THERMAL IMAGING CAMERA Presented by Pushpendra Kr. Singh 2011CRF2279
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THERMAL IMAGING CAMERA
Presented by
Pushpendra Kr. Singh
2011CRF2279
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Flow of presentation
• What is thermal imaging
• Infrared radiation
•
Thermal imaging camera components• Image interpretation
• Types o TIC
• Specification of TIC• Application
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Thermal Imaging
• Thermal Imaging is :
– Detection of Infrared Radiation
– Translation of the detected energy levels into a
viewable image
• It is a way to look at the “Heat Signature” of
an object or person
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IR Radiation
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Infrared Subdivision
As per International Commission on
Illumination Infrared is subdivided as :
– IR-A: 0.7 µm – 1.4 µm
– IR-B: 1.4 µm – 3 µm
– IR-C: 3 µm – 1000 µm
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A commonly used sub-division
scheme
• Near-infrared 0.78-1.4 µm in wavelength, can’t seethrough smoke, used in fiber optic telecommunicationbecause of low attenuation losses in the SiO2 glass (silica)
medium.
• Short-wavelength infrared : 1.4-3 µm, water absorptionincreases significantly at 1,450 nm. The 1,530 to 1,560 nmrange is the dominant spectral region for long-distance
telecommunications
• Mid-wavelength infrared : 3-8 µm. Used in IR homingheads of guided missile (passive heat seeking missiles)
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Continued…
• Long-wavelength infrared : 8 –15 µm. This is the
"thermal imaging" region, in which sensors can
obtain a completely passive picture of the outside
world based on thermal emissions only andrequiring no external light or thermal source such
as the sun, moon or infrared illuminator.
• Far infrared (FIR): 15 - 1,000 µm. Used in far
infrared laser.
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Basic Components of TIC
Lens
IR Waves
Display Screen
Electronic Signal
Signal Processor
IR Detector
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Thermograms
Thermogram of a Lion
Thermogram of a Dog
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Image Interpretation
•Hottest Objects : White or Light Shades
• Coolest Objects : Black or Darker Shades
• Display is relative to the area viewed i.e. Thermal Contrast
– How well objects stand out from one another, related to
detector sensitivity and the variance of temperature in
objects being viewed
– Objects that have a high temperature variation, in relation
to the surrounding background, can be seen at greater
distances.
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Image Interpretation
High Contrast
Background and victim are distinct shades – Betterimage of the Victim
Low Contrast
Background is faded together,
victim is almost the same shade as
the background
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Types of TICs
• There are two common types of thermal-
imaging devices:
– Uncooled
– Cryogenically cooled
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Specifications of TIC
• Number of pixels
• Minimum resolvable temperature
difference (MRTD)• Field of view
• Dynamic range
•Mass and volume
• Scan rate
• Cost
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Applications of TIC
• Night vision
• Fire fighting operations
• Military and police target detection & acquisition
• Predictive maintenance (early failure warning) onmechanical & electrical equipment.
• Moisture detection in walls & roofs.
•Non-destructive testing.
• Search & rescue operation.
• Medical testing for diagnosis
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References
• http://www.flir.com
• Paper on Infrared radiation by Lynn Bryant
•
Wikipedia• www.docstop.com
• Principles of Thermal imaging by Jacob
Thompson