The Web Browser and Universal Resource Locator

WEB BROWSER• A program that you

used to view the World Wide Web (WWW).

• A browser is needed to interpret the HTML files to a readable format.

• HTML is the language that is used to define the format of a web page.

Two Popular Web Browser Microsoft Internet ExplorerNetscape Navigator

Other browsers used today:Mozilla FirefoxOperaSafari

Brief History of a Web Browser

• In 1993 the first graphical browser called MOSAIC was developed by March Andreeseen and his team at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA). Later Andreessen moved to become the brains behind Netscape Corp., which introduced the most successful graphical type of browser and server, The Netscape Navigator.

Marc AndreessenNetscape Navigator

• In 1995 Bill Gate’s Microsoft declared war and developed its Microsoft Internet Explorer.

• Microsoft’s full scale entry into the browser, server and Internet Service Provider market completed the major shift over to a commercially based Internet.

Netscape NavigatorInternet Explorer

• The release of Windows 98 in June 1998 with the Microsoft browser well integrated into the desktop shows Bill Gate’s determination to capitalize on the enormous growth of the Internet. Microsoft's success over the past few years has brought court challenges to their dominance.

Internet Explorer William Henry "Bill" Gates III

PARTS OF THE WEB BROWSERInternet Explorer/Mozilla Firefox

MENU BAR

LOCATION/Address BAR

TOOL BAR

BROWSER PANE

STATUS BAR

TITLE BARDisplays different menus

for specific commands

Displays name of the web page

you are viewing.

Displays shortcut tools

for specific commands

Displays the current

webpage

Where the internet address is being typed in

Shows the progress of loading a web page SCROLL BAR

Shows the bottom of the screen when you

drag the mouse

Search Engines andHow They Work

Search Engines are finding tools . They are designed to scan the World Wide Web to search for details of sites and pages.

You can search the contents of these databases by typing selected keywords in the text box provided on the search engine’s home page. The program:

1. searches for occurrences of those words.

2. retrieves any documents which match the terms

from its index.

3. displays the results as a list of pages.

Popular Search Engines

• Google

http://www.google.com• MSN

http://www.msn.com • Yahoo

http://www.yahoo.com• Ask.com

http://www.ask.com

URL-Uniform Resource Locator

The Global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web.

Parts of the URL:

http://www.deped.gov.ph/faculty.htm

Protocol Domain Name/Address Resource Location

Protocol - indicates that the browser and web server will communicate using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol

Domain Name – indicates a resources/address coming from the World Wide Web.

Resource Location– the exact storage location and name of the specific location.

Domain Name

Denotes the name of a specific Internet area controlled by a company, school, or organization.

Typical Domain names consist of some form of organization’s name and a suffix that describes the type of organization.

Examples:

.com – corporations .mil – military

.edu – educational institution .net – network provider

.gov. – government institution .org. – non profit org.

The end of the domain name can often tell you the country of orgin.

ex. .ph – Philippines .fr – France

.uk – United Kingdom .jp – Japan

Searching Techniques

• Prepare a Search Plan or Strategy

• Be Clear About your Topic/Clearly defines the research needs.

• Decide which types of research resources will be useful

Structuring Keywords Searches

The following search tips apply as a general rule:Try to keep your search statements simple. However, if

you need to search on a single term, make the term as specific as possible.

Use exact phrases where possible. Generally you will need to enclose phrases in quotation marks (“keywords/phrase”) to ensure that the search engine will treat the phrase as a single term.

Think about synonyms that may be used as alternate search terms. Some search engines include thesaurus.

Other considerations include:

1. variation in spelling

2. searching for both singular and plural of terms

3. use of upper and lower case

Use of Boolean Operators• You can use connecting words, knows as Boolean

operators such as AND, OR, AND NOT or NOT and NEAR to indicate the relationship between terms in a search statement.

Command Purpose Example

AND+

AND helps to narrow your search. Means that a word must be included.

dog AND cat+dog +cat

OR OR expands your search by saying that either word is fine

Dog or Cat

“___________” Quotation marks keep a group of words together

“gone with the wind”

AND NOT

-AND NOT helps to narrow or limit a search by excluding a part of the concept

“Martin Luther”AND NOT King

* The asterisk * allow you to find variations of a word

Music*

Assignment:1. Search for at least five (5) websites of the following:• with .com extension• With .org extension• With .gov extension

2. Look for three (3) Educational Sites and explain how the sites works. (Be ready to discuss this educational websites in front

of the class)