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Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators
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Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Dec 24, 2015

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Page 1: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Thermal Energy Transfer

Conductors &

Insulators

Page 2: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Essential Standard

• 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and energy.

Page 3: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Clarifying Objective

• 6.P .3.3Explain the suitability of materials for use in technological design based on a response to heat (to include conduction, expansion, and contraction) and electrical energy (conductors and insulators).

Page 4: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Essential Questions

• What are examples of INSULATORS?

• What are examples of CONDUCTORS?

• How does electrical & thermal energy move through conductors?

• Why does electrical & thermal energy NOT move through INSULATORS?

Page 5: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Electrical Energy

• To understand how conductors & insulators work we have to understand atoms

• If you remember atoms are the smallest pieces of matter

• They make up everything except photons (which are part of an atom)

Page 6: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

What is Electricity

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZAFW4zdXpbY

Page 7: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Atoms• Atoms have a nucleus & an

outer valence

• In the nucleus & outer valence atoms are composed of 3 things

• Protons- positively charged particles inside the nucleus

• Neutrons- particles that have no electric charge inside the nucleus

Page 8: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Atoms• Electrons- negatively charged

particles on the Outer Valance

• Atoms will usually have the same number (equal) of protons & electrons to balance themselves out

• Sometimes though there becomes more protons than electrons and then the atom becomes + charged

Page 9: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Excited Ions• The outermost electrons can

escape away from the atom when it slams into another atom

• When the electron escapes now the there are more protons than electrons and the atom has a + charge

• An atom that has a + charge is called an ion

• Because there are more protons + than electrons the atom gets excited and vibrates

Page 10: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Jumping Electrons

• When electrons escape it goes to the next atom

• This will cause the electron in the next atom to jump to a different atom

Page 11: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Jumping Electrons

Page 12: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Jumping Electrons = Electricity Transfer (Heat/Thermal Energy Transfer)

• When the electron has jumped atoms from one side to another it has passed electricity

• This is how we get our power/electricity in our houses

Page 13: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Essential Questions

• Get with a partner and answer…

• How does electrical & thermal energy move through conductors?

Page 14: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Conductors & Insulators Opposite

• Conductors are Insulators OPPOSITES from each other

• This means if a material is a good conductor it is a bad insulator

• If a material is a good insulator it is a bad conductor

Page 15: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Conductors

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qUhxmXZwPmg

• 4:30-7:15

Page 16: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Conductors

• Conductors are solids that energy can travel through

• This could be thermal energy (heat) electrical energy or other energy

• There are good conductors & bad conductors

Page 17: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Good Conductors

• Good conductors are solids that have atoms that are very dense

• The more dense the atoms the better conductors they will be

• This is because the atoms are more tightly compacted together

Page 18: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Good Conductors

• Good conductors atoms are close enough to each other that the electrons can bounce from one atom to the next passing the heat or electricity

Page 19: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Bad Conductors• Bad conductors of electricity &

thermal energy exist in three different forms

• Gasses are bad conductors because the particles are so far apart from each other

• Liquids are bad conductors for the same reason

• Solids that are not dense are also bad conductors

Page 20: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Why are They Bad Conductors

• These are all bad conductors because the atom particles are not dense and they cant jump from atom to atom

• The worst kind of conductor is actually called an insulator

Page 21: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Insulators

• Insulators are materials used to keep heat & sound contained inside something

• Insulators keep heat inside something

• Insulators keep electricity inside something

Page 22: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Insulator

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qUhxmXZwPmg

• 7:15-8:15

Page 23: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Essential Questions

• Get with a partner and answer…

• Why does electrical & thermal energy NOT move through INSULATORS?

Page 24: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Good Insulators

• Good insulators will NOT allow electrons to move from one end to another

• They trap the electrons keeping the heat or electricity inside something

Page 25: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

What makes a Good Insulator• Materials that have many

different types of atoms make good insulators (Styrofoam cups)

• This is because the DIFFERENT types of atoms BOND together

• Now not only are the atoms are the same connected together but also those atoms are forming BONDS to other types of atoms

Page 26: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

What makes a Good Insulator

• This forms a wall and does not allow the electrons to escape from one atom to the next

• If the electrons cant escape the neither the thermal energy or electrical energy can be transferred

Page 27: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Great Conductors

• Have to be solids

• Metals from the periodic table are the best because they are just one kind of atom & very dense– Copper– Aluminum– Gold– Silver– People & Animals

Page 28: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Great Insulators

• Solid nonmetals that are NOT DENSE– Styrofoam– koozies– Rubber– Plastic– Glass– Ceramic/Porcelain– Clothing

Page 29: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

Essential Questions

• Get with a partner and answer…

• What are examples of INSULATORS?

• What are examples of CONDUCTORS?

Page 30: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

EOG Questions

• Why are some coffee cups composed of ceramic material?

• A) Ceramic materials are conductors that limit heat transfer.

• B) Ceramic materials are insulators that limit heat transfer.

• C) Ceramic materials are conductors that aid heat transfer.

• D) Ceramic materials are insulators that aid heat transfer.

Page 31: Thermal Energy Transfer Conductors & Insulators. Essential Standard 6.P.3 Understand characteristics of energy transfer and interactions of matter and.

EOG Questions• A worker for an electrical company is preparing to fix a power line.

Why would he put on rubber gloves before working with any power lines?

• A) Rubber is a poor conductor of heat but a good conductor of electricity.

• B) Rubber is a good conductor of heat but a poor conductor of electricity.

• C) Rubber is a poor conductor of heat and electricity.

• D) Rubber is a good conductor of heat and electricity.