Thinking Differently… Take a few minutes What are the challenges of presenting new ideas? Think: Stem Cell Research, Gay Marriage, Alternative Fuel.

Thinking Differently…

Take a few minutes What are the challenges of presenting new ideas? Think: Stem Cell Research, Gay Marriage,

Alternative Fuel Sources

What is a schism? A schism is a division in a church or a

religious group.

MARTIN LUTHER, THE PRINTING PRESS & CHANGE

Protestant Reformation

Mr. BarchettoNotes #6

Christian Church (During the Roman Empire)

“Catholics”Roman Catholic Church

(Latin-W. Europe)

“Byzantines”Eastern Orthodox Church

(Greek- E. Europe)

“Protestant”Protestant Reformation

(Lutheran Churches)“Anglican”

English Reformation(King Henry Church of

England)

“Protestant”Calvinism

(John Calvin Churches)

Understanding Christianity

“Christians”Christian Church (East-West Schism 1054)

Why does this split occur?Church split along doctrinal, theological, linguistic, political, and geographical lines

The Church & its’ growing problems?

Catholic Church during Middle Ages Church acted like country

Collected taxes—tithe (ty-thed) Raised armies—crusaders Wrote laws—canon laws

Papal Supremacy Pope influenced politics Stopped scientific study Killed non-believers Killed questioning Christians

Catholic Church during Renaissance

Church became wealthy patron to the arts Church begin supporting artists to

create works of art for the Church. Sistine Chapel St. Peter’s Basilica

Sold indulgences to support projects Only the wealthy could buy

indulgences What was an indulgence?

It was a free pass or pardon releasing the sinner from time in Purgatory.

A 100 years before Luther…

Englishman “Christ was meek…the

pope sits on his throne and makes lords to kiss his feet.” True head of Church was

Jesus Christ Clergy should own no land

or wealth Bible alone was final

authority for Christian life.

Bohemian (Czech Republic)

Was influenced greatly by Wycliffe’s writings Taught that the authority

of the bible was higher than that of the pope.

Preached sermons in Czech rather than in Latin.

John Wycliffe John Huss

A 100 years before Luther…

What changes take place in the next 100 years?

By all accounts it would have made sense that the Reformation happen in the early 1400’s.

However, there are two important reasons why the Protestant Reformation did not begin until after Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the church door in Wittenberg.

#1:New Ideas of the Renaissance

During the Renaissance people expected higher standards especially in the clergy

Popular religious leaders roused the people with fiery sermons Girolamo Savonarola

(1490) Christian Humanists called

attention to corruption in the church and the need for reform Desiderius Erasmus

In Praise of Folly (1509) Thomas More

Utopia (1516)

#2:The Printing Press

Using Writing Simulation handout follow directions and complete activity…

What does this activity tell you about the art of copying books?

What does this activity tell you about the cost of books before the printing press?

What does this activity tell you about education in Europe?

What is the first book copied on Gutenberg’s printing press?

How is the printing press a catalyst for religious reform in Europe?1. Many writers criticized the corruption of Renaissance Popes.

2. Printed books on religion encouraged popular piety3. Printing Press made bible available for

everyone to read and interpret.

Who is Martin Luther… Born in the Saxony region of German

son of a copper miner July 2, 1505, while riding a horse

Luther is struck by lightening Vows to become a monk and devote his life to

God. Father wanted his son to become a lawyer.

Luther was a devout Catholic searching for peace of mind This peace was found in 1512 when Luther

realized “The just shall live by faith”…key to salvation was not fasting and praying but instead a strong faith in God.

This would become the foundation of the Lutheran faith

Luther’s Motivation is Ignited…

Luther had no intention of challenging the church …but by 1517 something occurred

that made Luther spring into action.

Johann Tetzel- 1517 Selling indulgences in Germany for

the completion of St. Peter’s Basilica Led people to believe they were able

to buy their way to heaven, even if they were not good Christians.

October 31, 1517…495 years ago

Luther nail’s his 95 Theses to the church door in Wittenberg Luther’s grievances with the Catholic

Church dealing with 5 main areas. Salvation

gained through strict observance of the bible Indulgences

Sins can not be forgiven by purchasing indulgences Bible

Bible is final law not the Catholic Church Pope

Tired of the corruption by past and present Popes

Christian Identity Concerned Christians are forgetting their faith

Printing Press Creates widespread support

The Storm which Follows…“I would never have thought that such a storm would rise from Rome over one simple

scrap of paper”-Martin Luther

1518-Pope Leo X Makes an inquiry into Luther’s writings finds him guilty of hersey.

1521-Pope Leo X January 3, excommunicated from the church

1521-April 18 Luther is called to the Diet of Worms

1521-May 25 Charles V issues Edict of Worms

1524-Peasants’ War erupts; ends following year.

1555-Peace of Augsburg is signed