Therapeutic exercises at diseases of respiratory system

Therapeutic exercises at Therapeutic exercises at diseases of respiratorydiseases of respiratory systemsystem

Causes of the respiratory diseasesCauses of the respiratory diseases::

aa) ) Limiting of the chest and lungs Limiting of the chest and lungs mobilitymobility;;

bb) ) Disorders of the respiratory Disorders of the respiratory ways passage ways passage ; ;

cc) ) Decreasing of lungs respiratory Decreasing of lungs respiratory surface surface ;;

dd) ) Decreasing of the elastic lungs Decreasing of the elastic lungs ; ;ee) ) Disorders of the gas diffusion in Disorders of the gas diffusion in

the lungs the lungs ; ;ff) ) Disorders of the central Disorders of the central

respiratoryrespiratory regulation regulation and and lungs blood circulationlungs blood circulation . .

Mechanisms of the physical exercises curative Mechanisms of the physical exercises curative actionaction::

General tonic General tonic :: improving higher regulator improving higher regulator mechanismsmechanisms in the CNSin the CNS ((formation and improvement self-controlformation and improvement self-control , , self-regulation self-regulation , , control forcontrol for breathing and muscles relaxingbreathing and muscles relaxing ); ); stimulationstimulationсс of metabolism of metabolism ; ; improving of nervous and psychical tone improving of nervous and psychical tone ; ; restoration and rising restoration and rising tolerance to physical loadingstolerance to physical loadings..

Pathogenetic action Pathogenetic action :: correction of the breathing mechanisms correction of the breathing mechanisms ; ; accelerating of the resolve ataccelerating of the resolve at inflammatory processesinflammatory processes;; improving improving of the bronchial passageof the bronchial passage ; ; removing and decreasingremoving and decreasing of theof the bronchi bronchi spasm spasm ; ; improving of the bronchi drainage functionimproving of the bronchi drainage function ; ; regulation of the regulation of the external breathing function and its reservesexternal breathing function and its reserves..

Prophylactic action Prophylactic action :: improving of the external breathing functionimproving of the external breathing function; ; take possession by methods of breathing operation take possession by methods of breathing operation ; ; decreasing of decreasing of the intoxication the intoxication ; ; stimulation of the immune processes stimulation of the immune processes ; ; improving of improving of the protective functions of the respiratory tracts the protective functions of the respiratory tracts , , gardening of an gardening of an organism and organism and rising its resistance to cold rising its resistance to cold ; ; formation and improvingformation and improving of self-control skillsof self-control skills..

Results of the physical exercises Results of the physical exercises conductingconducting

aa improving mobility of the chest improving mobility of the chest connections connections , , so its excursion is so its excursion is increasing ;increasing ; this influence positive this influence positive on the lung’s functionon the lung’s function;;

bb) ) rhythmic movements lead to rhythmic movements lead to increasing increasing of the lungsof the lungs ventilation ventilation ; ;

cc) ) substances, which are formed at substances, which are formed at the the muscles contraction,muscles contraction, adrenaline adrenaline , , which go to the bloodwhich go to the blood in in the case of positive emotions during the case of positive emotions during executing of physical exercisesexecuting of physical exercises positive influence on the receptors positive influence on the receptors of bronchi muscles of bronchi muscles ;;

dd) ) increasing of the oxygen increasing of the oxygen need need in an organism stimulate the in an organism stimulate the respiratory system respiratory system , , increase its increase its functional possibilities .functional possibilities .

Specific of the TE at the diseases of Specific of the TE at the diseases of при при respiratory organsrespiratory organs::

Conducting of the respiratory exercises withConducting of the respiratory exercises with different characterdifferent character::

aa) ) for the increasing of lung’s for the increasing of lung’s ventilationventilation;;

bb) ) for relief of the expirationfor relief of the expiration;;c)c) for accelerating exudates for accelerating exudates

resolveresolve;;dd) ) for stretching of adhesives in for stretching of adhesives in

the pleural cavitythe pleural cavity . .2. Using of different initial poses, which help the 2. Using of different initial poses, which help the

improving of lung’s action –improving of lung’s action – increasing of the increasing of the chest excursionchest excursion, , lung’s ventilation lung’s ventilation , , flexibility flexibility , , mobility of the chest connections mobility of the chest connections ..

3. Conducting of the physical exercises with 3. Conducting of the physical exercises with objectsobjects ( (gymnastic stick gymnastic stick – – for exercises of for exercises of the respiratory characterthe respiratory character; булава – ; булава – for vide for vide swing-shape movementsswing-shape movements, , which enlarge the which enlarge the chestchest; ; rubber tape and dumb-bellsrubber tape and dumb-bells – – make make physical exercises more effective,physical exercises more effective, strength strength the respiratory musclesthe respiratory muscles, , balls balls – – its using its using make the procedures of the TEmake the procedures of the TE more more emotionalemotional).).

4. Differences of the TE methods 4. Differences of the TE methods ..5. U5. Using sing of the special gymnastic exercisesof the special gymnastic exercises according to character and according to character and

and localization of pathology. and localization of pathology. 6. Correlation of the physical exercises parts with inspiration and 6. Correlation of the physical exercises parts with inspiration and

expiration (widening of chest expiration (widening of chest – – inspiration inspiration , , squeezing squeezing – – expiration, expiration, at exudates at exudates pleurisy pleurisy it better do inspiration it better do inspiration bending trunk in the bending trunk in the health side health side , , this help more stretching adhesivesthis help more stretching adhesives ) )

7. If at 7. If at diseases of cardio-vascular systemdiseases of cardio-vascular system the main task the main task - - right right dosage of the general strengthen influencedosage of the general strengthen influence,,at respiratory diseases at respiratory diseases significant not only significant not only correctly determinate the dose of the physicalcorrectly determinate the dose of the physical loading loading ,,but find special physical exercises for concrete pathological but find special physical exercises for concrete pathological process process ..

8. Together with general strengthen action of the physical exercises8. Together with general strengthen action of the physical exercises on on the patient’s organismthe patient’s organism , , significant is the local action with the help significant is the local action with the help special exercisesspecial exercises::

aa) ) fixation of the separate parts of chest fixation of the separate parts of chest for limiting of its for limiting of its mobilitymobility this give more expressed respiratory excursion of other (not this give more expressed respiratory excursion of other (not fixed) fixed) departmentsdepartments;;

bb) ) pressing on the chest and on the front abdominal wall with pressing on the chest and on the front abdominal wall with the aim to do the expiration more deep and longthe aim to do the expiration more deep and long;;

cc) ) pronouncing pronouncing sounds on the expirationsounds on the expiration ;it permits;it permits make make control forcontrol for eveneven and long expiration and long expiration ;;

dd) ) using of the nose and pharynx reflex for improvingusing of the nose and pharynx reflex for improving of of breathing -breathing - mainly mainly expiration expiration ( (cold air cold air irritate receptors of the mucous irritate receptors of the mucous membranes ,membranes , impulses are going to the medulla oblongata impulses are going to the medulla oblongata then then impulses go in opposite direction to the bronchi muscles and bronchi impulses go in opposite direction to the bronchi muscles and bronchi spasm is removing spasm is removing ););

ee) ) right connection and interchange of the moderate loadings right connection and interchange of the moderate loadings and respiratory exercises and respiratory exercises ( ( loadings increase need loadings increase need in the deeper in the deeper breathing breathing ( (aerationaeration), ), help better realization of respiratory functionhelp better realization of respiratory function););

ff) ) using of the different drainage exercises and poses using of the different drainage exercises and poses , , which which improve lung’s drainageimprove lung’s drainage););

gg) ) training of the abdominal kind of breath training of the abdominal kind of breath from the initial pose from the initial pose laying on the spine for the increasing of diaphragm laying on the spine for the increasing of diaphragm excursionexcursion;;

hh) ) pulling the stomach and pressing on abdomen bending leg pulling the stomach and pressing on abdomen bending leg with the purpose of the diaphragm rising with the purpose of the diaphragm rising , , improving of the lower lung’s improving of the lower lung’s department ventilation and removing of the phlegmdepartment ventilation and removing of the phlegm;;

i) hands layingi) hands laying on the waist or gymnastic apparatus with the on the waist or gymnastic apparatus with the purpose of purpose of the unloading of chest of it’s weight the unloading of chest of it’s weight and improving of the and improving of the deep breathing .deep breathing .

TE task for the respiratory diseases TE task for the respiratory diseases

GeneralGeneral::1.1. Improving of the CNS higher regulator mechanisms Improving of the CNS higher regulator mechanisms ..2.2. Improving of the mental processes Improving of the mental processes – – will will , , sense, sense,

perception and otherperception and other..3.3. Formation and fastening of the self-control, self-regulation, Formation and fastening of the self-control, self-regulation,

muscles relaxation, conducting of breath skillsmuscles relaxation, conducting of breath skills..4.4. Improving of action and increasing of the Respiratory Improving of action and increasing of the Respiratory

system functional possibilitiessystem functional possibilities ( (increasing of the lung’s increasing of the lung’s ventilation ,ventilation , VLV VLV , , chest and anterior abdomen wall chest and anterior abdomen wall excursion,excursion, improving of gas metabolism improving of gas metabolism , , strength of the strength of the respiratory musclesrespiratory muscles).).

5.5. Improving of the breathing actImproving of the breathing act ( (rhythm rhythm , , deep smoothnessdeep smoothness).).6.6. General General strengthen and hardening of an organism, ricing strengthen and hardening of an organism, ricing

of its resistance of its resistance ..

TE tasks for some diseasesTE tasks for some diseasesPneumoniaPneumonia

1.1. Increase of blood and lymph circulation in the Increase of blood and lymph circulation in the lungs for acceleration of exudates and lungs for acceleration of exudates and inflammation products resolvesinflammation products resolves for prevention of for prevention of the complicationsthe complications;;

2.2. Improving the lungs ventilation – prophylaxis of Improving the lungs ventilation – prophylaxis of atelectasis formationatelectasis formation;;

3.3. Prevention of adhesives spread in pleural Prevention of adhesives spread in pleural cavitiescavities;;

4.4. Activization of tissues metabolism and oxygen Activization of tissues metabolism and oxygen and restore processes in the bodyand restore processes in the body;;

5.5. Nervous and psychical tone risingNervous and psychical tone rising;;6.6. Improvement of drainage function of the lungsImprovement of drainage function of the lungs;;7.7. Medicines action activatingMedicines action activating..

Bronchial asthmaBronchial asthma

1.1. Promotion of the bronchi spasm decreasingPromotion of the bronchi spasm decreasing;;2.2. To study of the patient by breathing ruling To study of the patient by breathing ruling

during during the asthmatic the asthmatic attackattack;;3.3. Breath improving Breath improving : : expiration’s extendingexpiration’s extending;;4.4. Activation of the tissues trophic Activation of the tissues trophic ;;5.5. Strengthen of the patient’s organism generally Strengthen of the patient’s organism generally

and respiratory and respiratory muscles for prevent of lung’s muscles for prevent of lung’s emphysema emphysema developmentdevelopment;;

6.6. Removing of the pathological cortex and Removing of the pathological cortex and visceral reflexes and restoration the normal visceral reflexes and restoration the normal stereotype stereotype of breathing apparatus regulationof breathing apparatus regulation; ; rising of the nervous and mental tone rising of the nervous and mental tone ;;

7.7. Increasing of an organism adaptation toIncreasing of an organism adaptation to growing growing physical loadingsphysical loadings..

Bronchitis Bronchitis ::1.1. Increasing of the blood and lymph circulationIncreasing of the blood and lymph circulation;;2.2. Decreasing or removing of the inflammatory bronchi processesDecreasing or removing of the inflammatory bronchi processes;;3.3. Restoration of the bronchi drainage functionRestoration of the bronchi drainage function;;4.4. Prophylaxis of the chronic bronchitisProphylaxis of the chronic bronchitis, , pneumoniapneumonia;;5.5. Rising general and local bronchi resistance Rising general and local bronchi resistance , , organism resistance to organism resistance to

the cold diseasesthe cold diseases..

Lung’s emphysemaLung’s emphysema::1.1. Saving of the lung’s tissues elasticSaving of the lung’s tissues elastic;;2.2. Increasing of the chest and spine bone mobilityIncreasing of the chest and spine bone mobility;;3.3. Training of the diaphragm breathingTraining of the diaphragm breathing, , increasing of the diaphragm increasing of the diaphragm

respiratory excursionrespiratory excursion;;4.4. Strengthen of the respiratory muscles Strengthen of the respiratory muscles , , especially such ,that take especially such ,that take

part expiration act part expiration act – – decreasing of the respiratory muscles rising decreasing of the respiratory muscles rising tone;tone;

5.5. Teaching of the Teaching of the right right , , rhythmic breathing with the prolongation rhythmic breathing with the prolongation expirationexpiration;;

6.6. Improvement of the cardio- vascular system functionImprovement of the cardio- vascular system function..

PleurisyPleurisy::1.1. Struggle against respiratory insufficiencyStruggle against respiratory insufficiency;;2.2. Help to exudates resolveHelp to exudates resolve, , oppose pleurisy adhesives oppose pleurisy adhesives

formationsformations;;3.3. Activating of the blood and lymph circulationActivating of the blood and lymph circulation;;4.4. Restoration of the external breathing apparatus functionRestoration of the external breathing apparatus function;;5.5. Adaptation of the cardio-vascular and respiratory Adaptation of the cardio-vascular and respiratory

systems systems ,,in generally ,to increasing physical loadings. in generally ,to increasing physical loadings.

Bronchiectatic diseaseBronchiectatic disease::1.1. Improving of the spitting removing from lungsImproving of the spitting removing from lungs;;2.2. Inflammatory processes removingInflammatory processes removing;;3.3. Formation of the chest and spine bone conjunction Formation of the chest and spine bone conjunction

mobilitymobility;;4.4. Rising of general and local bronchi resistanceRising of general and local bronchi resistance..

Indications and contraindications to the TE Indications and contraindications to the TE at at the diseases of respiratory system the diseases of respiratory system

Diseases Diseases Indications Indications Contraindications Contraindications

1.1. Pneumonia Pneumonia Normal or sub febrile Normal or sub febrile temperature temperature of body of body Satisfactory general state of Satisfactory general state of patientpatient. . Decreasing of the ESR Decreasing of the ESR and leucocytosis).and leucocytosis).

High body temperature High body temperature (38 (38С С and moreand more). ). Accelerating Accelerating of of the cardio-vascular the cardio-vascular insufficiency insufficiency ( (tachycardiatachycardia state of rest –state of rest – more more 100 100 b.b.//min.min.).).Severe general state Severe general state

2.2. Exudates Exudates pleurisy pleurisy

Satisfactory general stateSatisfactory general state.. Normal or sub febrile Normal or sub febrile temperature temperature ..Trend to the Trend to the normalizing of the blood indexes normalizing of the blood indexes ..Decreasing of the exudates Decreasing of the exudates level .Appearance of the level .Appearance of the pleural friction rub and pain, pleural friction rub and pain, connect with it connect with it on the height of on the height of inspiration inspiration . . Decreasing of Decreasing of tachycardiatachycardia, , shortness of breath shortness of breath

High body temperatureHigh body temperature. . Height of the exudates Height of the exudates standing –standing – on the level of on the level of 4 4 ribrib. . Increasing of theIncreasing of the pleural pleural liquid quantityliquid quantity. . Rising of the Rising of the lung’s and cardiac lung’s and cardiac insufficiency insufficiency

3. Bronchial asthma 3. Bronchial asthma Asthmatic state.Asthmatic state. Accelerating of the Accelerating of the lung’s and cardiac insufficiency with the lung’s and cardiac insufficiency with the decompensation. decompensation.

4.4.BBronchitisronchitis Acute processAcute processsubsiding subsiding

High body temperature High body temperature

5.5.Lung’s Lung’s emphysema emphysema

Acute inflammatory process Acute inflammatory process . . Expressed Expressed chronic chronic lung’slung’s and cardiac insufficiency and cardiac insufficiency and its progressing – there is no and its progressing – there is no contraindication.contraindication.

6.6.Bronchiectatic Bronchiectatic disease disease

High body temperatureHigh body temperature. (. (during 24 hours; during 24 hours; It’s connect with the spitting It’s connect with the spitting delayingdelaying).). Expressed cardio-vascular insufficiencyExpressed cardio-vascular insufficiency.. Lung’s bleedingLung’s bleeding((single blood single blood veins in the veins in the spit – there isspit – there is no contraindication. no contraindication. ))

Indications and contraindications to the TE Indications and contraindications to the TE at at the diseases of respiratory system the diseases of respiratory system

During of the TE procedure at diseases of respiratory system are appointed :

a) Static ruling breathing – work only respiratory muscles. Lead to the normal correlation between in-and expiration;

b) Dynamic ruling breathing – connect with different movements which are conducted with arms , feet , head , all body for strengthen and prolonging of expiration;

c) Local breathing – limiting of activity of some chest part , where is needing in increasing of respiratory excursion : upper -chest, lower-chest,lateral , abdominal.

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