Think Smart Think Smart. .Net Framework Er.Ashish pandey New Horizon India (9871682886)

Think Think SmartSmart

.Net Framework.Net Framework

Er.Ashish pandeyEr.Ashish pandeyNew Horizon IndiaNew Horizon India

(9871682886)(9871682886)

AgendaAgenda What is .Net FrameworkWhat is .Net Framework Common Language RuntimeCommon Language Runtime

Assemblies(Modules,CTS/CLS)Assemblies(Modules,CTS/CLS) Memory management in .NetMemory management in .Net Execution ModelExecution Model .Net security Model.Net security Model

ASP.NETASP.NET ADO.NETADO.NET

Development ChallengesDevelopment Challenges

Software IntegrationSoftware Integration Language silo problem Language silo problem Development and deployment complexityDevelopment and deployment complexity Multiple programming modelsMultiple programming models Security not inherentSecurity not inherent

The .NET FrameworkThe .NET FrameworkWhat Is the .NET Framework?What Is the .NET Framework?

A set of technologies that:A set of technologies that: unite today’s isolated Web applicationsunite today’s isolated Web applications make information available make information available

anytime, anywhereanytime, anywhere simplify development and deploymentsimplify development and deployment

How does .NET achieve the above?How does .NET achieve the above? Web servicesWeb services ADO.NET DataSets and XML support ADO.NET DataSets and XML support

throughout the platform throughout the platform rich tools, runtime services, and rich tools, runtime services, and

XCOPY deploymentXCOPY deployment

.Net Framework.Net Framework

Common Language Runtime (CLR)Common Language Runtime (CLR)

Base Class LibraryBase Class Library

Visual BasicVisual BasicSource Source codecode

CompilerCompiler

C++C++C#C#

CompilerCompilerCompilerCompiler

AssemblyAssemblyIL codeIL code

AssemblyAssemblyIL codeIL code

AssemblyAssemblyIL codeIL code

Operating system servicesOperating system services

Common language runtimeCommon language runtime

JIT compilerJIT compiler

Native codeNative code

ManagedManagedcodecode

UnmanagedUnmanagedcomponentcomponent

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language RuntimeExecution ModelExecution Model

The CLRThe CLR

Base Class Library SupportBase Class Library Support

Thread SupportThread Support COM MarshalerCOM Marshaler

Type CheckerType Checker Exception ManagerException Manager

MSIL to NativeMSIL to NativeCompilersCompilers

CodeCodeManagerManager

GarbageGarbageCollectorCollector

Security EngineSecurity Engine Debug EngineDebug Engine

Class LoaderClass Loader

System

System.Data (ADO .NET) System.XML

System.Web (ASP .NET)

Globalization

Diagnostics

Configuration

Collections

Resources

Reflection

Net

IO

Threading

Text

ServiceProcess

Security

Design

ADO

SQLTypes

SQL

XPath

XSLT

RuntimeInteropServices

Remoting

Serialization

Serialization

Configuration SessionState

Caching Security

ServicesDescription

Discovery

Protocols

UIHTMLControls

WebControls

System.Drawing

Imaging

Drawing2D

Text

Printing

System.WinForms

Design ComponentModel

.Net Framework Classes.Net Framework Classes

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language Runtime Execution engine for .NET framework Execution engine for .NET framework

applications.applications. Services provided.Services provided.

Code management (loading and execution).Code management (loading and execution). Application memory isolation.Application memory isolation. Verification of type safety.Verification of type safety. Conversion of IL to native code.Conversion of IL to native code. Enforcement of code access security Enforcement of code access security Exception handling, including cross-language Exception handling, including cross-language

exceptions exceptions Interoperation between managed code, COM Interoperation between managed code, COM

objects, and pre-existing DLLs (unmanaged objects, and pre-existing DLLs (unmanaged code and data)code and data)

… …..

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language RuntimeGoalsGoals

DevelopmentDevelopment standard class frameworkstandard class framework automatic memory managementautomatic memory management consistent error handlingconsistent error handling mixed-language applicationsmixed-language applications multiple platformsmultiple platforms safer executionsafer execution

DeploymentDeployment removal on registration dependencyremoval on registration dependency safety: fewer versioning problemssafety: fewer versioning problems the end of “DLL Hell”the end of “DLL Hell”

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language RuntimeMultiple Language SupportMultiple Language Support

Common Type System (CTS)Common Type System (CTS)

Common Language Specification (CLS)Common Language Specification (CLS)

Common Language Common Language SpecificationSpecification CTS defines a complex set of types CTS defines a complex set of types

So a compromise the CLSSo a compromise the CLS Must implement BOOL, Byte, Char, Must implement BOOL, Byte, Char,

Integers etcIntegers etc Need not implement UintegersNeed not implement Uintegers

Arrays in all languages must have zero as Arrays in all languages must have zero as the lower bound.the lower bound.

All Languages support the same sub set.All Languages support the same sub set.

Types Types Unified Type SystemUnified Type System

Value typesValue types Directly contain dataDirectly contain data Cannot be nullCannot be null

Reference typesReference types Contain references to objectsContain references to objects May be nullMay be null

int i = 123;string s = "Hello world";

123i

s "Hello world"

Types Types Unified Type SystemUnified Type System

Value typesValue types PrimitivesPrimitives int i; float x;int i; float x; EnumsEnums enum State { Off, On }enum State { Off, On } StructsStructs struct Point {int x,y;}struct Point {int x,y;}

Reference typesReference types RootRoot objectobject StringString stringstring ClassesClasses class Foo: Bar, IFoo {...}class Foo: Bar, IFoo {...} InterfacesInterfaces interface IFoo: IBar {...}interface IFoo: IBar {...} ArraysArrays string[] a = new string[] a = new string[10];string[10];

DelegatesDelegates delegate void Empty();delegate void Empty();

Types Types Unified Type SystemUnified Type System

Value (Struct)Value (Struct) Reference Reference (Class)(Class)

Variable holdsVariable holds Actual valueActual value Memory locationMemory location

Allocated onAllocated on Stack, memberStack, member HeapHeap

NullabilityNullability Always has valueAlways has value May be nullMay be null

Default valueDefault value 00 nullnull

Assignment Assignment meansmeans Copy dataCopy data Copy referenceCopy reference

Types Types Unified Type SystemUnified Type SystemBenefits of value typesBenefits of value types

No heap allocation, less GC pressureNo heap allocation, less GC pressure More efficient use of memoryMore efficient use of memory Less reference indirectionLess reference indirection Unified type systemUnified type system

No primitive/object dichotomyNo primitive/object dichotomy

TypesTypesUnified Type SystemUnified Type SystemEverything is an objectEverything is an object

All types ultimately inherit from objectAll types ultimately inherit from object Any piece of data can be stored, Any piece of data can be stored,

transported, and manipulated with no extra transported, and manipulated with no extra workwork

MemoryStream FileStream

Stream Hashtable int double

object

ARRAYARRAY

MyClass[] objMyClass= new MyClass[6];MyClass[] objMyClass= new MyClass[6];

Myclass objMyClass[6];Myclass objMyClass[6];

Which One is Better and WHY?Which One is Better and WHY?

Source codeSource codeSource codeSource code

C++, C#, Visual C++, C#, Visual Basic or Basic or any .NET any .NET languagelanguage

Csc.exe or Vbc.exeCsc.exe or Vbc.exeCompilerCompiler

AssemblyAssemblyAssemblyAssembly

DLL or EXEDLL or EXE

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language RuntimeCompilationCompilation

csc /out:myAssembly.dll /debug+ /target:library parceltracker.cscsc /out:myAssembly.dll /debug+ /target:library parceltracker.cs

AgendaAgenda

What is .Net FrameworkWhat is .Net Framework Common Language RuntimeCommon Language Runtime

AssembliesAssemblies Memory management in .NetMemory management in .Net Execution ModelExecution Model .Net security Model.Net security Model

ASP.NETASP.NET ADO.NETADO.NET

AgendaAgenda

What is .Net FrameworkWhat is .Net Framework Common Language RuntimeCommon Language Runtime

AssembliesAssemblies Memory management in .NetMemory management in .Net Execution ModelExecution Model .Net security Model.Net security Model

ASP.NETASP.NET ADO.NETADO.NET

MetadataMetadataMetadataMetadata

IL IL Managed Managed

codecode

IL IL Managed Managed

codecode

ResourcesResourcesResourcesResources

myAssembly.dllmyAssembly.dll

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language RuntimeAssembliesAssemblies

Inside an AssemblyInside an Assembly

Single File AssemblySingle File Assembly

What are Assemblies ?What are Assemblies ?

Assemblies are the smallest unit of code Assemblies are the smallest unit of code distribution, deployment and versioningdistribution, deployment and versioning

ResourcesResources

MSILMSIL

MetaDataMetaData

ManifestManifest

ThisAssembly.dllThisAssembly.dll

ResourcesResources

MSILMSIL

MetaDataMetaData

ManifestManifest

ThisAssembly.dllThisAssembly.dll

MSILMSIL

MetadataMetadata

A.netmoduleA.netmodule

B.netmoduleB.netmodule

ManifestManifest(No Assembly Metadata)(No Assembly Metadata)

MSILMSIL

MetadataMetadata

ManifestManifest(No Assembly Metadata)(No Assembly Metadata)

Multi File AssemblyMulti File Assembly

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language RuntimeMetadataMetadata

Type informationType information more complete than IDL / TLBmore complete than IDL / TLB automatically bound into assemblyautomatically bound into assembly

inseparableinseparable stored in binary formatstored in binary format

describes every class typedescribes every class type

Type DescriptionsType Descriptions

ClassesClassesBase classesBase classesImplemented interfacesImplemented interfacesData membersData membersMethodsMethods

ClassesClassesBase classesBase classesImplemented interfacesImplemented interfacesData membersData membersMethodsMethods

NameNameVersionVersionCultureCulture

NameNameVersionVersionCultureCulture

Assembly ManifestAssembly Manifest

Other assembliesOther assembliesSecurity permissionsSecurity permissionsExported typesExported types

Other assembliesOther assembliesSecurity permissionsSecurity permissionsExported typesExported types

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language RuntimeMetadata in an AssemblyMetadata in an Assembly

AssemblyAssemblyHeadersHeaders

•PE PE

•CLRCLR

•Metadata (idata,text,etc)Metadata (idata,text,etc)

•ILIL

Common Language RuntimeCommon Language RuntimeApplicationsApplications

One or more assembliesOne or more assemblies Types Of AssembliesTypes Of Assemblies

PrivatePrivate Shared (placed in GAC)Shared (placed in GAC)

Different applications may use different versions of Different applications may use different versions of an assemblyan assembly easier software updateseasier software updates easier software removaleasier software removal

Assembly Assembly ProbingProbingWorking Directory(c:\…)Working Directory(c:\…)

Sub directory(C:\Assembly\…)Sub directory(C:\Assembly\…)

Named path(c:\path\..)Named path(c:\path\..)

Named Path SubdirectoryNamed Path Subdirectory

GACGAC

Registry IssuesRegistry Issues

•Versioning ?Versioning ?•DLL HELL ?DLL HELL ?•Side By Side Execution ?Side By Side Execution ?•InstallationInstallation•UninstallUninstall

GACGAC

AgendaAgenda

What is .Net FrameworkWhat is .Net Framework Common Language RuntimeCommon Language Runtime

AssembliesAssemblies Execution ModelExecution Model Memory management in .NetMemory management in .Net

ASP.NETASP.NET ADO.NETADO.NET

Automatic Memory Automatic Memory ManagementManagement

Garbage collection mechanismGarbage collection mechanism

Implicit Garbage collectionImplicit Garbage collection Explicit Garbage collectionExplicit Garbage collection

{Idispose Interface}{Idispose Interface}

Garbage collection mechanism Implicit Garbage collection Explicit Garbage collection

{Idispose Interface}

Memory ManagementMemory Management

MethodsMethodsFinalizeFinalizeCloseCloseDisposeDispose

Data structureData structureFinalizer ListFinalizer ListFreacheableFreacheable

GenerationGenerationssMax 3(0,1,2)Max 3(0,1,2)Weak refWeak refStrong RefStrong Ref

Refresher of Classic ASPRefresher of Classic ASP

•Server Side Pages containing HTML

•Dynamic Pages

•HTML Editors

<body bgColor="#00ff00">

<form id="Form1" method="post">

</form>

</body>

Refresher of Classic ASPRefresher of Classic ASP

Client Side Scripting (VB Script/Java Script) Validations Checks Range Checking Date Display

Blend of HTML (Design) and script (Logic)

Object Oriented Robust / Reusability Problem Redundancy

Problems with Classic ASPProblems with Classic ASP

Architecture of ASP.NETArchitecture of ASP.NET

Extension is *.aspx Is Represented by a unique C#

class (Code behind) <%@ Page Language =“C#”

Codebehind=“WebForm1.aspx.cs” ……. %>

Architecture of ASP.NETArchitecture of ASP.NET

Architecture of ASP.NETArchitecture of ASP.NET

Architecture of ASP.NETArchitecture of ASP.NET

Architecture of ASP.NETArchitecture of ASP.NET

Page_Load

YYY_Clicked

Page_Unload

ProcessRequestProcessRequest

XXX_Changed

Runtime CompilationRuntime Compilation

ASPXASPXFileFile

Request

ASPXASPX

EngineEngine

ParseParse

Gen’dGen’dPagePageClassClass

Generate

ResponseResponse

RequestRequest

InstantiateInstantiate

ResponseResponse

Code-Code-behindbehindclassclass

PagePage

ClassClass Instantiate, Instantiate, Process and Process and

RenderRender

CompileCompile

ASPNET_STATE

INETINFO

ASPNET_WP

Caching

HttpHandlersHttpHandlers

PagesPages Services Services

ASP.NET Modular ArchitectureASP.NET Modular Architecture

ASPNET_ISAPIASPNET_ISAPI

Authent Sessions SessionSessionStateStateHTTP RuntimeHTTP Runtime

HttpModulesHttpModules

1. Intrinsic Controls HTML controls’ counterparts

[Buttons, Textbox, List] 2. Rich Controls [AdRotator, Calendar] 3. Data-centril Controls [DataGrid: DataBindings]

Categories of WebForm ControlsCategories of WebForm Controls

Categories of WebForm ControlsCategories of WebForm Controls

Validation Controls CompareValidator CustomValidator RangeValidator RegularExpressionValidator RequiredFieldValidator ValidationSummary

ASP.Net Object ModelASP.Net Object Model

Request

Server

Application Session

HttpContext

Response

Environment in whichthe request is resolved

ASP.Net Object ModelASP.Net Object Model

Request

Server

Application

HttpContext

Response Session

Abstract version of the HTTP request made

by the client

ASP.Net Object ModelASP.Net Object Model

Request

Server

Application Session

HttpContext

Response

Various methods for convenience

ASP.Net Object ModelASP.Net Object Model

Request

Server

Application Session

HttpContext

Response

Stores variables with application scope (multiple requests from a single user)

ASP.Net Object ModelASP.Net Object Model

Request

Server

Application Session

HttpContext

Response

Stores variables with application scope (multiple

requests from multiple users)

ASP.Net Object ModelASP.Net Object Model

Request

Server

Application Session

HttpContext

Response

Stores variables with application scope (multiple

requests from multiple users)

ADO.NETADO.NET

Why ADO.NET?Why ADO.NET?

ADO works great, butADO works great, but Requires COM and WindowsRequires COM and Windows®®

Recordsets don’t travel well across the Recordsets don’t travel well across the InternetInternet

Connected behavior is hard to work withConnected behavior is hard to work with ADO.NET solves these problemsADO.NET solves these problems

Uses XML under the covers for all data Uses XML under the covers for all data transporttransport

XML has no runtime/transport requirementsXML has no runtime/transport requirements No special code required to marshal across the No special code required to marshal across the

InternetInternet ADO.NET requires new mindsetADO.NET requires new mindset

All data access disconnectedAll data access disconnected All data transport uses XMLAll data transport uses XML

Connected Or Disconnected?Connected Or Disconnected?

System.Data namespace contains System.Data namespace contains disconnected set of objectsdisconnected set of objects DataSet, DataTable, DataRow, and so onDataSet, DataTable, DataRow, and so on

Specific namespaces Specific namespaces (System.Data.OleDb and (System.Data.OleDb and System.Data.SqlClient) contain System.Data.SqlClient) contain connected objectsconnected objects SqlDataAdapter/OleDbDataAdapterSqlDataAdapter/OleDbDataAdapter SqlConnection/OleDbConnectionSqlConnection/OleDbConnection SqlDataReader/OleDbDataReaderSqlDataReader/OleDbDataReader

Connected Or Disconnected?Connected Or Disconnected?

With ADO, a fundamental question is:With ADO, a fundamental question is:Where is the data managed?Where is the data managed?

On the client?On the client? On the server?On the server? A mixture of the two?A mixture of the two?

The answer in ADO The answer in ADO … …it depends on the cursor you are it depends on the cursor you are

using.using. With ADO.NET:With ADO.NET:

Data is always on the client (via Data is always on the client (via DataSet) or on its way to the client (via DataSet) or on its way to the client (via IDataReader)IDataReader)

ADO.NET ArchitectureADO.NET Architecture

Business TierBusiness Tier Data TierData Tier

Presentation TierPresentation Tier

Windows Forms

Web Forms

Business to Business

Data Object (Class)

DataSet

DataSetDataSet

InternetInternetIntranetIntranet

Data AdapterData Adapter

Data AdapterData Adapter

(BizTalk, for example)

XML

MyApp.Exe

IE

ADO.NETADO.NETA

pp

lica

tio

nA

pp

lica

tio

n

OD

BC

Dri

ver

OD

BC

Dri

ver

ODBCODBCRDBMSRDBMSO

DB

CO

DB

COLE DBOLE DBRDBMSRDBMS

.NET Data Provider.NET Data Provider

ConnectionConnection

CommandCommand

Data ReaderData Reader

Data AdapterData Adapter

OL

E D

BO

LE

DB

OL

E D

B P

rovi

der

OL

E D

B P

rovi

der

SQL ServerSQL Server

ADO.NET ObjectsADO.NET Objects

ConnectionConnection Connects to data sourceConnects to data source

CommandCommand Executes SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE Executes SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE

and DELETE commandsand DELETE commands Data ReaderData Reader

Forward-only, read-only stream of Forward-only, read-only stream of datadata

Data AdapterData Adapter Connects a DataSet to a data sourceConnects a DataSet to a data source

XML SUPPORT

WHYWHY MICROSOFTMICROSOFT70M Systems are installed with .NET70M Systems are installed with .NET

IExplorer IExplorer NetscapeNetscape

SeacrhSeacrh

(Index 6 M)(Index 6 M)

GoogleGoogle

(Index 8M)(Index 8M)

Media PlayerMedia Player JetAudio, Real JetAudio, Real PlayerPlayer

XBOXXBOX PlaystationPlaystation

MS CRMMS CRM SiebelSiebel

MicrosoftMicrosoft DepartmentDepartment OthersOthers

Contact DetailContact Detail

Email : Email :

[email protected]

IM:IM:[email protected]

Group:Group:Groups.msn.com/InnoventorsGroups.msn.com/Innoventors