Thermodynamics of the Biological Energy System › news › symposium › RRW2014 › shiryo › 5-1.pdf · Thermodynamics of the Biological Energy System Thermodynamics of the Biological

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10

RADEBOLD IngenieurbüroBerlin / Germany

Thermodynamics of the Biological Energy System


Dr. Reinhart Radebold

in cooperation with Dr. Walter Radebold

fig. 1

Contact: RADEBOLD IngenieurbüroQuastenhornweg 14aD-14089 BerlinMail: [email protected]

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



Agenda:

1. How does the biological energy system works in view of thermodynamics?

2. Why did we start to understand the biological energy system?

3. What are the conclusions for establishing a bionic energy system?

fig. 2

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



a

BES (1) → TES → NES → ? → BES (2) → TBES

BES (1) : Biological Energy System - role for our life, now and in it`s past

TES : Technical Energy System - role for our life, thermodynamics

NES : Nuclear Energy System - terrestrial atoms for peace

? : Point of No Return

BES (2) : Biological Energy System - thermodynamic analysis

TBES : Technical - Biological Energy System - concept and results.

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



electro-magnetic fields

(Sucrose + H2O)+12O2

sources for exergy: solar nuclear fusion-reactions

ch-em

{C12H22O11 + H2O} + 12 3O2

sinks for exergy:organelles and organs

em-ch

ch-em

work + anergy produced


fig. 3.1

hum

an a

nd

zool

ogic

al

orga

nism

s

bota

nica

l org

anis

ms

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



photosynthesis:= storage of electro-magnetic field exergy

in electro-magnetic-to-chemical converters

surcrose = final product of field exergy storage

respiration:= release of electromagnetic field exergy in

chemo-to-electro-magnetical converters



sources for exergy: solar nuclear fusion-reactions

ch-em

{C12H22O11 + H2O} + 12 3O2

sinks for exergy:organelles and organs

em-ch

ch-em



fig. 3.2

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



exergyThermal energy of a working fluid Twork = 2.5 * Tamb

Chemical energy of fossil reactants ∆G-T∆S(average)

Electro-magnetic field energy h*ν, U*I = 100% exergy

= 90% exergy

= 60% exergy

= 0% exergyThermal energy of the ambience Twork = Tamb anergy

Energy energy

fig. 4

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



acquisition of carriers of exergy from sources

internal distribution of exergy

conversion of exergy into forms as required

storage of carriers of exergy if possible

transfer of carriers of exergy to customers

work anergy

sources for exergy

sinks for exergy (converters of customers)

carrier of exergy

carrier of exergy

convertersof the given

energysystem

fig. 5

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



b








JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



fuels



sources for exergy: solar fusion-reactions

ch-em

{C12H22O11 + H2O} + 12 3O2

sinks for exergy

em-ch

ch-em



th-me

~20%



carrier: thermal energy

~80%

fuels

thermo-mechanical converters

coal, gas, oil

fig. 6

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



c








JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



solar fusion-reactions

th-me

terrestrial fission-reactions

sinks for exergy



ch-em

{C12H22O11 + H2O} + 12 3O2

em-ch

ch-em



thermal energy



fig. 7

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



Nuclear „MHD-Staustrahlrohr“ (MHD ram jet) for space applications (AEG)

fig. 8

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



Liquid-metal MHD-System (AEG):above: stator of inductive MHD-generatorbelow: thermodynamic drive for MHD-generator Heater to replace nuclear fission reactor

fig. 9

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



d








JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



solar fusion-reactions

terrestrial fission-reactions

sinks for exergy



ch-em

{C12H22O11 + H2O} + 12 3O2

em-ch

ch-em



thermal energy



th-em

{2 H2 + O2}

em-ch

ch-em

fig. 10

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



fig. 11

Assumptions :

Efficiency of nuclear power plant = 0,35

Efficiency of electrolysis = 0,65

Efficiency of 2 H2/O2 fuel cells = 0,65

Overall efficiency of a full nuclear thermal-electric system (withoutradio-active waste management and H2-logistics)

= 0,15

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



“Power and water from sun and sea“, Sinai (Red Sea) (own Company)

fig. 12

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



e








JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



3




1

2

1*

3*

2*

1*

3*

2*

{C12H22O11 + H2O} + 12 3O2

absorption

storage

logistics

absorption

release

logistics

sinks


fig. 13

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



3




1

2

1*

3*

2*

1*

3*

2*

{C12H22O11 + H2O} + 12 3O2

8 5392 8465 693

5 6935 6935 693 2 846

5 6934 270

4 2705 693

5 693

1 423

product of storage

fluxes of exergy in kJ/mol formula conversion

sinks: organs + organelles

Sources for exergy: solar fusion-reactions

fig. 14

absorption

storage

logistics

absorption

release

logistics

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



f








JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10




3




1

2

1*

3*

2*

1*

3*

2*

{C12H22O11 + H2O} + 12 3O2

8 5392 8465 693

5 6935 6935 693 2 846

sinks: organs + organelles

5 6934 270

4 2705 693

5 693

1 423

product of storage

fluxes of exergy in kJ/mol formula conversion

10 674

10 674

10 674

10 674

12 (NH2)2 + 24 H2O2

consumer

fig. 15

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10



fig. 16

Summary:

1. A bionic energy system does not need to transfer and distribute oxygen O in the gaseous state of O2 via the atmosphere like the biological energy system : In the contrary H2O2 as a primary liquid product of redox-reactions transfers electro-magnetic field exergy in combination with 2H.

2. Calculation of reaction data for the bionic system confirm the much higher flux of exergy, combined with an exergetic efficiency ϕ = 1,0 .

3. The bionic systems technical construction including (NH2)2 / 2 H2O2- chemo-electric converters (fuel cells) will lower the exergetic efficiency to about 0,7 (much higher than any the terrestrial nuclear system because of its limitations by the Carnot-factor).

4.The bionic energy system will be a modular, decentralized system, solving the CO2-problem as well as that of radio-active waste management.

JAEA Conference2014-10-09 - 2014-10-10




Dr. Reinhart Radebold

in cooperation with Dr. Walter Radebold

Thank You for Your Attention!

fig. 17

Thermodynamics of the Biological Energy System › news › symposium › RRW2014 › shiryo › 5-1.pdf · Thermodynamics of the Biological Energy System Thermodynamics of the Biological

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