CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction The increasing demand of nurses all over the world greatly affects the decisions of the people. Though the news about the nurse’s jobs is getting scarce they still take the nursing course. And in order to become competitive among the millions of nursing students, one must start it in school through studying hard and retaining information. Bean and Metzner (1985) describe academic factors as student’s primary involvement with the academic process at the college and purports that among non traditional student’s academic factors are less important than environmental factors in influencing retention (Metzner and Bean, 1987). Academic Integration, sometimes been used to describe a cluster of academic factors that can influence retention, and has been defined as “the development of a strong affiliation with the college environment both inside and outside of class” (Nora, 1993 p. 235) For nursing students, the academic factors deemed most important for retention include Personal Study Skills, Study Hours, Attendance, Class Schedule and General Academic Services (college library, college counseling and computer library). Personal study skills, refers to specific elements, attitudes about the responsibility for study and effort expended on academic pursuits, affect nursing student retention through academic performance and psychological outcomes. Consistent with higher education, the increasingly academically diverse nursing 1
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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
The increasing demand of nurses all over the world greatly affects the decisions of the
people. Though the news about the nurse’s jobs is getting scarce they still take the nursing course.
And in order to become competitive among the millions of nursing students, one must start it in
school through studying hard and retaining information.
Bean and Metzner (1985) describe academic factors as student’s primary involvement
with the academic process at the college and purports that among non traditional student’s
academic factors are less important than environmental factors in influencing retention (Metzner
and Bean, 1987). Academic Integration, sometimes been used to describe a cluster of academic
factors that can influence retention, and has been defined as “the development of a strong
affiliation with the college environment both inside and outside of class” (Nora, 1993 p. 235)
For nursing students, the academic factors deemed most important for retention include
Personal Study Skills, Study Hours, Attendance, Class Schedule and General Academic Services
(college library, college counseling and computer library).
Personal study skills, refers to specific elements, attitudes about the responsibility for
study and effort expended on academic pursuits, affect nursing student retention through
academic performance and psychological outcomes. Consistent with higher education, the
increasingly academically diverse nursing student population presents with varying study skills
(Heller, Oros and Durney-Crowley, 2000; Tanner, 1998). Additionally, used of varied study skills
has been associated with better academic outcomes (Napoli & Wortman, 1998), which in turn
positively influence retention. Effort expended on planning and study activities yields better
academic outcome (Flowers, 2002).
In the NURS model, personal study hours refer to the number of hours allocated
exclusively to positive study activities in which positive study behaviors and attitudes are actively
used. In this model, students with more personal study hours are expected to have more positive
academic outcomes and retentions than will students with inadequate personal study hours.
Adequate study hours are individually based and are defined as the least number of personal
study hours needed to achieve the short-term academic outcomes (passing exam, completing
accurate care plan, etc.) and long-term academic outcomes (successfully completing nursing
course components).
1
The Metzner and Bean (1987) model included absenteeism as an academic variable
influencing attrition; however, the NURS model focuses on attendance. Nevertheless, the
literature regarding attendance reveals several interesting phenomena that are relevant for nursing
education. First, attendance (or absenteeism) should be monitored to help identify at-risk
students. Second, attendance should be monitored in relation to other variables with the purpose
of identifying students most at risk for attrition. In nursing, attendance is somewhat more
complex than it is among the general college population. Consequently, students may not
comprehend, value, or expect rigid attendance policies will be upheld, especially among
beginning students who have had no prior exposure to nursing courses.
Attendance may be further differentiated between various nursing course components
such as theoretical (classroom hours), skills laboratory, and/or clinical hours. Clearly, clinical
attendance is a valuable dimension to learning and assists the student in connecting theoretical
information, nursing skills, and client’s competency. Absences create complicated disadvantages;
attendance creates valuable advantages. Attendance needs to be viewed in relation to other
variables and to the other dimensions of the NURS model if at risk students are to be identified
early.
Availability of courses, flexibility of courses, and convenience are factors that can
influence retention through academic and psychological outcomes (Bean and Metzner, 1985;
Burr, Burr, & Novak, 1999). Consistently, across three study samples, most nursing students have
identified “class schedule” as influencing retention. Responses ranged from “severely restrictive”
to “greatly supportive” (Jeffreys, 1993, 1998, 2000, 2002). Class schedule is included in the
NURS model because students’ perceptions of class schedule, with its physical demands and time
constraints can influence retention positively or negatively and in varying degrees. Students’
perception of class schedule is the most important aspect to assess.
General academic services are designed to assist students with their academic goals and
are available to all college students, regardless of academic major. They include the library,
counseling, and computer laboratories.
General academic services that are convenient accessible, and helpful will encourage
more active use of these support services.
The assessment of nursing students’ perceptions of general academic services is valuable
(Lehna, Jackonen, & Wilson, 1996). Greater, comprehensive use of services, in conjunction with
other academic factors, positively influences retention by enhancing academic and psychological
outcomes. For example, maximizing use of various library services appropriate to course
objectives can assist with improved study skills and academic integration, thus enhancing
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retention. Counseling services have shown to be beneficial to nursing student academic and
psychological outcomes (Lehna et at., 1996). Higher education literature reports that counseled
students have higher rates than non-counseled students (Turner & Berry, 2000; Wilson, Mason, &
Ewing, 1997), Kraemer (1997) stated that commuter students who frequently use computer
laboratory facilities on campus are more involved in cognitive development than are other
students; enhanced cognitive development enhances retention.
Also according to a journal of The Canadian Nurse; Mar 1, 2003 by BOLAN,
CHRISTINE M. and GRAINGER, PATRICIA “Success in nursing programs influenced by such
academic factors as overall. Similarly, non-academic factors associated attrition from nursing
programs perception of nursing as a career. (12) Other non-academic factors in attrition...” this
article states that nursing programs become successful in retaining information to their learners
by the influence of the academic factors.
This study aimed to determine the academic factors such as hospital performance,
strategic studying, personal study skills, attendance, and class schedule and identify whether these
factors could distinguish differences among students, based on academic performance in the
experiential program.
Conceptual Framework
Figure 1
3
Performance of the students who attended their hospital duties before Lecture
Performance of the students who attended Lecture before having their hospital duties
RLE performance grade according to their clinical instructor
Affects their performance during their clinical duty by utilizing this academic factor to improved their knowledge and concepts about hospital skills
Academic factorsPersonal Study SkillAttendanceGeneral Academic ServicesStudy HoursClass Schedule
Most common academic factor affecting the RLE of the 4rth year nursing student
INPUT
→ Academic Factors which affect the RLE performance of 4th Year Nursing Students.
OUTPUT
→ Ameliorate the RLE performance of the 4th Year Nursing Students
PROCESS
→ Identify the Academic Factors affecting the RLE performance of 4thYear Nursing Students.
→ Note the effects of this Academic Factors.
→ Test the significant relationship of Academic Factors with the RLE performance of 4th year Nursing Students.
Research Paradigm
Figure 2
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to determine “Academic Factors Affecting the RLE Performance of the
Selected 4th Year Nursing Students in Our Lady of Fatima University”.
Specifically, it sought to answers the following questions:
1. What were the most common academic factors that greatly influenced the RLE of the 4 th
year nursing students?
2. How did these academic factors affect the RLE performance of the 4 th year nursing
student’s scale during their Hospital duty hours?
3. What were the results of their performance in their hospital duty hours?
4. Is there a significant relationship between the academic factors and the RLE performance
of the 4th year nursing student during their hospital duty hours?
5. Is there a significant difference between the grades of the students who attended hospital
duties before lecture and those who had their lecture before having their hospital duties?
Hypotheses:
There is no significant relationship between the academic factors and the RLE
performance of the 4th year nursing students.
There is no significant difference between the grades of the students during their Lecture
class hours and during their hospital duty hours.
4
CHAPTER II
METHODS OF RESEARCH AND PROCEDURES
This chapter discusses the procedures to be done by the researchers to attain their needed
data. This includes the Research Design, Scope and Delimitations, Population and Locale
of the Study, Sampling Design, Data Gathering Procedure and Treatment of Data.
Research Design
Survey Research was used in the study to determine the performance of the students. This
was conducted through a paper-pen questionnaire. Here, the researchers used questionnaires and
photocopies of the RLE record book of the students for measuring instrument in collecting data
and to determine the academic factors affecting their RLE performance of the selected 4 th year
nursing students in Our Lady of Fatima University.
Population and Locale of the Study
The researchers chose respondents in the 4 th year level following a certain criteria. That
the respondents should have their record grades of Nursing Care Management (NCM) 101 and
102 to use as the basis of this research study. Fifty (50) respondents were used in this study. The
respondents were composed of 31 students who attended lecture first before their duties and 19
students who attended their duties first before lecture.
The locale of this study was in Our Lady of Fatima University—Lagro, Quezon City.
This was conducted in the 1st semester of the year 2008-2009.
Data Gathering Tools
The primary tool used in this study was Questionnaire. Because this was a simplified
questions addressed to the respondents. In part 1 of the questionnaire multiple choice type of
question was used to determine the respondent’s preference. Then in part 2 of the questionnaire,
the researchers used Likert scale to show the amount of agreement and disagreement of the
respondents.
5
NORMS:
5 – Strongly Agree
4 – Agree
3 – Moderately Agree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
For the RLE performance grade of the 4th year nursing students, the NCM 101 and 102
were taken. The following norms were used:
Data Gathering Procedure
The first step done by the researchers was to select for the potential respondents of these
study. The researchers took samples through Non-Probability scheme. They used Quota Sampling
which was a type of Non-probability Sampling. In a non-randomized form, the researchers
selected the respondents from the cross-section of the population. A helped from friends and
relatives of the researchers who were also 4th year nursing students were sought to identify and
locate the respondents of this study. Thus the identification of the respondents became purposive
and chain referral at the same time.
After they had identified and located the respondents, the researcher approached and
visited them personally to introduced herself, build rapport and stated the objectives of their
study. The respondents agreed to participate in the study.
A questionnaire was given to answer. They were also asked whether they can photocopy
their RLE performance grade. All the respondents were assured that their grades and response
were appreciated and treated confidentially.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The researchers compiled and tabularized all the data to organize the RLE grades of the
selected 4th year nursing students. They also used questionnaires and photocopied RLE grades of
the fifty (50) 4th year nursing students as respondents.
The statistics used were the relative frequency (rf), standard deviation (SD) and the t-test
for the difference of the NCM 101 and 102 of the RLE grades the students and to the significant
relationship of their academic factors and the RLE performance. Additionally, the researchers had
chosen the Pearson r Formula for their research study.
This is to submit herewith the list of proposed research titles of Group 3, BSN 3C1-4, Saturday / 4:30 pm – 7:30 pm for your favorable consideration and approval.
*1. Academic Factors Affecting the RLE Performance of the Selected 4 th Year Nursing Students in Our Lady of Fatima University.
2. Psychological Effects of Forceful Taking of Nursing Course to the Student’s Eagerness’ to Study in Our Lady of Fatima University.
3. Cognitive Aspects in the Learning Skills of 3rd year Nursing Students Before and After their Hospital Duties in Relation to Sleep Duration.
4. Psychological Effects of having a Special Child to a Family as Perceived by the Parent in Selected Schools in Quezon City.
5. Physiological Changes Caused by Irregular Sleeping Habits among Nursing Students at Our Lady of Fatima University in Quezon City.
Very truly yours,
MARY ANNE R. SAMSON Leader: Group 3
APPENDIX E
28
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY# 1 Esperanza Street Hilltop Mansion Heights
Lagro, Quezon City
____________________
Mrs. Theresa DomingoCoordinator—Math DepartmentOLFU—Quezon City
Madam:
I have the honor to request your good self to be the statistician of our group (3C1-4 Nursing Research 4:30-7:30 pm, 1st semester, school year 2008-2009)
In this connection, may I submit the following proposed titles for your favorable consideration and approval:
*1. Academic Factors Affecting the RLE Performance of the Selected 4 th Year Nursing Students in Our Lady of Fatima University.
2. Psychological Effects of Forceful Taking of Nursing Course to the Student’s Eagerness’ to Study in Our Lady of Fatima University.
3. Cognitive Aspects in the Learning Skills of 3rd year Nursing Students Before and After their Hospital Duties in Relation to Sleep Duration.
4. Psychological Effects of having a Special Child to a Family as Perceived by the Parent in Selected Schools in Quezon City.
5. Physiological Changes Caused by Irregular Sleeping Habits among Nursing Students at Our Lady of Fatima University in Quezon City.
Very truly yours, Noted:
MARY ANNE R. SAMSON MRS. ROMELA CRUZ Leader: Group 3 Instructor, Nursing Research
APPENDIX F
29
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY#1 Esperanza St., Hilltop Mansion Heights
Lagro, Quezon City
______________________
Nelia R. Capulong, RN MANDean, College of NursingOLFU- Regalado Ave. Fairview QC
Madam,
This is to submit herewith the list of proposed research titles (3 rd Group, BSN 3C1-4, Saturday 4:30 pm – 7:30 pm) for your favorable consideration and approval.
*1. Academic Factors Affecting the RLE Performance of the Selected 4 th Year Nursing Students in Our Lady of Fatima University.
Very Truly Yours,
MARY ANNE R. SAMSONLeader: Group 3
Noted:
Mrs. Nelia R. Capulong, RN MAN Dean, College of Nursing
APPENDIX G
30
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY# 1 Esperanza Street Hilltop Mansion Heights
Lagro, Quezon City
________________________
Ramonita A. SalazarDean, College of Arts & ScienceOLFU- Lagro, Fairview QC
Madam,
This is to submit herewith the list of proposed research titles (3 rd Group, BSN 3C1-4, Saturday 4:30 pm – 7:30 pm) for your favorable consideration and approval.
*1. Academic Factors Affecting the RLE Performance of the Selected 4 th Year Nursing Students in Our Lady of Fatima University.
2. Psychological Effects of Forceful Taking of Nursing Course to the Student’s Eagerness’ to Study in Our Lady of Fatima University.
3. Cognitive Aspects in the Learning Skills of 3rd year Nursing Students Before and After their Hospital Duties in Relation to Sleep Duration.
4. Psychological Effects of having a Special Child to a Family as Perceived by the Parent in Selected Schools in Quezon City.
5. Physiological Changes Caused by Irregular Sleeping Habits among Nursing Students at Our Lady of Fatima University in Quezon City.
Very Truly Yours,
SAMSON, MARY ANNE R.Leader, Group 3
Noted:
Ramonita A. Salazar Ed. DDean, College of Arts & Science
APPENDIX H
31
OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITYLagro, Quezon City
September 23, 2008Dear Respondents;
We are presently conducting a study on “Academic Factors affecting the RLE Performance of the Selected 4th Year Nursing Students in Our Lady of Fatima University”.
This questionnaire serves as an instrument to complete this research study. In this regard, the researchers are earnestly requesting your participation to answer the attached questionnaire.
Your answer will be highly appreciated by the researchers. Tank you for the time and effort you lend. May our God bless you!
3. Utilizing this academic factor improved your ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )hospital performance rating.
4. Attending lectures is a pre-requisite to actual ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )hospital duties.
5. The performance rating of students who attended ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )lecture sessions before having their RLE isbetter than those who had their duty before attending lecture hours.
CURRICULUM VITAE
32
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Samson, Mary Ann Ramos
DATE OF BIRTH : November 11, 1989
PLACE OF BIRTH : Mandaluyong City
ADDRESS : Block 29 Lot 14 Phase 3 Dela Costa Homes II Novaliches Caloocan City
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in NursingOur Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon City
SECONDARY : Saint Anthony Nova SchoolMangga St. Amparo, Novaliches Caloocan City – 2006
ELEMENTARY : Saint Anthony Nova SchoolMangga St. Amparo, Novaliches Caloocan City – 2002
III. Civil Service Eligibility: N/A
IV. Work Experience: N/A
V. Seminars Attended:
VASCULAR DISORDERSTheme: “Compare the Various Diseases of the Vessels”SJB 603, Our Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon CityJanuary 14, 2008
HALAMANG GAMOTTheme: “Araw – araw Kalusugan ay PAGYAMANIN SITIO KISLAP ating “BUHAYINSitio Kislap CourtMarch 3, 2008
I. Personal Data:
33
NAME : Abubo, Michelle T.
DATE OF BIRTH : May 24, 1982
PLACE OF BIRTH : Quezon, City
ADDRESS : Block 4 Lot 4 Amlac Ville Payatas B.
II. Educational Attainment:
GRADUATE : National College of Business and Arts- 2003
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in NursingOur Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon City
SECONDARY : Lagro High School (Payatas Annex)Payatas, Quezon City – 1998
ELEMENTARY : Saint Vincent Rolling Hills SchoolQuezon City- 1995
III. Civil Service Eligibility:N/A
IV. Work Experience:
SM Department Store – FairviewCashier – October – March 2004
Faculty, Holy Spirit of Mount CarmelJune – March 2005
SM Supermarket – FairviewCashier – November – April 2006
Social Service Development Department – Quezon City HallClerk – September – May 2007
V. Seminars Attended:
34
BLOBAL CAMPAIGN AGAINST TERRORISM FOR POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVEPOLMENTMini Theater Building – NCBASeptember 25, 2002
SYMPOSIUMTheme: “Speak Your Mind”Mini Theater – National College of Business AdministrationFebruary 27, 2002
KNOWLEDGE POWER AGAINSTS CANCER SEMINARSJB 505 – Our Lady of Fatima University, Lagro Quezon CityApril 23, 2008
35
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Enorme, Jerrie Misthy Narca
DATE OF BIRTH : May 20, 1990
PLACE OF BIRTH : Makati City
ADDRESS : # 48 Caridad St. Hilltop Mansion Heights Lagro, Quezon City
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in NursingOur Lady of Fatima University
SECONDARY : Don Antonio De Zuzuarregui Sr. Memorial AcademyAntipolo – 2006
ELEMENTARY : Francisco Benitez Elementary SchoolMakati, Metro Manila – (1996 – 1999)
Bagong Nayon II Elementary SchoolAntipolo City – (1999 – 2002)
III. Civil Service Eligibility: N/A
IV. Work Experience: N/A
V. Seminars Attended:
CARDIAC DISEASESSJB 603, Our Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon CityJanuary 7, 2008
HALAMANG GAMOTTheme: “Araw – araw Kalusugan ay PAGYAMANIN SITIO KISLAP ating “BUHAYINSitio Kislap CourtMarch 3, 2008
36
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Jaum, Mark Vincent S.
DATE OF BIRTH : November 28, 2008
PLACE OF BIRTH : Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City
ADDRESS : Block 93 Lot 33 Adela St. Brgy. Rizal, Makati City
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Our Lady of Fatima University
SECONDARY : Pateros National High School
Pateros – 2006
ELEMENTARY : Camiling Central Elementary School
Camiling, Tarlac - 2002
III. Civil Service Eligibility: N/A
IV. Work Experience: N/A
V. Seminars Attended:
TUBERCULOSIS
Our Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon City
January 31, 2008
Heart Diseases: MID,CAD
OLFU-Lagro, QC
Jan. 10, 2008
37
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Mabeza, Lorelyn Sta. Maria
DATE OF BIRTH : April 05, 1990
PLACE OF BIRTH : Ipo Dam Norzagaray, Bulacan
ADDRESS : # 0162 Manggahan St. Bigte Norzagaray, Bulacan
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in nursing
Our Lady of Fatima University
SECONDARY : Curvada Minuyan High School
Norzagaray, Bulacan - 2006
ELEMENTARY : Timoteo Poliarpio Memorial Elementary School
Norzagaray, Bulacan - 2002
III. Civil Service Eligibility: N/A
IV. Work Experience: N/A
V. Seminars Attended:
Tuberculosis
Our Lady of Fatima University
Jan. 31, 2008
38
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Rocero, Darwin Carmelo
DATE OF BIRTH : July 16, 1989
PLACE OF BIRTH : Sapang Palay Emergency Hospital
ADDRESS : Block 43 Lot 3 SJDM Bulacan
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Our Lady of Fatima University
SECONDARY : Colegio De San Gabriel Arcangel
Area E Fatima SJDM, Bulacan – 2006
ELEMENTARY : Colegio De San Gabriel Arcangel
Area E Fatima SJDM, Bulacan – 2002
III. Civil Service Eligibility: N/A
IV. Work Experience: N/A
V. Seminars Attended:
VASCULAR DISORDERS
Theme: “Compare the Various Diseases of the Vessels”
SJB 603, Our Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon City
39
January 14, 2008
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Salinas, Divine Grace G.
DATE OF BIRTH : February 16, 1986
PLACE OF BIRTH : Manila
ADDRESS : Block 1 Lot 18 Palosapis St. Amparo Subdivision, Caloocan City
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Our Lady of Fatima University
SECONDARY : Saint Anthony Nova School
Mangga St. Amparo, Novaliches Caloocan City – 2003
ELEMENTARY : Amparo Subdivision Caloocan City
1999
III. Civil Service Eligibility:
IV. Work Experience:
V. Seminars Attended:
Tuberculosis
Our Lady of Fatima University
Jan. 31, 2008
40
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Soliven, Phoebe Anne Nipal
DATE OF BIRTH : October 7, 1990
PLACE OF BIRTH :
ADDRESS : Block 6 Lot 25 Valencia St. Pamahay Homes Novaliches
Quezon City
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Our Lady of Fatima University
SECONDARY :
ELEMENTARY :
III. Civil Service Eligibility: N/A
IV. Work Experience: N/A
V. Seminars Attended:
PNUEMONIA and TUBERCULOSIS
SJB 603, Our Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon City
January 21, 2008
HALAMANG GAMOT
Theme: “Araw – araw Kalusugan ay PAGYAMANIN SITIO KISLAP ating “BUHAYIN
Sitio Kislap Court
March 3, 2008
41
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Tumolva, Raiza Loise Cabrera
DATE OF BIRTH : October 6, 1989
PLACE OF BIRTH : Tumauini, Isabela
ADDRESS : 106 – E Ilang – Ilang St. Interior Batasan Hills, Quezon City
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in NursingOur Lady of Fatima University
SECONDARY : Regional Science High SchoolTumauini, Isabela – 2006
ELEMENTARY : Tumauini North Central SchoolTumauini, Isabela – 2002
III. Civil Service Eligibility: N/A
IV. Work Experience: N/A
V. Seminars Attended:
CARDIAC DISEASESSJB 603, Our Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon CityJanuary 7, 2008
HALAMANG GAMOTTheme: “Araw – araw Kalusugan ay PAGYAMANIN SITIO KISLAP ating “BUHAYINSitio Kislap CourtMarch 3, 2008
42
I. Personal Data:
NAME : Villahermosa, Maria Sarah Czarina Roman
DATE OF BIRTH : February 21, 1990
PLACE OF BIRTH : San Lorenzo Hospital Novaliches, Quezon City
ADDRESS : Lot 4 Block 101 Pangarap Village 2 Caloocan City
II. Educational Attainment:
COLLEGE : Bachelor of Science in NursingOur Lady of Fatima University
SECONDARY : Saint Anthony Nova School2003 – 2006
Our Lady of the Holy Rosary2002 – 2003
ELEMENTARY : Our Lady of the Holy Rosary Academy2002
III. Civil Service Eligibility: N/A
IV. Work Experience: N/A
V. Seminars Attended:
LUNG, PROSTATE, BREAST CANCERTheme: “Say no to Cancer, Yes to Healthy Lifestyle”SJB 603, Our Lady of Fatima University – Lagro, Quezon CityJanuary 28, 2008
HALAMANG GAMOTTheme: “Araw – araw Kalusugan ay PAGYAMANIN SITIO KISLAP ating “BUHAYINSitio Kislap CourtMarch 3, 2008