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Trng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni Vin cng ngh sinh hc - thc phmB mn nguyn liu v ph gia thc phm
BI TP LNTm hiu ph gia s dng trong nc cam p
TRAN PHUONG
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Tm hiu ph gia s dng trong nc cam p
Gio vin hng dn: T.S L Hong Lm
Nhm sinh vin: Trn Th Thu Phng20126030 Phm Th Tho 20126046 Lu Th Trang 20126066 Trn Nh Hiu20126089
TRAN PHUONG
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Nc cam hay nc cam p, nc cam vt l mt loi thc ung ph bin c lm t cam bng cch chit xut nc t tri cam ti bng vic vt hay p l mt loi nc cam ti. i vi cc sn phm nc cam c sn xut theo kiu cng nghip, nc cam c ch bin c cho thm cc ph gia, bo qun ri ng chai hoc hp giy tiu th.Nc cam c cha flavonoid c li cho sc khe v l mt ngun cung cp cc cht chng oxy ha hesperidin. ng thi trong nc cam c cha nhiu vitamin C[1], c tc dng tng cng khng, chng mt mi. Nc cam thng c s thay i gia mu cam v mu vng, mc d mt s mu ruby hoc mu cam ging mu cam hoc thm ch hi hng.
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Mt s loi nc cam p 1.Nc cam Teppy Hng sx: CocacolaThnh phn: nc, ng HFCS, nc ct cam v tp cam(12,2% w/v), calcium lactate (400ppm), cht to chua ( 330,331iii), hng cam tng hp, mu thc phm tng hp (102,110), vitamin E (11ppm). Cng dng ca ph gia s dng:+ ng HFCS(High fructose corn syrup): Cht to ngt, ngt hn ng sucrose v do c s dng rng ri nh l cht to ngt trong nc tri cy, v cc ung c gas,
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+ Cht to chua(330, 331iii): E330 (axit citric): c s dng nh l cht to hng v v cht bo qun trong thc phm v ung, c bit l cc loi ung nh.E331 iii (citrat trinatri):To phc kim loi, n nh, chng oxy ho.
+ Hng cam tng hp: to hng v cam v l cht to c cho sn phm.
+Mu thc phm tng hp (102,110):E102 (Tatrazin): l dn xut ca axit pyrazol cacboxylic, c mu vng chanh. Liu dng 7,5 mg/kg khi lng c th.E110 (Vng da cam S) : l mui Na ca axit Naphtolsulphonic, c mu vng da cam. Liu dng 0,5 mg/kg khi lng c th.
+Vitamin E: Chng oxi ha.
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2.Nc cam TwisterHng sn xut: TropicanaThnh phn: nc cam c c v tp cam (10%), cht iu chnh axit, cht n nh (415,474), vitamin C (144mg/l), cht bo qun (202), hng cam t nhin v ging t nhin, beta caroten, vitamin ACng dng ca cc ph gia s dng:+ Cht iu chnh axit: to chua v chng oxi ha.
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+ Cht n nh (415,474): E415 (Xanthan Gum): cht lm dy, n nh, ngn s phn lp cc cht E474 (Sucroglycerides): n nh,lm dy,ngn s phn lp cc cht
+ Vitamin C (Axit acorbic): chng oxi ha v ngn nga s mt mu.
+Cht bo qun 202(Sorbat kali): ko di thi gian s dng ca sn phm.
+ Hng cam t nhin v ging t nhin: to hng v cho sn phm.
+ Beta-caroten: to mu cam cho sn phm
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3.Nc cam MirindaHng sx: PepsiThnh phn: nc bo ha CO2 , ng ma,cht iu chnh axit ( 330,331 iii), tinh bt bin tnh, cht bo qun (211), cht nh ha (445iii), mu tng hp (110)Cng dng mt s ph gia s dng:+ Nc bo ha CO2 : cht to cm gic sng khoi khi ung. to v, n cn c kh nng phn ly trong nc to thnh acid yu HCO3 acid ny cng c kh nng bo qun.
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+ Cht iu chnh axit (330,331iii): E330 (axit citric): c s dng nh l cht to hng v v cht bo qun trong thc phm v ung, c bit l cc loi ung nh.E331 iii (citrat trinatri):To phc kim loi, n nh, chng oxy ho.
+Tinh bt bin tnh: cung cp nht v s n nh.
+Cht bo qun 211 (Natri benzoat):l mt cht bo qun v c kh nng tiu dit nm mc v vi khun. Tiu chun quy nh hm lng di 0,05% hoc di 0,2% trng lng sn phm.
+ Cht nh ha (445iii): kt hp cc cht vn khng th lin kt c li vi nhau.
+ Mu tng hp (110): E110 (Vng da cam S) : l mui Na ca axit Naphtolsulphonic, c mu vng da cam. Liu dng 0,5 mg/kg khi lng c th.
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4. Nc cam FantaHng sx: Coca ColaThnh phn: cht to chua (330), cht to nh (1450,444), hng cam t nhin v ging t nhin, cht bo qun (211), mu thc phm (110)Cng dng ca cc ph gia s dng:+ Cht to chua 330 (Axt citric): c s dng thay i hay kim sot chua v kim ca thc phm.
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+Cht to nh (1450,444): nh ha, n nh, lm dy.
+Hng cam t nhin v ging t nhin: to hng v cho sn phm.
+ Cht bo qun (211): ngn hoc kim ch s thi hng ca thc phm b gy ra bi cc hot ng ca nm mc, vi khun hay cc vi sinh vt khc.
+ Mu thc phm (110): E110 (Vng da cam S) : l mui Na ca axit Naphtolsulphonic, c mu vng da cam. Liu dng 0,5 mg/kg khi lng c th.c thm vo thay th cc mu sc b mt trong qu trnh sn xut hay lm cho sn phm trng bt mt hn.
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5.Nc cam Vfresh
Hng sn xut: VinamilkThnh phn: Nc cam p t nc c c 50%,nc, ng tinh luyn, cht n nh (440), cht iu chnh axit (330),cht chng oxi ha (300), hng v t nhin dng trong thc phm.
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Cng dng cc loi ph gia s dng:+ ng tinh luyn: hay cn gi l ng RE - Refined Extra: l ng Sacaroza (Saccharose) c tinh ch v kt tinh. To v ngt cho sn phm.+ Cht n nh 440 (pectin) : nh ha, n nh.+ Cht iu chnh axit (330): c s dng thay i hay kim sot chua v kim ca thc phm.+ Cht chng oxi ha (300): tc dng nh l cht bo qun bng cch kim ch cc tc ng ca xy i vi thc phm v ni chung l c li cho sc khe.+Hng v t nhin dng trong thc phm.
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6. Nc cam JuicieHng sx: Number 1Thnh phn: Nc, nc ct cam, fructose, ng, acid citric, mu t nhin, hng cam t nhin.
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7.Nc p cam ti WoongjinNc p cam ti Woongjin cha hon ton 100% nc cam p.
T l cam vng a Trung Hi - Isarel (80%) v cam chu M - Brasil (20%) mang li hng v cho nc cam, khng qu chua, khng qu ngt v giu Vitamin C.
Thnh phn: Nc cam p 100% (Cam Isarel 80%, cam Brasil 20%), ng, vitamin C.
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8.Nc Cam TRIBECO Hng sx: TribecoThnh phn: Nc bo ha CO2, ng, fuctose, hng cam tng hp, cht iu chnh axit: axit xitric (330), trinatri xitrat (331iii), cht bo qun: natri benzoat (211), mu tng hp: sunset yellow (110), allura red AC (129), cht ngt tng hp: acesulfam kali (950), sucralose (955).
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Nhn xtTt c cc sn phm trn u s dng ph gia l cht iu chnh axit thay i hay kim sot chua v kim ca nc cam.
Bng 1: Cht iu chnh axit
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Ngoi ra, cc sn phm cn s dng mt s cc ph gia khc to nn hng v c trng cho tng sn phm: Bng 2: Cht bo qun Bng 3: Vitamin
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+ Trong khi cc sn phm Mirinda, Fanta, Twister,Juicie s dng cht bo qun th sn phm Vfresh, Teppy li s dng Vitamin ko di thi gian s dng cho sn phm. M thi gian s dng gn nh ngang nhau: Mirinda (6 thng), Fanta (6 thng), Twister (6 thng), Juicie( 8 thng), Teppy ( 8 thng), Vfresh ( 6 thng). + Mirinda v Fanta phi s dng cht nh ha kt hp cc thnh phn vn khng th lin kt li vi nhau v chng to bt v y l cc sn phm nc ngt c ga.Bng 4: Cht nh ha
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+ Twister v Vfresh s dng cht n nh to c v gipsn phm n nh hn.
Bng 5: Cht n nh+ Cc sn phm Teppy, Mirinda, Fanta s dng cht mu tng hp to mu sc cho sn phm. Vfresh khng cn s dng cht to mu v thnh phn chnh l nc cam chim 50-100%.
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Bng 6: Mu thc phm
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Bng 7: nh gi cm quan
+V chua gim dn, v ngt tng dn t tri qua phi
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Kt lunD hin nay c nhiu thng tin tri chiu v vic s dng cc cht ph gia trong sn phm nc cam, nhng ph gia em li nhiu li ch cho nh sn xut v ngi tiu dng.Mt cht ph gia nu c cho php s dng ng ngha n an ton cho ngi s dngMt ph gia thc phm d c cho php s dng vn phi tip tc chu s gim st v lun c cp nht mc an ton cho ngi s dng.Ring vi sn phm nc cam th ngi tiu dng nn s dng nhng sn phm c thnh phn nc cam khong 50-100%, hn ch s dng nhng sn phm c nhiu cht to mu, cht bo qun an ton cho sc khe.
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Trang web tra cu thng tinhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5_gia_th%E1%BB%B1c_ph%E1%BA%A9mhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_camhttp://www.tribeco.com.vn/nuoc-ngot-csd.html
Tt c hnh nh minh ho trong bi ny c ngun t Internet v c s dng vi mc ch phi thng mi.
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