Friday, August 26th
Thursday, January 24th Bell-Ringer: Please take out your notes
from last class, Chapter 6, and Chapter 7. On a scrap sheet of
paper somewhere, take 3-4 minutes to respond to the following
questions: Will the U.S. always be a world power? What might
eventually lead to its fall from power? When do you think that
might happen?Daily Agenda:Bell-Ringer: QuickwriteWord of the Day
circumventThe Conrad-Demarest Model of EmpireReview Quiz: Chapters
6 and 7TutorialTutorial ReflectionHomework: Read Chapter 10 and
take reading notes. Complete CIRCUMVENT: To circle around and
therefore bypass; to avoid by artful maneuveringDuring the 1920s,
Al Capone and other gangsters built profitable illegal businesses
by CIRCUMVENTING prohibition laws. Today, illegal businesses
continue to CIRCUMVENT our laws. For example, drug lords annually
smuggle over 100 tons of cocaine and other illegal drugs into the
United States.
Sometimes nations CIRCUMVENT international law. Iran signed the
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1970. Nonetheless, many believe
that the Iranian government is now CIRCUMVENTING the international
agreements by secretly developing a program to build nuclear
weapons.Read-Aloud Thurs. Jan 24 Day 3, Period 1CIRCUMVENT: To
circle around and therefore bypass; to avoid by artful
maneuveringDetermine which is the odd word out and state why it
does not belong with the others.
outwiteludeevadeobey
Odd Word Out Day 3, Period 2Odd Word Out Day 3, Period
2outwit
elude
evade
obey-obey is an antonym for CIRCUMVENT. The other three words
are synonyms.AnswerHow does it relate to circumvent?
Conrad-Demarest Model of Empires
How can historians explain the rise and fall of empire?AP World
HistoryUnit 2The Conrad-Demarest Model The term empire was first
used in 1297 to describe territory made up of formerly independent
states.Today, it refers to a politically unified state in which one
people dominate their neighbors. Usually this occurs militarily,
but can also happen through diplomacy, religion or trade.In 1984,
Historians Geoffrey Conrad and Arthur Demarest created a model to
understanding empire in their book Religion and Empire: The
Dynamics of Aztec and Inca Expansionism. Pre-Conditions for
EmpireState level government.High agricultural potential.
Environmental diversity.Several small states with no dominate
power.Mutual hostility between small states.Adequate military
resources.
Pre-Conditions for EmpireState level government.4 empires ruled
558 BCE to 651CE.High agricultural potential. Alfalfa fed to horses
made them stronger.Environmental diversity.Environmental mosaic:
mountains, valley plateaus, jungles, deserts, arable lands,
bordered many seas.Several small states with no dominate
power.Mesopotamian states ripe for conquest.Mutual hostility
between small states.Adequate military resources.Equestrian skills
and horses.
Persian Imperial GovernmentCapital at Persepolis.23 regional
satrapies appointed by emperor.Locals appointed to serve as
satraps.Audits by roving bands of government spies. Military
officers to keep regions honest.Regulated taxes and standardized
laws.Built good roads for communication and control.Courier service
with horses, could travel one week from one end of the empire to
the other.Policy of toleration of local beliefs.State
IdeologySupports:Personal identification with the state.Belief in
the empire.Military conquest to expand empire.Militarism:
Glorification of the ideals of a professional military
class.Predominance of the armed forces in the administration or
policy of the state.A policy in which military preparedness is of
primary importance to a state.State IdeologySupports:Personal
identification with the state.Belief in the empire.Zoroastrianism
and Darius.Military conquest to expand empire.Continual expansion
by conquest: Egypt, Anatolia, Thrace, Macedonia, Indus River
Valley.Militarism: Glorification of the ideals of a professional
military class.Warrior class most important. Predominance of the
armed forces in the administration or policy of the state.A policy
in which military preparedness is of primary importance to a
state.Characteristics of an EmpireBuilding roads and transportation
networks.Trade increases.Cosmopolitan cities, art, and
education.Bureaucracy, taxes, coinage, and imperial laws
enforced.Official language.Law and justice. Standards over
conquered people.Characteristics of an EmpireBuilding roads and
transportation networks.Royal road and canals.Trade
increases.Largest empire of its time period, expanded from East
Asia to Europe to Northern Africa. Protected trade
internally.Cosmopolitan cities, art, and education.Persepolis was
home to a variety of international neighborhoodsBureaucracy, taxes,
coinage, and imperial laws enforced.Official language.Persian
language was the official language.Law and justice. Standards over
conquered people.Equal treatment of the people they
conquered.Freeing the Jews.Hated Greeks, but respected their
knowledge.
Results of EmpiresEconomic rewards.Regular taxes from satraps
replaced intermittent tributes.Stability and prosperity.Royal
roads, peace, standardized coins fostered increased
trade.Population increase. Governed 35 million subjects.
Reasons for DownfallFailure of leadership.Overextension.Failure
to continue expansion undermines government support.Rebellions.
Reasons for DownfallFailure of leadership.Xerxes harshly crushed
rebellions in Mesopotamia leading to a reputation for
crueltyOverextension.Failure to continue expansion undermines
government support.Persian Wars vs. Greek
city-states.Rebellions.Parthians rebelled against
Seleucids.Alexander the Great of Macedonia.Rome in 280 CE.Rise of
Islam in 651 CE.
Project: The Conrad-Demarest ModelNow that you have seen an
example, do you feel that the model works as an explanation for the
rise and fall of empire? To further test the model, you will be
researching the characteristics of Classical Greece, Rome, and
China. In each case, you will examine how closely the empire
matches the Conrad-Demarest Model. Ultimately, you will use your
research to write an essay evaluating the model.Review QuizPlease
log-on to your computer and visit the class wiki.
(chswhap.wikispaces.com). On the Bell-Ringers and Daily Agendas
page you will find a hyperlink to your review quiz. Click on the
link, enter your name, and take the quiz. You may use your notes,
but you only have 10 minutes.