The Washington Presidency: 1789-1797 The First President The First Congress Hamilton’s Plan The First Political Parties.

The Washington The Washington Presidency: 1789-1797Presidency: 1789-1797

The First PresidentThe First President

The First CongressThe First Congress

Hamilton’s PlanHamilton’s Plan

The First Political PartiesThe First Political Parties

Washington’s Cabinet: 1789Washington’s Cabinet: 1789

• Background: George Washington Background: George Washington

• Cabinet Departments-Cabinet Departments-

• Secretary of War: Henry KnoxSecretary of War: Henry Knox

• Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Secretary of Treasury: Alexander HamiltonHamilton

• State of State: Thomas JeffersonState of State: Thomas Jefferson

• Attorney General: Edmund RandolphAttorney General: Edmund Randolph

• Postmaster General: Samuel OsgoodPostmaster General: Samuel Osgood

• Vice President: John Adams Vice President: John Adams

Washington’s CabinetWashington’s Cabinet

Mount VernonMount Vernon

First CongressFirst Congress

• Judiciary Act of 1789: 13 federal Court Judiciary Act of 1789: 13 federal Court districtsdistricts– 3 circuit courts, 6 supreme court justices, John 3 circuit courts, 6 supreme court justices, John

JayJay

• James Madison: Speaker of the HouseJames Madison: Speaker of the House• Tariff Act of 1789: 5% duty on importsTariff Act of 1789: 5% duty on imports• Bill of RightsBill of Rights• 11stst: Freedom of speech & religion: Freedom of speech & religion• 22ndnd: Right to bear arms: Right to bear arms 4th: No unreasonable search and seizures4th: No unreasonable search and seizures 55thth: Due process clause, no self incrimination: Due process clause, no self incrimination 77thth: Right to a speedy trial by jury: Right to a speedy trial by jury

Hamilton’s PlanHamilton’s Plan• Report on Public CreditReport on Public Credit

– Pay face value of all bonds (funding) $54mPay face value of all bonds (funding) $54m– Pay all state debt (assumption) $20mPay all state debt (assumption) $20m

• Report on a National BankReport on a National Bank– Create the BUS (20% gov. owned)Create the BUS (20% gov. owned)– ““necessary and proper clause”necessary and proper clause”

• Report on ManufacturingReport on Manufacturing– High tariff: protect manufacturing & bring High tariff: protect manufacturing & bring

in revenue for internal improvementsin revenue for internal improvements

Alexander HamiltonAlexander Hamilton

Foreign AffairsForeign Affairs

• French Revolution: GW neutralFrench Revolution: GW neutral

• Citizen Genet: raises money for piratesCitizen Genet: raises money for pirates

• Jay’s Treaty: Britain will remove forts, Jay’s Treaty: Britain will remove forts, new trade treaty, Britain will pay for new trade treaty, Britain will pay for ships when America pays Tory debt. ships when America pays Tory debt. But they did not stop impressment, But they did not stop impressment, nor recognize American neutrality. nor recognize American neutrality. Republicans mad.Republicans mad.

The FederalistsThe Federalists

• Hamilton & AdamsHamilton & Adams

• Trusted elite: classical republicanismTrusted elite: classical republicanism

• Promote manufacturing & commercePromote manufacturing & commerce

• Pro BritishPro British

• Strong central governmentStrong central government

• High tariff- internal improvementHigh tariff- internal improvement

• Bank of the United States (BUS)Bank of the United States (BUS)

• Army and navyArmy and navy

Jeffersonian RepublicansJeffersonian Republicans

• Jefferson & MadisonJefferson & Madison• Trusted the common manTrusted the common man• Agricultural economy: yeoman farmerAgricultural economy: yeoman farmer• Pro French: pro French RevolutionPro French: pro French Revolution• State’s rights, local ruleState’s rights, local rule• Low Tariff, low internal improvements Low Tariff, low internal improvements • Afraid of BUSAfraid of BUS• No standing armyNo standing army

Politics: very heatedPolitics: very heated

• Partisan NewspapersPartisan Newspapers

• Democratic ClubsDemocratic Clubs

Washington’s FarewellWashington’s Farewell

• Whiskey Rebellion: Pennsylvania Whiskey Rebellion: Pennsylvania farmers refuses to pay new tax. GW farmers refuses to pay new tax. GW send 15,000 troops to down mob.send 15,000 troops to down mob.

• Farewell Address: Farewell Address: – Avoid partisan fightingAvoid partisan fighting– Avoid foreign entanglementsAvoid foreign entanglements