Timing, Direct Input, and Animation and Spritesgraphics.hallym.ac.kr/teach/2007/gp1/src/12prac.pdf · 2008-09-16 · 다른종류의sprite 사용(+15점): 배경, 비행기, 총알

Game Programming I

Sun-Jeong Kim http://www.hallym.ac.kr/~sunkim/teach/2007/gp1

Timing, Direct Input, and Animation and Sprites

7th Week, 2007


Downloading Sample Program


Microsoft Visual Studio .Net


File New Project…

Visual C++ Win32Win32 Project


Application Settings

Empty project


‘Chap05’ Solution


Graphics Stats Demo


Adding the Source Code (1)

Copying the source code



Project Add Existing Item




Project Properties

Configuration Properties Linker InputAdditional Dependencies: d3d9.lib d3dx9d.lib d3d9.lib d3dx9d.lib dxguid.libdxguid.lib dxerr9.lib dinput8.libdxerr9.lib dinput8.lib


Result – Graphics Stats Demo


Sample Code: GfxStatsDemo

d3dApp.h

d3dApp.cpp

d3dUtil.h

GfxStatsDemo.cpp

: useful utility code

: the core Direct3D application class code

: our application code

derivation

GfxStats.h

GfxStats.cpp

: calculating graphics stats


Graphics Stats Demo (1)

Calculating and drawing the FPS and milliseconds per frame

#class GfxStats{public:

GfxStats();~GfxStats();

void onLostDevice();void onResetDevice();

void addVertices(DWORD n);void subVertices(DWORD n);void addTriangles(DWORD n);void subTriangles(DWORD n);

void setTriCount(DWORD n);void setVertexCount(DWORD n);

void update(float dt);void display();



Calculating and drawing the FPS and milliseconds per frame (cont’)

private:// Prevent copyingGfxStats(const GfxStats& rhs);GfxStats& operator=(const GfxStats& rhs);

private:ID3DXFont* mFont;float mFPS;float mMilliSecPerFrame;DWORD mNumTris;DWORD mNumVertices;

};



Counting the number of frames processed over some specified time period

void GfxStats::update(float dt){

static float numFrames = 0.0f;static float timeElapsed = 0.0f;

numFrames += 1.0f;

timeElapsed += dt;

if( timeElapsed >= 1.0f ){

mFPS = numFrames;

mMilliSecPerFrame = 1000.0f / mFPS;

timeElapsed = 0.0f;numFrames = 0.0f;

}}



Outputting the informationvoid GfxStats::display(){

static char buffer[256];

sprintf(buffer, "Frames Per Second = %.2f\n""Milliseconds Per Frame = %.4f\n""Triangle Count = %d\n""Vertex Count = %d", mFPS, mMilliSecPerFrame,

mNumTris, mNumVertices);

RECT R = {5, 5, 0, 0};HR(mFont->DrawText(0, buffer, -1, &R, DT_NOCLIP,

D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0)));}



Keeping track of the overall scene triangle and vertex countvoid GfxStats::addVertices(DWORD n) { mNumVertices += n; }

void GfxStats::subVertices(DWORD n) { mNumVertices -= n; }

void GfxStats::addTriangles(DWORD n) { mNumTris += n; }

void GfxStats::subTriangles(DWORD n) { mNumTris -= n; }

void GfxStats::setTriCount(DWORD n) { mNumTris = n; }

void GfxStats::setVertexCount(DWORD n){ mNumVertices = n; }


The Sprite Demo










Result – The Sprite Demo

FF: Full-Screen modeEscEsc: Window mode

AA, DD: to rotate the shipWW, SS: to accelerate or decelerate the shipSpacebarSpacebar: to fire bullets


Sample Code: SpriteDemo

d3dApp.h

d3dApp.cpp

d3dUtil.h

SpriteDemo.cpp

: useful utility code

: the core Direct3D application class code

: our application code

derivation

GfxStats.h

DirectInput.h

: calculating graphics stats

: working with keyboard and mouse

GfxStats.cpp

DirectInput.cpp


Bullet Structure

Containing the properties of a bullet

pos: position of a bullet

rotation: rotation angle (the direction the bullet is traveling)life: the amount of time the bullet has existed

struct BulletInfo{

D3DXVECTOR3 pos;float rotation;float life;

};


Sprite Demo Class (1)class SpriteDemo : public D3DApp{public:

SpriteDemo(HINSTANCE hInstance, std::string winCaption, D3DDEVTYPE devType, DWORD requestedVP);~SpriteDemo();

bool checkDeviceCaps();void onLostDevice();void onResetDevice();void updateScene(float dt);void drawScene();

// Helper functions.void updateShip(float dt);void updateBullets(float dt);void drawBkgd();void drawShip();void drawBullets();


Sprite Demo Class (2)private:

GfxStats* mGfxStats;

ID3DXSprite* mSprite;

IDirect3DTexture9* mBkgdTex;D3DXVECTOR3 mBkgdCenter;

IDirect3DTexture9* mShipTex;D3DXVECTOR3 mShipCenter;D3DXVECTOR3 mShipPos;float mShipSpeed;float mShipRotation;

IDirect3DTexture9* mBulletTex;D3DXVECTOR3 mBulletCenter;std::list<BulletInfo> mBulletList;

const float BULLET_SPEED;const float MAX_SHIP_SPEED;const float SHIP_ACCEL;const float SHIP_DRAG;

};


“SpriteDemo.cpp”


Alpha Channel

Fourth channel for alpha blendingWeights that specify how much color to use from the texture image (source color) and from the back buffer pixels (destination color)

White: 100% source color

Black: 100% destination color

The sprites and their alpha channels(32-bit BMP file)


Page Flipping Animation










Result – Page Flipping Animation


Page Flipping Animation (1)

Generating the animation as a sequence of images, and then displaying the frames in rapid succession

Useful for effects like explosions or fire

Each frame of animation is stored in the texture (including alpha info)



Initialization:

Update:

// The current frame of animation to render.mCurrFrame = 0;

// Keep track of how much time has accumulated.static float timeAccum = 0.0f;timeAccum += dt;

// Play animation at 30 frames per second.if( timeAccum >= 1.0f / 30.0f ){

// After 1/30 seconds has passed, move on to the next frame.++mCurrFrame;timeAccum = 0.0f;

// This animation has have 30 frames indexed from // 0, 1, ..., 29, so start back at the beginning if // we go over.if(mCurrFrame > 29)

mCurrFrame = 0;}



Rendering:// Compute rectangle on texture atlas of the current frame// we want to use.int i = mCurrFrame / 6; // Rowint j = mCurrFrame % 6; // ColumnRECT R = {j*64, i*64, (j+1)*64, (i+1)*64};

// Turn on alpha blending.HR(gd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, true));

// Don't move explosion--set identity matrix.D3DXMATRIX M;D3DXMatrixIdentity(&M);HR(mSprite->SetTransform(&M));HR(mSprite->Draw(mFrames, &R, &mSpriteCenter, 0,

D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255)));HR(mSprite->End());

// Turn off alpha blending.HR(gd3dDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_ALPHABLENDENABLE, false));


“PageFlipDemo.cpp”


Exercise – Assignment #1

2D Shooting GameGoal: shooting down your enemies

RaidenX(http://www.crazymonkeygames.com/RaidenX.html)


Defaults

Use different sprites (+15 points)Background, ship, and bullet

Fly enemies (+5 points)One more kind of enemy (each +5 points)

Shoot the enemies (+10 points)Collision detection

Add explosion by page flipping animation (+10 points)

Display scores (+10 points)


Options

Enemies may shoot bullets at your ship (+10 points)

Different kind of bullets or items (each +5 points)

Level design (+20 points)

Etc. (+α points)


연습 문제 – Assignment #1 (1)

2차원슈팅게임목표: 적들을피하고총으로맞춤

RaidenX(http://www.crazymonkeygames.com/RaidenX.html)



필수사항다른종류의 sprite 사용 (+15점): 배경, 비행기, 총알

적기 (+5 점): 여러종류의적 (각 +5점)

적기격추 (+10점): 충돌체크필수

격추된후폭파 (+10점): 교과서예제 page flipping animation 이용

점수계산후디스플레이 (+10점)

옵션사항적기가총을쏨 (+10점)

아이템, 아이템획득후총알종류가달라짐 (각 +5점)

게임레벨디자인 (+20점)

기타(+α 점)



제출방법2007. 5. 3 수업시간전까지

수업시간에과제발표예정

프로그램 (소스코드만압축, Debug 폴더제외)

+ 스냅샷이미지 (여러장, 최소 2~3장)

+ shelf-check table (뒷장참조)

3개를압축하여 “학번.zip”을웹에 upload 할것


Self-Check Table

스스로채점후제출하시오. (O, Δ, X 표기)

학번학번: : 이름이름: :

Options (+α점)

1. Enemy가총을쏘는가? (10점)

2. 다른종류의아이템발생, 다른종류의 bullet (각 5점)

3. 게임레벨디자인 (20점)

4. 기타 (+α점) :

2D Shooting Game (50점)

1. 새로운 Sprite를만들어사용했는가? (15점)

2. Enemy가있는가? (각 5점)

3. Enemy를격추시킬수있는가? (10점)

4. 격추후 Page Flipping Animation 폭파가능한가? (10점)

5. 점수계산과디스플레이가되는가? (10점)

Timing, Direct Input, and Animation and Spritesgraphics.hallym.ac.kr/teach/2007/gp1/src/12prac.pdf · 2008-09-16 · 다른종류의sprite 사용(+15점): 배경, 비행기, 총알

Documents