi Hills. His trade extended to Sri Hills. His trade extended to Sri Lanka, Oman, Lanka, Oman, Durrani Afghanistan,Durrani Afghanistan,

France, Ottoman, Turkey andFrance, Ottoman, Turkey and I Iran.ran.

UUnder Tipu, the Mysore army proved to be a nder Tipu, the Mysore army proved to be a school of military science to Indian princes. He school of military science to Indian princes. He was also one of the few Indian rulers to have was also one of the few Indian rulers to have defeated British armies. defeated British armies.

He is said to have started new coinage, calendar, He is said to have started new coinage, calendar, and a new system of weights and measures. He and a new system of weights and measures. He was well versed Kannada, Hindustani, Persian, was well versed Kannada, Hindustani, Persian, Arabic, English and French. Tipu wanted to be a Arabic, English and French. Tipu wanted to be a Sufi saint, but his father Hyder insisted he could Sufi saint, but his father Hyder insisted he could become a capable soldier and leader.become a capable soldier and leader.

Foreign relations of Tipu sultan

Foreign relations of Tipu sultan

After his coronation, Tipu Sultan began to establish After his coronation, Tipu Sultan began to establish contacts with other Muslim rulers of that period.contacts with other Muslim rulers of that period.

Tipu Sultan then sought an alliance with Napoleon Tipu Sultan then sought an alliance with Napoleon and particularly the French, supposedly aimed and particularly the French, supposedly aimed achieving achieving

this goal by driving his main rivals, the British East this goal by driving his main rivals, the British East India Company out of the subcontinent. Numerous India Company out of the subcontinent. Numerous proposals of alliance were made by Tipu Sultan, proposals of alliance were made by Tipu Sultan, leading French to help him, and even motivating an leading French to help him, and even motivating an effort by Napoleon to make a junction with India, effort by Napoleon to make a junction with India, through the 1798 Campaign of Egypt.through the 1798 Campaign of Egypt.

Tipu Sultan maintained many embassies and contacts Tipu Sultan maintained many embassies and contacts with Zand Dynasty in Persia, Sultanate of Oman, with Zand Dynasty in Persia, Sultanate of Oman, Afghan Durrani Empire & Ottoman sultanate. Afghan Durrani Empire & Ottoman sultanate.

War With MarathasWar With MarathasWar With MarathasWar With Marathas The Maratha Empire under Peshwa gained most

of India , defeating haider, who accepted Marathas as the head in . In 1767 Peshwa entered Mysore capital . Hyder accepted their authority .  Tipu Sultan wanted to escape from this treaty and took some Maratha forts. Tipu began conflict with the Marathas, who attacked Mysore. The Marathas took forts of Tipu Sultan in the Mysore region .By the victory, the border of the Maratha territory was extended to the Tungabhadra river. This forced Tipu to open treaty with the Marathas sent his agents to Pune. which resulted in the Marathas gaining territories which were taken by Mysore. Tipu had to pay 48 lacs , and an annual tax of 12 lacs to remain nawab of my sore.

The Third Anglo-Mysore WarThe Third Anglo-Mysore WarThe Third Anglo-Mysore WarThe Third Anglo-Mysore War

War between Tipu Sultan and British began in 1789 and ended in Tipu's defeat in 1792. Even though Tipu fought with exemplary bravery, Lord Cornwallis the Governor General had succeeded through shrewd diplomacy in isolating him by wining over the Marathas, the Nizam and the rulers of Travancore. This war again revealed that the Indian powers were short-sighted enough to aid the foreigner against another Indian power for the sake of temporary advantages. The Third Mysore War came to an end by the Treaty of Srirangapatnam in March 1792. This treaty resulted in the surrender of nearly half of Mysore territory to the British. Tipu also had to pay a war indemnity of over three crores of rupees. 

Fourth Anglo-Mysore WarFourth Anglo-Mysore War With defeat in the third Anglo-Mysore war, Tipu

was burning with revenge. He wanted to get back his territory and to achieve that objective negotiations with the French. Tipu wanted his allies to expel the English. Lord Wellesley after making Subsidiary Alliance with the Nizam asked Tipu Sultan to accept as well but he refused. Mysore was attacked from two sides, Arthur Wellesley attacked Mysore from the east while General Harris attacked from Bombay.Tipu first defeated by both. Tipu died fighting bravely. The fourth War destroyed the state of Mysore.

SWORD OF TIPU SULTANSWORD OF TIPU SULTAN

Tipu Sultan had lost his sword in a war with the Nairs of Travancore during the Battle, in which he was defeated. The Maharaja, Dharma Raja, gifted the famous sword to the Nawab of Arcot, from where the sword went to London. The sword was on display at the Manchester Square, London. At an auction in London in 2004, the industrialist Vijay Mallya purchased the sword of Tipu Sultan and some other historical artefacts, and brought them back to India for public display after nearly two centuries.

Tipu toy tigerTipu toy tigerTipu toy tigerTipu toy tiger Tipu was commonly known as the Tiger Tipu was commonly known as the Tiger

of Mysore and adopted this animal as of Mysore and adopted this animal as the symbol of his .He had French the symbol of his .He had French engineers build a mechanical tiger for engineers build a mechanical tiger for his palace. The device, known as Tipu's his palace. The device, known as Tipu's Tiger, is on display in the Victoria and Tiger, is on display in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London. Not only did Albert Museum, London. Not only did Tipu place relics of tigers around his Tipu place relics of tigers around his palace and domain, he also had the palace and domain, he also had the emblem of a tiger on his banners and emblem of a tiger on his banners and even on some arms and weapons. even on some arms and weapons. Sometimes this tiger was very ornate Sometimes this tiger was very ornate and had inscriptions within the and had inscriptions within the drawing, alluding to Tipu's faith. drawing, alluding to Tipu's faith.

His legendHis legend His legendHis legend

Tipu was commonly known as the Tiger of Mysore and adopted this animal as the symbol of his rule. It is said that Tipu Sultan was hunting in the forest with a French friend. He came face to face with a tiger. His gun did not work, and his dagger fell on the ground as the tiger jumped on him. He reached for the dagger, picked it up, and killed the tiger with it. That earned him the name "the Tiger of Mysore". Not only did Tipu place relics of tigers around his palace and domain, he also had the emblem of a tiger on his banners and even on some arms and weapons.

HIS PORTRAITSHIS PORTRAITSHIS REAL PICSHIS REAL PICSH i s d r e s s e sH i s W e a p o n s

Jo Lada Tha Sipaahiyon Ki Jo Lada Tha Sipaahiyon Ki Tarah,Tarah,Aisa Bharat Mein Koi Aisa Bharat Mein Koi Baadshah Na Hua,Baadshah Na Hua,Rooh To Ho Gayi Thi Tann Rooh To Ho Gayi Thi Tann Se Judaa,Se Judaa,Haath Talwaar Se Judaa Na Haath Talwaar Se Judaa Na Hua.Hua.